Download - Sci. 5-1 Rocket Science Pages 128-131. A. Rocket- a machine that uses escaping gas to move
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Sci. 5-1 Rocket SciencePages 128-131
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A. Rocket- a machine that uses escaping gas to move
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B Konstantin Tsiolkovsky (Russian High School Teacher)- is considered the Father of Rocket Theory.
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1) Tsiolkovsky explained how rockets work. He never built any rockets.
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C. Robert Goddard (American Physicist) – known as the Father of Modern Rocketry
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1) Goddard tested more than 150 rocket engines.
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D. During WWII, German Wernher Von Braun designed the V-2 rocket for the German military.
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1) In 1945, Von Braun and 127 of the best German rockets scientists surrendered to the Americans making the USA rocket research boom in 1950.
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E. NASA- National Aeronautics and Space Administration was formed in 1958 because Americans feared that the Soviet Union would be superior in space.
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1) NASA combined all the separate rocket development teams in the USA and developed a series of rockets.
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F. Rockets work according to Newton’s Third Law of Motion- for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.
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G. Thrust- is the force that accelerates a rocket
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H. Combustion- all rockets have combustion chambers where the hot gas is under very high pressure
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I. The force of exiting gas out of the bottom of the rocket must be greater than the weight of the rocket if the rocket is going to move skyward.
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J. Orbital Velocity- is the speed and direction a rocket must have in order to orbit the Earth
1) Lowest possible speed a rocket may go and still orbit Earth is about 8 km/s
2) If the rocket goes slower, it will fall back to Earth
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K. Escape Velocity- the speed and direction a rocket must travel to completely break away from a planet’s gravitational pull (11km/s).
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L. Oxygen must be present to burn a rocket’s fuel. Rockets must carry oxygen with them if traveling in space.