Download - Science Forum Day 3 - Zainul Abedin - Integrating fish in rice-based farming systems in Bangladesh
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Integrating fish in rice-based farming systems in Bangladesh
M. Zainul Abedin and S.M.A. SattarIRRI Bangladesh Office
July 2011
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Rice and Fish had been and are integrated
on the plates
and
In the rice fields …. Since ????
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INTEGRATED RICE+FISH – PULSES+LIVESTOCK SYSTEM
Plankton growth
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Natural rice-fish cultureIs Threatened by:
High population pressure – demand for more - over harvesting -Decreasing stocks of natural (wild) fish
“Green revolution and “development” initiatives saw changing land use patterns indiscriminate use of pesticides interference with natural breeding and feeding grounds
– sluices, roads, etc.
Drying up river systems and water bodies
LACK OF TECHNOLOGIES TO COPE UP WITH THE CHANGING CIRCUMSTANCES AND INCREASING DEMANDS
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? Where is FISH???
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Research and development of rice fish culture in Bangladesh
Organizations involved:• BFRI, BRRI, Universities, Deptt. of Fisheries NGOS, WFC, IRRI
CONCURRENT AND SEQUENTIAL RICE AND FISH BASED FARMING SYSTEMS
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Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Wet season Dry season
Gher preparation
• Water depth- 60-80 cm• Single stocking:
@ 3-5/m²• Yield: 350-550 kg/ha• NR: 0.75-1.00 lakh/ha (1:1.9)
Golda GIFT
5,000-10,000/ha at 1:1 ratio
Yield:• Rice: 4-5 t/ha.• Fish: 200-250 kg/ha• Prawn: 70-90 kg/ha
Seedling
Bagda Rice
Improved rice (aman)-shrimp system
HYVs: BR 23/40/41
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June July August0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
68,337a
48,908b
43,160b
PrawnGIFTRice
Prawn stocking time
Ne
t re
turn
('0
00
Tk
./ha
)
Control15,690
About 369-584% higher return than in mono-cultivation of commonly practiced rice varieties
Stocking of prawn PL into shrimp ponds 60 days in advance of rice plantation resulted in 158% higher net return
Results (economic return
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Benefits of integrating fish with deep water rice
Area Technical option
Stocking density
Recov. rate (%)
Yield (kg/ha)
Net return from fish (Tk./ha)
K. Char Alternate 8,200 44 1,165 22,260
B. baria Alternate 12,500 22 1,559 35,940
Narail Concurrent 13,500 22 614 13,200
Mymensingh
Concurrent 9,500 32 617 8,280
Data from BFRI
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Benefits of integrating fish with rice
• 67% fields with fish gave 13% higher rice yield
• 82% fields with fish had less weed • Evidence of reduced pests in rice• Evidence of increased soil organic matter
content• Reduced need for fertilizer in rice
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Potential in Bangladesh
Fish in rice-based ag system can enhance income at a higher rate than crops alone can
thereby can reduce poverty, malnutrition and vulnerability- Generate employment opportunities
Total rice area about 10.8 m ha
About 7 m ha where water stays for 4-6 months
~ 3 m ha boro fields ~ 1.40 m ha floating rice fields~ 3 m ha t. aman fields (including
coastal area
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ConstraintsTechnological Limited technological options for various ecosystems,
resource base and risks Pests & diseases Lack of technical knowledge
Institutional and governance No easy access to seed & other inputs Inadequate service centers Inadequate training facility Indiscriminate structures disregarding impact on fisheries Tenurial rights
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ConstraintsSocioeconomic Labor shortages Lack access to capital Risk of fish protection Lack of Access to Market
Environmental• Flooding, Drought, and impact of climate change
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Recommendations
• Look at system productivity and economic gains• Strengthen understanding of the current
conditions and long term projections• Strengthen research and development –
community participatory• Develop Community-based entrepreneurships • Build up on successes and local knowledge• Lobby for Policy tools for governance – equity,
access to factor and product markets, tenurial rights particularly for fishing in large water bodies
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THANKS