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SEED SELECTION FOR TRA CATFISH IN ORDER TO
ENHANCE GROWTH RATE AND FILLET RATIO
MSc. Nguyen Van Sang Research Institute of Aquaculture
II
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1. INTRODUCTION
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Aquaculture production
0
200000
400000
600000
800000
1000000
1200000
1400000
2000 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
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Urgency and appropriateness + High ability of breeding: it is easy to cause
inbreeding in the future. At the moment, there have already been complaints by the farmers about low survival and growth rate.
+ Farmers: prefer fishes with high growth rate and less diseases.
+ Export processing plants: prefer fishes with high fillet ratio, with traceability records and start paying attention to quality indicators, e.g. flesh color, fat, etc. õ
+ Research capacity: - Learning from the experiences in seed
selection programs inside and outside the country.
- Staff training
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Successful seed selection programs
- Characters+ Growth+ FCR+ Sexual maturation + Flesh color+ Fillet ratio+ Disease resistance+ Cold tolerance+ Feed taking ability
- International Programs+ Salmon+ American catfish+ GIFT Tilapia+ Common carp + Rohu + Vannamei and tiger shrimp+ Green giant prawn
- Programs in Vietnam + Common carp+ Tilapia+ Silver carp+ Tra fish+ TCX
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Objective of seed selection
• To create a population of Tra catfish with high growth rate and high fillet ratio
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Create population for seed selection Estimation
Genetic ratio, genetic correlation Application
Objectives and methods of seed selection Selection
Selection effectiveness
Disseminating the selected fish
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II. MATERIALS AND METHODS
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Population for seed selection
Population 2001 2002 2003
3-4 hatcheries
Aquaculture households
Natural seeds An Giang, Vinh Long, Dong Thap, Tien Giang,
Long An
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Population for seed selection 2001- Selection of individuals, body weight
2002- Selection of individuals, body weight
2003- Selection of families, characters of weight and fillet ratio
F1: was produced in 2005
F1: was produced in 2006
F1: was produced in 2007
Calculation of genetic parameters: 2006
Calculation of genetic parameters: 2007
Calculation of genetic parameters: 2008
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95 M x 97 CF
162 families
Partial factorial
Reading PIT marking
75 ind./family(12,190)
17.5 ind./family(2,767)
279 days
158 families
170 days
3,000
- Selected: 462
- Compared: 120
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Data processing
- Linear equation for combined individuals
- Genetic parameters+ Genetic ratio+ Genetic correlation+ Selection effectiveness
- Softwares:
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III. RESULTS
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Form variability
Characters Average
STD CV (%)
Body weight (g) 925.80 370.54 40.02
Fillet weight (g) 322.26 114.55 35.54
Fillet ratio (%) 35.60 7.00 19.66
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Genetic ratio
Characters Average
Body weight (g)
0.39 0.11
Fillet weight (g)
0.40 0.08
Fillet ratio (%)
0.08 0.02
61%
39% di truyeàn coänggoäp
khoâng di truyeàn
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Genetic correlation
Body weight
Fillet weight Fillet ratio
Body weight
Fillet weight 0.96 0.02
Fillet ratio 0.35 0.18 0.61 0.17
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Estimated effectiveness (R)
i (p=15%)
h2 STD R R(%)
Body weight
1.6 0.39 370.54 231.22 25.0
Fillet ratio
1.6 0.08 7.00 0.90 2.5
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Actual effectiveness
947
837
780
800
820
840
860
880
900
920
940
960
Choïn loïc Ñoái chöùng
Troïng löôïng
12,4%
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Actual effectiveness
36.6
35.6
35
35.2
35.4
35.6
35.8
36
36.2
36.4
36.6
Choïn loïc Ñoái chöùng
Tỷ lệ phile
1%
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Initial effectiveness at household level ä
• Nursing households:– Less disease, high
survival rate – High growth rate
• Farming households: – High growth rate– Less disease
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Characteristics of the population for seed
selection - High genetic variability: tolerance
- Traceability
- High growth rate and high fillet ratio.
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Application possibility
Population for selecting the next generation: 600 individuals/year
Distribution of broodstocks for experimental production: 10,000 broodstocks
Possibility to provide seeds and fish for seed selection:
Seeds: 10,000 ind./year Larvie: 20 mill. Fries: 500 mill.
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IV. CONCLUSIONS• - High genetic ratio for body weight and
fillet weight.
• - The selected population possessed 12.4% higher growth rate than the unselected one.
• - The selected population is ready for production and distribution
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Recommendations • To continue seed selection, based on the
characters of growth rate and fillet ratio.
• To include the characters of disease resistance for pyoderma liver and kidney.
• Application of molecular biology in seed selection.
• Selection of a large number of seeds for distribution.
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Thank you very much!