Download - Seismic Bracing- Non-Structural Elements
Seismic Bracing of
Non-Structural Components
Seismic Bracing of
Non-Structural Components
byPaul W. McMullin, SE, PhD
Seismic Bracing of Non-Structural ComponentsNovember 17, 2008
Seismic Bracing of Non-Structural ElementsSeismic Bracing of Non-Structural Elements
Outline
Typical Earthquake Damage
• Structural
• Non-Structural
Purpose of CodeLegalEarthquake Basics
Typical Earthquake Damage
• Structural
• Non-Structural
Purpose of CodeLegalEarthquake Basics
Non-Structural Requirements(Breakout)
• Mechanical, Electrical, and
Plumbing
• Partitions, Ceilings, and
Lights
• Cladding and Parapets
Non-Structural Requirements(Breakout)
• Mechanical, Electrical, and
Plumbing
• Partitions, Ceilings, and
Lights
• Cladding and Parapets
Seismic Bracing of Non-Structural ElementsSeismic Bracing of Non-Structural Elements
Seismic Meter
Northridge EarthquakeMagnitude 6.7Estimated Economic
Loss $49.3 billion
Northridge EarthquakeMagnitude 6.7Estimated Economic
Loss $49.3 billion
PEER (2000)
Seismic Bracing of Non-Structural ElementsSeismic Bracing of Non-Structural Elements
Damage Examples
StructuralNon-Structural
• Cladding
• Partitions
• Ceiling Systems
• Lights
• Mechanical Equipment
• Piping
StructuralNon-Structural
• Cladding
• Partitions
• Ceiling Systems
• Lights
• Mechanical Equipment
• Piping
Seismic Bracing of Non-Structural ElementsSeismic Bracing of Non-Structural Elements
Structural Damage Example
SDEDC (1994)
Seismic Bracing of Non-Structural ElementsSeismic Bracing of Non-Structural Elements
Structural Damage Example
FE
MA
(20
00)
Seismic Bracing of Non-Structural ElementsSeismic Bracing of Non-Structural Elements
Structural Damage Example
FEMA (2000)
Seismic Bracing of Non-Structural ElementsSeismic Bracing of Non-Structural Elements
Structural Damage Examples
Philippines Earthquake D.C. Hopkins (1990)
Seismic Bracing of Non-Structural ElementsSeismic Bracing of Non-Structural Elements
Non-Structural Damage Examples
Northridge Earthquake 1994 (A.B. King)
StructuralNon-Structural
• Cladding
• Partitions
• Ceiling Systems
• Lights
• Mechanical Equipment
• Piping
StructuralNon-Structural
• Cladding
• Partitions
• Ceiling Systems
• Lights
• Mechanical Equipment
• Piping
Seismic Bracing of Non-Structural ElementsSeismic Bracing of Non-Structural Elements
Non-Structural Damage Examples
CladdingCladding
Mexico City Earthquake 1985 (R.B. Shephard) Mexico City Earthquake 1985 (D.C. Hopkins)
Seismic Bracing of Non-Structural ElementsSeismic Bracing of Non-Structural Elements
Non-Structural Damage Examples
Cladding (cont)Cladding (cont)
Seismic Non-Structural Considerations Niel Palmer, PE
Seismic Bracing of Non-Structural ElementsSeismic Bracing of Non-Structural Elements
Non-Structural Damage Examples
PartitionsPartitions
Seismic Non-Structural Considerations Niel Palmer, PE
Seismic Bracing of Non-Structural ElementsSeismic Bracing of Non-Structural Elements
Non-Structural Damage Examples
Ceiling SystemsCeiling Systems
Seismic Non-Structural Considerations Niel Palmer, PEMexico City Earthquake 1985 (D.C. Hopkins)
Seismic Bracing of Non-Structural ElementsSeismic Bracing of Non-Structural Elements
Non-Structural Damage Examples
LightsLights
Seismic Non-Structural Considerations Niel Palmer, PE
1965 Seattle-Tacoma Earthquake Photo by Del Ogden Daily Olympian
Seismic Bracing of Non-Structural ElementsSeismic Bracing of Non-Structural Elements
Damage Examples
Mechanical EquipmentMechanical Equipment
Non-Structural Elements Timothy P. McCormick
Seismic Bracing of Non-Structural ElementsSeismic Bracing of Non-Structural Elements
Damage Examples
PipingPiping
Seismic Non-Structural Considerations Niel Palmer, PE
Seismic Bracing of Non-Structural ElementsSeismic Bracing of Non-Structural Elements
Non-Structural Damage Examples
RackingRacking
Seismic Non-Structural Considerations Niel Palmer, PE
1949 Olympia earthquake Photo from Seattle Times Co.
Seismic Bracing of Non-Structural ElementsSeismic Bracing of Non-Structural Elements
What is the Point?
Why can’t I keep doing this the way I used to?Why can’t I keep doing this the way I used to?
�We learn new things after every earthquake�Sometimes, old way was not code compliant or enforced
�We learn new things after every earthquake�Sometimes, old way was not code compliant or enforced
Seismic Bracing of Non-Structural ElementsSeismic Bracing of Non-Structural Elements
Code Purpose
The purpose of this code is to establish the minimum requirements to
safeguard the public health, safety and general welfare…
(IBC 2006, 101.3)
The purpose of this code is to establish the minimum requirements to
safeguard the public health, safety and general welfare…
(IBC 2006, 101.3)
Seismic Bracing of Non-Structural ElementsSeismic Bracing of Non-Structural Elements
Code Purpose
Seismic Bracing of Non-Structural ElementsSeismic Bracing of Non-Structural Elements
Legal Progression:
How Did We Get Here?
State Law
• State statute requires use of building code to govern construction
in new and existing buildings. (Utah Admin. Code 58-56, R156-56)
• State law requires IBC 2006
IBC 2006
• 1613.1 Scope: Every structure, and portion thereof, including
nonstructural components that are permanently attached to
structures and their supports and attachments, shall be designed
and constructed to resist the effects of earthquake motions in
accordance with ASCE 7…
ASCE 7-05
• Provides guidance on determining seismic force used to design
bracing. Couple this with material specific codes and requirements
State Law
• State statute requires use of building code to govern construction
in new and existing buildings. (Utah Admin. Code 58-56, R156-56)
• State law requires IBC 2006
IBC 2006
• 1613.1 Scope: Every structure, and portion thereof, including
nonstructural components that are permanently attached to
structures and their supports and attachments, shall be designed
and constructed to resist the effects of earthquake motions in
accordance with ASCE 7…
ASCE 7-05
• Provides guidance on determining seismic force used to design
bracing. Couple this with material specific codes and requirements
Seismic Bracing of Non-Structural ElementsSeismic Bracing of Non-Structural Elements
Earthquake Basics
Forces (F=ma)For earthquakes, although everything in the building may be hit with the same acceleration, the mass (weight) of the object
determines the force exerted.
Forces (F=ma)For earthquakes, although everything in the building may be hit with the same acceleration, the mass (weight) of the object
determines the force exerted.
Seismic Bracing of Non-Structural ElementsSeismic Bracing of Non-Structural Elements
Earthquake Code Basics
Seismic Design Category
• Occupancy Category
• Seismic Accelerations
• Provided by Structural
Engineer of Record
Seismic Design Category
• Occupancy Category
• Seismic Accelerations
• Provided by Structural
Engineer of Record
Seismic Bracing of Non-Structural ElementsSeismic Bracing of Non-Structural Elements
Earthquake Code Basics
Occupancy Categories
• Cat I: Low Hazard: Agricultural, temporary, minor storage
facilities
• Cat II: Typical Buildings
• Cat III: Substantial Hazard: Schools, jails, power generation,
water treatment, telecom
• Cat IV: Essential Facilities: Hospitals, fire, police, designated
shelters, aviation control towers, national defense
Occupancy Categories
• Cat I: Low Hazard: Agricultural, temporary, minor storage
facilities
• Cat II: Typical Buildings
• Cat III: Substantial Hazard: Schools, jails, power generation,
water treatment, telecom
• Cat IV: Essential Facilities: Hospitals, fire, police, designated
shelters, aviation control towers, national defense
Seismic Bracing of Non-Structural ElementsSeismic Bracing of Non-Structural Elements
Earthquake Code Basics
Importance Factor
• Ip=1.5 if any of the following exist
� Component is required to function for life-safety purposes after
an earthquake, including fire protection sprinkler systems
� The component contains hazardous materials
� The component is in or attached to an Occupancy Category IV
structure and it is needed for continued operation of the facility
of its failure could impair the continued operation of the facility.
• Otherwise, Ip=1.0
Importance Factor
• Ip=1.5 if any of the following exist
� Component is required to function for life-safety purposes after
an earthquake, including fire protection sprinkler systems
� The component contains hazardous materials
� The component is in or attached to an Occupancy Category IV
structure and it is needed for continued operation of the facility
of its failure could impair the continued operation of the facility.
• Otherwise, Ip=1.0
Seismic Bracing of Non-Structural ElementsSeismic Bracing of Non-Structural Elements
Earthquake Code Basics
Seismic Bracing of Non-Structural ElementsSeismic Bracing of Non-Structural Elements
Building Element Bracing
Breakout Groups
• Mechanical, Electrical, and
Plumbing
• Partitions, Ceilings, and
Lights
• Cladding and Parapets
Breakout Groups
• Mechanical, Electrical, and
Plumbing
• Partitions, Ceilings, and
Lights
• Cladding and Parapets
Task
• Review Handout
• Answer Questions
• Present What Learned
Summarize
Task
• Review Handout
• Answer Questions
• Present What Learned
Summarize
Seismic Bracing of Non-Structural ElementsSeismic Bracing of Non-Structural Elements
Responsibility
Responsibility for Design�Defined for each projectResponsibility for Design�Defined for each project
Seismic Bracing of Non-Structural ElementsSeismic Bracing of Non-Structural Elements
Responsibility (cont.)
Seismic Bracing of Non-Structural ElementsSeismic Bracing of Non-Structural Elements
Responsibility (cont.)
Seismic Bracing of Non-Structural ElementsSeismic Bracing of Non-Structural Elements
How Do I Brace Things
Load Path�Provide a way for forces to get back into structure
Load Path�Provide a way for forces to get back into structure
Seismic Bracing of Non-Structural ElementsSeismic Bracing of Non-Structural Elements
How Do I Brace Things
Seismic Bracing of Non-Structural ElementsSeismic Bracing of Non-Structural Elements
Resources
FEMA 389- Communicating with Owners and Managers of New Buildings on Earthquake Risk: A Primer for Design Professionals (http://www.fema.gov/plan/prevent/ms/rmsp389)
FEMA 412- Installing Seismic Restraints for Mechanical Equipment (http://www.fema.gov/library/viewRecord.do?id=1557)
FEMA 413- Installing Seismic Restraints for Electrical Equipment (http://www.fema.gov/library/viewRecord.do?id=1436)
FEMA 414- Installing Seismic Restraints for Duct and Pipe (http://www.fema.gov/library/viewRecord.do?id=1437)
Seismic Considerations for Steel Storage Racks Located in Areas Accessible to the Public (http://www.fema.gov/library/viewRecord.do?id=1439)
FEMA 389- Communicating with Owners and Managers of New Buildings on Earthquake Risk: A Primer for Design Professionals (http://www.fema.gov/plan/prevent/ms/rmsp389)
FEMA 412- Installing Seismic Restraints for Mechanical Equipment (http://www.fema.gov/library/viewRecord.do?id=1557)
FEMA 413- Installing Seismic Restraints for Electrical Equipment (http://www.fema.gov/library/viewRecord.do?id=1436)
FEMA 414- Installing Seismic Restraints for Duct and Pipe (http://www.fema.gov/library/viewRecord.do?id=1437)
Seismic Considerations for Steel Storage Racks Located in Areas Accessible to the Public (http://www.fema.gov/library/viewRecord.do?id=1439)
Unistrut Seismic Bracing Manual (http://www.unistrut.com/literature/index.php?doc=Seismic_App&pg=1)
B-Line Seismic Restraints (http://www.b-line.com/product/Seismic/index.asp)
Unistrut Seismic Bracing Manual (http://www.unistrut.com/literature/index.php?doc=Seismic_App&pg=1)
B-Line Seismic Restraints (http://www.b-line.com/product/Seismic/index.asp)
Seismic Bracing of
Non-Structural Components
Seismic Bracing of
Non-Structural Components
byPaul W. McMullin, SE, PhD
Seismic Bracing of Non-Structural ComponentsNovember 17, 2008