ScienzeScienze Matematiche, Fisiche, NaturaliMatematiche, Fisiche, Naturali Università di Pavia
Facoltà di
Dipartimento di Fisica “A. Volta”
In 1799 Alessandro Volta invented the battery. He was then 54 years old and one of Europe’s most famous physicists. Since 1778 he had been Regius Professor of Experimental Physics at the Pavia University and been running the Physics Laboratory, which has been recently reconstructed.
Not only is our Department named after him... but also the unit of measure of potential, which Volta called "tension", is named the "volt".
http://ppp.unipv.it
ScienzeScienze Matematiche, Fisiche, NaturaliMatematiche, Fisiche, Naturali Università di Pavia
Facoltà di
Dipartimento di Fisica “A. Volta”
MAGNETISM and SUPERCONDUCTIVITY GroupStaff: A. Rigamonti, F. Borsa, P. Carretta, M. Corti, A. Lascialfari, S. Aldrovandi, L. Spanu, E. Micotti, N. Papinutto, M. Filibian, M. Mariani
•Motions and structure of flux lines lattice in superconductors•Low-dimensional quantum antiferromagnets (S=1/2)•Molecular nanomagnets•Quantum tunneling of the magnetization (QTM)
RAMAN, LUMINESCENCE, Hall SPECTROSCOPIES Group + EPR & MAGNETIZATION GroupStaff: G. Samoggia, P. Galinetto, E. Giulotto, F. Rossella + C.B. Azzoni, M.C. Mozzati
•Phase transitions in pure and mixed oxides based on ABO3 (KTO, STO, BTO, etc) compounds•Structural, electronic and optical properties of intrinsic and impurities defects in ABO3 related materials (e.g. LiNbO3)•Study of the transport phenomena and charge localization due to optical irradiation in ABO3 compounds
ScienzeScienze Matematiche, Fisiche, NaturaliMatematiche, Fisiche, Naturali Università di Pavia
Facoltà di
Dipartimento di Fisica “A. Volta”
PHYSICS EDUCATION and PHYSICS HISTORY GroupStaff: G. Bonera, L. Borghi, A. De Ambrosis, L. Falomo, L. Mascheretti, M.C. Garbarino, L. Cardinali
*Identification of tools and strategies to support the Physics teaching/learning process*Historical comprehension of the developments of different physical branches, taking into account not only the technical aspects but also the global cultural and social context.
QUANTUM INFORMATION THEORY GroupStaff: GM D’Ariano, C. Macchiavello, M. Sacchi, P. Lo Presti, F. Buscemi, G. Chiribella, P. Perinotti
•Quantum Measuring Devices for Photonics and Quantum Information •Entanglement Assisted High Precision Measurements •Quantum Teleportation and Quantum Cloning by the optical parametric squeezing process •Quantum Properties of Distributed Systems
ScienzeScienze Matematiche, Fisiche, NaturaliMatematiche, Fisiche, Naturali Università di Pavia
Facoltà di
Photonic Materials and Nanostructures
Dipartimento di Fisica “A. Volta”
http://fisicavolta.unipv.it/dipartimento/ricerca/fotonici
Pavia, July 5th, 2005
European School of Advanced Studies
9th Master course in Materials for micro and nano-technologies
and
http://chifis.unipv.it/euro/
Staff: A. Stella, G. Guizzetti, F. Marabelli, L.C. Andreani, M. Patrini, M. Galli + post-Docs & PhD students
ScienzeScienze Matematiche, Fisiche, NaturaliMatematiche, Fisiche, Naturali Università di Pavia
Facoltà di
Our Research Labs
Optical Spectroscopy Lab
Laboratory of Nonlinear Optics and Ultrafast Spectroscopy (M. Malvezzi. Dip. Elettronica)
CILSOMAF Centro Interdipartimentale Laser,
Spettroscopia Ottica e Materiali per FotonicaCollaboration Dip. Fisica, Chimica Fisica, Chimica Generale, Elettronica Location: Area Cravino (clean room, chemistry labs, laser lab, optical spectroscopy lab, SEM lab) ... under construction
ScienzeScienze Matematiche, Fisiche, NaturaliMatematiche, Fisiche, Naturali Università di Pavia
Facoltà di
Our main Research activities
1. Growth and fabrication of nanostructured surfaces and interfaces
2. Investigation of the optical properties and optical Characterization at high resolution and sensitivity
3. Design and Modelling of materials structures and their optical properties ( then feedback to 1)
NoE PHOREMOSTNano Photonics to REalize MOlecular
Scale Technologies
www.phoremost.org
ScienzeScienze Matematiche, Fisiche, NaturaliMatematiche, Fisiche, Naturali Università di Pavia
Facoltà di
Why micro and nano-structures?
3D - Bulk 2D – QWell 1D - QWire 0D - QDot
ScienzeScienze Matematiche, Fisiche, NaturaliMatematiche, Fisiche, Naturali Università di Pavia
Facoltà di
Nanostructured surfaces and interfaces
Vollmer - Weber mode (nanoparticles)
Stranski - Krastanov mode (quantum dots)
Molecular Beam Epitaxy & Atomic Layer MBE
Opal sedimentation
Bottom-up...
Chemical Etching of waveguides
Lithography + Post-growth treatments
...or top-down?
Si
SiO2
Polystyrene opals
ScienzeScienze Matematiche, Fisiche, NaturaliMatematiche, Fisiche, Naturali Università di Pavia
Facoltà di
NPs :Vollmer - Weber mode
A BAB
Young Equation:
Growing layer wants to minimize interface energy and its own surface energy Layer “balls up” on the surface
Nucleation of heterogeneous systems : liquid A on a solid B
TEM image of Ga NPs in SiO2
Average radius from 2 to 50 nmSize dispersion 20%
= 0 < /2
=
A
BAB = A cos - B
D (nm)
ScienzeScienze Matematiche, Fisiche, NaturaliMatematiche, Fisiche, Naturali Università di Pavia
Facoltà di
QDs: Stranski-Krastanov mode
~ 2 ML of InAs on GaAs
Strain induced growth of pyramidal QDs
STM image
ScienzeScienze Matematiche, Fisiche, NaturaliMatematiche, Fisiche, Naturali Università di Pavia
Facoltà di
III-V devices: MBE & ALMBE
Artificial sArtificial strutruccturetures withs with sub- sub-micromicrometric periodicitymetric periodicity, , with with optical properties designed optical properties designed and tunable as a function of and tunable as a function of the sample parameters (lattice the sample parameters (lattice constant, strain, quantum constant, strain, quantum effects).effects).
Aim: Obtain particular device Aim: Obtain particular device performancesperformances
HRTEM of InGaAs/InP Multi Quantum Wells
ScienzeScienze Matematiche, Fisiche, NaturaliMatematiche, Fisiche, Naturali Università di Pavia
Facoltà di
Why optical spectroscopies?
Linear processes
+ Nonlinear ones
ScienzeScienze Matematiche, Fisiche, NaturaliMatematiche, Fisiche, Naturali Università di Pavia
Facoltà di
Linear optics for characterization
Optics and spectroscopy (0.1 – 500 m)
Reflectometry, ATR , -reflectometry
Ellipsometry
Raman and luminescence
Laser light scattering
Nonlinear optical response (time res)
Optical functions
Surface and interface properties: roughness, planarity, composition, porosity, long-range order, oxides, overlayers
Thicknesses up to 1 ML and NP dimensions
Alloy compositions, dopants and impurities (< 1013 cm-3)
Structural disorder
ScienzeScienze Matematiche, Fisiche, NaturaliMatematiche, Fisiche, Naturali Università di Pavia
Facoltà di
Nonlinear Optics
Spectra Physics system composed by a pump laser Millennia, Ti:sapphire oscillators Tsunami emitting 70/130 fs and 1-15 ps
pulses @ 780-820 nm,
fs Optical Parametric Oscillator tunable from 1400 to 1800 nm
Regenerative amplifier and OPA
SHG & THG,
Hyper Rayleigh scatteing
Pump & probe techs
ScienzeScienze Matematiche, Fisiche, NaturaliMatematiche, Fisiche, Naturali Università di Pavia
Facoltà di
Silicon: what is it?
Poly Si thin film
The intensity and the position of the E1 and E2 interband critical points depend on grain size and crystallinity
SpectroscopicEllipsometry
ScienzeScienze Matematiche, Fisiche, NaturaliMatematiche, Fisiche, Naturali Università di Pavia
Facoltà di
Photonic crystals & waveguides
The analog of electronic structures for light, allowing to control light
propagation and emission in 1, 2 or 3 dimensions
dispersion of photonic bandsPHOTONIC BAND GAP slowing down /superluminal propagation of light pulses zero-threshold laser?
0.0
0.5
1.0
= 2
= 2
= 2
= 1
= 1
= 1
= 1
TE, odd
X
Ene
rgy
(eV
)
ScienzeScienze Matematiche, Fisiche, NaturaliMatematiche, Fisiche, Naturali Università di Pavia
Facoltà di
Design and control the lattice strain effects for tuning the emission wavelength to 1.31 /
1.55 m (optoelectronics)
InAs/InGaAs QDots
ScienzeScienze Matematiche, Fisiche, NaturaliMatematiche, Fisiche, Naturali Università di Pavia
Facoltà di
SHG amplification by metal NP glasses
R = 20 nm
Tnl (
10-2
2 cm
2 /W)
Temperature (K)
Amplification by surface plasmon resonance@ solid-liquid phase transitions
25
50
75
100
300
400
500
600
0
0.02
0.04
0.06
25
50
75
100
300
400
500
600
2550
75100
0
1
2
R
R (nm)
(nm)
Tnl(a.u.) Hyper-
Rayleigh Scattering by metal nanoparticle solutions