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Chapter 7
Writing Reference: History, Culture, Media
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7 Chapter Contents Past and Decision Making 113
Media and Hero 112
Government and Funding of Arts 113
IssueTopic75 Society Role Model 112 City and Cultural Traditions 113
Major Cities and Society Features 112
Personal Identity and Social Groups 113
Trends of the Youth 112
IssueTopic80 Funding of Arts and Its Integrity 113 Art and Understandability 112
Individuals Greatness J udgment 113
Benefits of History Study 112
Historical Buildings Protection 113
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Issue Topic
72Past and Decision Making
Revised GRE Issue
74 133 134Old GRE Issue
54 103 120 125 189
Writing Reference
Ref-167Ref-166 Ref-125Ref-126
Issue Topic Analysis
Revised
GRE Issue074
74Knowing about the past cannot help people to make important decisions today.Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the statement and explain yourreasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should consider ways in which the
statement might or might not hold true and explain how these considerations shape your position.
RevisedGRE Issue 133
133Claim: Know ing about the past cannot help people to make important decisions today.
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Reason: The world today is significantly more complex than it was even in the relatively recent past.
Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the claim and the reason on which that
claim is based.
Revised
GRE Issue
134 134Claim: Know ing about the past cannot help people to make important decisions today.
Reason: We are not able to make connections between current events and past events until we have some distancefrom both.
Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the claim and the reason on which that
claim is based.
GRE ISSUE
54History teaches us only one thing: knowing about the past cannot help people to make important decisions today.
103The study of history has value only to the extent that it is relevant to our daily lives.
120So much is new and complex today that looking back for an understanding of the past provides little guidance for
living in the present.
125The past is no predictor of the future.
189If people disregard the great works of the past, it is because these works no longer answer the needs of the
present.
Your Thesis and Supporting Statements
Your Thesis
Your Supporting Statement 1
Your Supporting Statement 2
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Your Supporting Statement 3
Issue Topic
73 Media and Hero
Revised GRE Issue
44 75 84Old GRE Issue
161
Writing Reference
Ref-184Ref-183Ref-181Ref-143 Ref-182
Ref-180
Issue Topic Analysis
imagined community
......
RevisedGRE Issue 044
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44Claim: It is no longer possible for a society to regard any living man or woman as a hero.Reason: The reputation o f anyone who is subjected to media scrutiny wi ll eventually be diminished.
Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the claim and the reason on which that
claim is based.
RevisedGRE Issue 075 75In this age of intensive media coverage, it is no longer possib le for a society to regard any living man or
woman as a hero.
Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the statement and explain yourreasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should consider ways in which the
statement might or might not hold true and explain how these considerations shape your position.
RevisedGRE Issue 084
84It is no longer possib le for a society to regard any living man or woman as a hero. Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the claim. In developing and supportingyour position, be sure to address the most compelling reasons and/or examples that could be used to challenge your position.
GRE ISSUE
161In this age of intensive media coverage, it is no longer possible for a society to regard any woman or man as a
hero. The reputation of anyone who is subjected to media scrutiny will eventually be diminished.
Your Thesis and Supporting Statements
Your Thesis
Your Supporting Statement 1
Your Supporting Statement 2
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Your Supporting Statement 3
Issue Topic
74Government and Funding of Arts
Revised GRE Issue
80 88Old GRE Issue
190
Writing Reference Ref-188Ref-190 Ref-186 Ref-185
Issue Topic Analysis
RevisedGRE Issue 080
80Nations should suspend government funding for the arts when significant numbers of their citi zens arehungry or unemployed.
Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the recommendation and explain your
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reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, describe specific circumstances in whichadopting the recommendation would or would not be advantageous and explain how these examples shape your position.
RevisedGRE Issue 088
88Claim: Nations should suspend government funding for the arts when significant numbers of theircitizens are hungry or unemployed.
Reason: It is inappropriateand, perhaps, even cruelto use public resources to fund the arts when people's basicneeds are not being met.
Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the claim and the reason on which that
claim is based.
GRE ISSUE
190As long as people in a society are hungry or out of work or lack the basic skills needed to survive, the use of
public resources to support the arts is inappropriate-and, perhaps, even cruel-when one considers all the potential uses ofsuch money.
Your Thesis and Supporting Statements
Your Thesis
Your Supporting Statement 1
Your Supporting Statement 2
Your Supporting Statement 3
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Issue Topic
75Society Role Model
Revised GRE Issue 22 122 Old GRE Issue
48 203
Writing Reference
Ref-184Ref-157
Issue Topic Analysis
RevisedGRE Issue 022
22Claim: The best way to understand the character of a society is to examine the character of the men andwomen that the society chooses as its heroes or i ts role models.
Reason: Heroes and role models reveal a society's highest ideals.
Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the claim and the reason on which that
claim is based.
RevisedGRE Issue 122
122The best way to understand the character of a society is to examine the character of the men and womenthat the society chooses as its heroes or i ts role models.
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Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the claim. In developing and supportingyour position, be sure to address the most compelling reasons and/or examples that could be used to challenge your position.
GRE ISSUE
48The study of history places too much emphasis on individuals. The most significant events and trends in historywere made possible not by the famous few, but by groups of people whose identities have long been forgotten.
203The best way to understand the character of a society is to examine the character of the men and women that
the society chooses as its heroes or its heroines.
Your Thesis and Supporting Statements
Your Thesis
Your Supporting Statement 1
Your Supporting Statement 2
Your Supporting Statement 3
Issue Topic
76 City and Cultural Traditions
Revised GRE Issue
5 117Old GRE Issue
10
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Writing Reference
Ref-178Ref-179Ref-107Ref-172
Ref-168
Issue Topic Analysis
Revised
GRE Issue
005 5Claim: Governments must ensure that their major cities receive the financial support they need in order to
thrive.
Reason: It is primarily in cities that a nation's cultural traditions are preserved and generated.
Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the claim and the reason on which that
claim is based.
RevisedGRE Issue 117
117It is primarily in cities that a nation's cultural traditions are generated and preserved. Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the statement and explain yourreasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should consider ways in which the
statement might or might not hold true and explain how these considerations shape your position.
GRE ISSUE
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10Governments must ensure that their major cities receive the financial support they need in order to thrive,
because it is primarily in cities that a nation's cultural traditions are preserved and generated.
Your Thesis and Supporting Statements
Your Thesis
Your Supporting Statement 1
Your Supporting Statement 2
Your Supporting Statement 3
Issue Topic
77Major Cities and Society Features
Revised GRE Issue
2 Old GRE Issue
72
Writing Reference
Ref-178Ref-179Ref-107Ref-172
Ref-168
Issue Topic Analysis
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RevisedGRE Issue 002
2To understand the most impor tant characteristics of a society, one must study its major cities. Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the statement and explain yourreasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should consider ways in which the
statement might or might not hold true and explain how these considerations shape your position.
GRE ISSUE
72One can best understand the most important characteristics of a society by studying its major cities.
Your Thesis and Supporting Statements
Your Thesis
Your Supporting Statement 1
Your Supporting Statement 2
Your Supporting Statement 3
Issue Topic
78Personal Identity and Social Groups
Revised GRE Issue
38
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Old GRE Issue
113
Writing Reference
Ref-176Ref-172Ref-162Ref-177
Ref-139Ref-173 Ref-174
Issue Topic Analysis
RevisedGRE Issue 038
38It is primarily through our identification with social groups that we define ourselves.Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the statement and explain yourreasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should consider ways in which the
statement might or might not hold true and explain how these considerations shape your position.
GRE ISSUE
113It is primarily through our identification with social groups that we define ourselves.
Your Thesis and Supporting Statements
Your Thesis
Your Supporting Statement 1
Your Supporting Statement 2
Your Supporting Statement 3
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Issue Topic
79 Trends of the YouthRevised GRE Issue 77Old GRE Issue
6
Writing Reference
Ref-109 Ref-175 Ref-172 Ref-170
Ref-157
Issue Topic Analysis
RevisedGRE Issue 077
77The most effective way to understand contemporary culture is to analyze the trends of i ts youth. Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the statement and explain yourreasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should consider ways in which the
statement might or might not hold true and explain how these considerations shape your position.
GRE ISSUE
6 The most effective way to understand contemporary culture is to analyze the trends of its youth.
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Your Thesis and Supporting Statements
Your Thesis
Your Supporting Statement 1
Your Supporting Statement 2
Your Supporting Statement 3
Issue Topic
80Funding of Arts and Its Integrity
Revised GRE Issue
7 Old GRE Issue
85 101
Writing Reference
Ref-187Ref-188Ref-190Ref-186
Ref-189
Issue Topic Analysis
Leni Riefenstahl
RevisedGRE Issue 007
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7Some people believe that government funding of the arts is necessary to ensure that the arts can flourishand be available to all people. Others believe that government funding of the arts threatens the integrity of the arts.
Write a response in which you discuss which view more closely aligns with your own position and explain your reasoning for
the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should address both of the views presented.
GRE ISSUE
85Government funding of the arts threatens the integrity of the arts.
101Governments should provide funding for artists so that the arts can flourish and be available to all people.
Your Thesis and Supporting Statements
Your Thesis
Your Supporting Statement 1
Your Supporting Statement 2
Your Supporting Statement 3
Issue Topic
81Art and Understandability
Revised GRE Issue 55
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Old GRE Issue
218
Writing Reference
Ref-190Ref-186Ref-189Ref-187
Issue Topic Analysis
RevisedGRE Issue 055
55In order for any work of artfor example, a film, a novel, a poem, or a songto have merit, it must beunderstandable to most people.
Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the statement and explain yourreasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should consider ways in which the
statement might or might not hold true and explain how these considerations shape your position.
GRE ISSUE
218In order for any work of art-whether film, literature, sculpture, or a song-to have merit, it must be understandable
to most people.
Your Thesis and Supporting Statements
Your Thesis
Your Supporting Statement 1
Your Supporting Statement 2
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Your Supporting Statement 3
Issue Topic
82 Individuals Greatness J udgment
Revised GRE Issue
41Old GRE Issue
36 241
Writing Reference
Ref-189 Ref-166 Ref-167 Ref-184
Ref-169
Issue Topic Analysis
RevisedGRE Issue 041
41 The greatness of individuals can be decided only by those who live after them, not by theircontemporaries.
Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the statement and explain yourreasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should consider ways in which the
statement might or might not hold true and explain how these considerations shape your position.
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GRE ISSUE
36The greatness of individuals can be decided only by those who live after them, not by their contemporaries.
241 An individual's greatness cannot be judged objectively by his or her contemporaries; the most objective
evaluators of a person's greatness are people who belong to a later time.
Your Thesis and Supporting Statements
Your Thesis
Your Supporting Statement 1
Your Supporting Statement 2
Your Supporting Statement 3
Issue Topic
83Benefits of History Study
Revised GRE Issue
57Old GRE Issue
221
Writing Reference
Ref-167Ref-166
Issue Topic Analysis
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RevisedGRE Issue 057
57The main benefit of the study of hi story is to dispel the illusion that people living now are significantlydifferent from people who lived in earlier times.
Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the statement and explain yourreasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should consider ways in which the
statement might or might not hold true and explain how these considerations shape your position.
GRE ISSUE
221The chief benefit of the study of history is to break down the illusion that people in one period of time are
significantly different from people who lived at any other time in history.
Your Thesis and Supporting Statements
Your Thesis
Your Supporting Statement 1
Your Supporting Statement 2
Your Supporting Statement 3
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Issue Topic
84Historical Buildings Protection
Revised GRE Issue 119Old GRE Issue
26
Writing Reference
Ref-168Ref-107Ref-166
Issue Topic Analysis
1964
RevisedGRE Issue 119
119When old buildings stand on ground that modern planners feel could be better used for modernpurposes, modern development should be given precedence over the preservation of hi storic bu ildings.
Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the statement and explain yourreasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should consider ways in which the
statement might or might not hold true and explain how these considerations shape your position.
GRE ISSUE
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26Most people would agree that building represent a valuable record of any society's past, but controversy arises
when old buildings stand on ground that modern planners feel could be better used for modern purposes. In such situations,modern development should be given precedence over the preservation of historic buildings so that contemporary needs canbe served.