Download - Sec. 1.3 France and England in the New World
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Sec. 1.3 France and England in the
New World
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Questions
1. Most of the settlers in the French colonies were
__________traders.
2. England’s first colony in 1607 was called _____________
3. What geographical feature prevented the English colonies from expanding westward?
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Answers1. Fur: particular Beaver Pelts
2. Jamestown
3. Appalachian Mountains
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Vocab.
• Joint-Stock Colony: A colony set up and owned by a group of investors with the purpose of making a profit.
• Royal Colony: Colony owned/financed and protected by the King. (ex. Maryland)
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Vocab.
• Proprietary Colony: Colony owned by a private individual or private company. (ex. Pennsylvania)
• Plymouth Colony: A colony founded for religious freedom by Puritan settlers from England.
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Vocab.
• Columbian Exchange: The Transfer of plants, animals, germs, and ideas between the Old World (Europe & Asia) and the New World (North & South America).
• Examples: Horses, Smallpox, Turkeys, Tobacco, Mercantilism, & Democracy.
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French & Indian War
• War in 1754 between Great Britain (England) and France over the land in North America.
• The French and Indian War is the French & Indians versus England. The French & Indians are on the same side, not against each other. Together they are fighting the English (Great Britain).
• Great Britain (England Wins!)
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French Fur Trading
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Following Spain• During the 16th century, Spain became rich
from the gold it took from its colony, New Spain.
• Soon France and England became interested in establishing colonies.
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France • Just like Spain, France also had aspirations
to sail west to the New World to create colonies.
• Jacques Cartier reached the eastern side of what is today Canada.
• He claimed the region for France and it became the base of France’s colonial Empire known as New France
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• France also explored and colonized the areas around the Great Lakes, and upper Mississippi.
• Later they also established a colony in the lower Mississippi region, naming it Louisiana after the French King, Louis XIV.
• The main economic activity of the French colonies was not gold, like the Spanish, but the fur trade.
• During the 1500’s the hottest fashion in Europe was Beaver fur hats.
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• The French made a fortune off the Fur Trade.
• Fur was rare in Europe and very expensive.
• The French were only interested in colonies to make money, not to expand territory.
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Video of France
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France’s Explorers
• da Verrazano- NC to Newfoundland
• Cartier- St. Lawrence River
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England
• Soon the English would also become involved in the New World.
• A group of London investors were granted a charter (written permission) from King James in 1606 to sail to America and build a colony.
• The group would make the 4 month voyage and land in what is today Virginia.
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England’s Big Man
• Cabot- Newfoundland
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• The settlement was named Jamestown after the King of England. The main goal of the people in the colony was to make money.
• Their first activity was to look for gold. This took up time that should have been spent planting crops.
• During the first few years, 7 out of every 10 colonist died of hunger, disease, or fighting with the Native Americans.
• Even though times were hard, eventually, the colony became the English foothold in America.
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Plymouth Colony• At the same time Jamestown was being
established, another group from England, the Pilgrims founded another English colony in Plymouth, Massachusetts.
• Unlike the investors that founded Jamestown, the Puritans wanted a place to worship freely and escape the Anglican Church of England.
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• The colony of Jamestown had been about making money. The Puritans had a goal of establishing a Christian colony that would be a model to the rest of the world.
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Colonies Grow
• By 1750, 1.3 million English settlers lived in 13 colonies along the Atlantic coast of North America.
• The English pushed all of the Dutch out of the New World. (ex. New Amsterdam changing to New York)
• The French focused on the northern section of the continent and the Midwestern region.
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Impact on Native Americans• The effects of colonization on the Native
American Indians was disastrous.
• The French got along better with Native Americans because they were involved in the fur trade.
• The English wanted to populate the colonial land that they had claimed. They fought Native Americans over land.
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Fighting for North America• As the colonies of England and France
grew, they challenged each other over control of North America.
• In 1754 the French and English clash over land in the New World in the French and Indian War. (paraphrase)
• The English defeated the French and claimed most of their land.
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• In 1763 the British colonist, with help from the British Army, defeat the French and took most of the land in the New World.
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English vs. French Colonies
*Grew Tobacco * Fur Traders
*Fought against the * Allied with
Native Americans Natives
*Fast growing * Slow growing
settlements settlements
*Small amount of land * Large amount of land
*Gave people a voice in * Ruled by King Louis
government XIV (14)
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Jamestown
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The Caribbean
• Both the English and the French established colonies on the Caribbean islands.
• These islands were used to grow tobacco and sugar on plantations.
• These products brought huge profits to France and England, however, they required a large labor force. Eventually, the need for this labor would lead to the enslavement of Africans, and the Atlantic Slave Trade.