Scientific MethodThe scientific method is the

process that scientists follow when doing

experiments.

Steps of the Scientific Method

1. Question2. Research (Observation)3. Hypothesis (Inference)4. Variable and Controls5. Experiment6. Results (Evidence)7. C.E.R. (Valid Conclusion)

Variable

• The ONE (1) thing you are testing in an experiment.

• Only ONE variable per experiment.

• Only thing you change in an experiment.

Controls

• These are all the things that you keep the same in an experiment in order for it to be fair.

• You can have many controls.

• We keep controls the same so the experiment is fair.

Examples….

• Which type of floor cleaners works the best?

• What materials would be the warmest to make gloves from?

• Which type of cup would keep hot water warmer longer?

What types of energy do we use to make electricity?

Coal

Petroleum Oil

Natural Gas

Solar

Wind

Hydro

Geothermal

Propane gas

Types of Energies

• We can always get these energies. We will never run out.

• Solar energy• Wind energy• Hydro energy• Geothermal energy

• Once we run out, we can never get these energies back in our lifetime.

• Petroleum oil energy• Coal energy• Natural gas energy• Propane gas energy

Renewable Energies Nonrenewable Energies

Fossil Fuels (nonrenewable energy)• takes millions of years to form (make)

• animals and plants die and are buried under layers of sedimentary rock

• Types of fossil fuels:– coal– natural gas– petroleum oil– propane gas

What is so bad about fossil fuels?• Nonrenewable (takes millions of years to make)

• Cause massive amounts of pollution

• Very expensive to get out of the ground ($ and people wise….miners die)