Download - SAFETY IN AIRLINES HARPREET A DE SINGH
SAFETY IN AIRLINES
HARPREET A DE SINGH
HEAD – CORPORATE QUALITY, SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
25 Oct 2013
Concept of safety
What is safetyWhat is safety
• Zero accidents (or serious incidents)?Zero accidents (or serious incidents)?
• Freedom from danger or risks?Freedom from danger or risks?
• Error avoidanceError avoidance
• Regulatory compliance?Regulatory compliance?
• … … ??
Board of Directors
Chairman and Managing Director
Joint Managing Director
Executive Directors /Departmental Heads
Functional Directors CVO
ORGANISATION
Accountable Manager
• Allocation of Resources
• Financial Control
• Post Holders
ORGANISATION CHARTORGANISATION CHART
Regular DGCA oversightRegular Flight Safety oversight
Regular QMS oversight
AIR INDIA -ENGINEERING
• FAA certified
• EASA certified
AIR INDIA -ENGINEERING
• FAA certified ( Engine Overhaul,
Accessories Overhaul )
• EASA certified ( Engine Overhaul,
Accessories Overhaul,Electronic Workshop )
• Line Maintenance (Singapore, Qatar, Kuwait)
Boeing
AIR INDIA -ENGINEERING
• FAA certified ( Jet Engine Overhaul,
JEOC)
• EASA certified ( Jet Engine Overhaul, JEOC)
• Line Maintenance (Sri Lanka, Singapore, Qatar,
Gulf, Jordan)
Airbus
AIR INDIA -SECURITY
• ISO certified
• BCAS certified
QMS
QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
• Quality Management System (QMS) ensures continued suitability, adequacy and effectiveness of the entire organisation .
– To maintain an effective SMS and QMS complying with international standards and regulatory requirements.
– To ensure compliance with relevant statutory, quality, safety and security requirements (ICAO, DGCA, IOSA,ISAGO, EASA, FAA & all external / internal audits).
– Organisational and Operational Risk Management
– Quality and Safety Assurance Programme (Through Internal & External audits)
– Emergency Response, etc.
IOSA
FIRST– IOSA / ISAGO / E IOSA
• One of the first few airlines in the world and first in India to clear IOSA• First and only airline in India with ISAGO ( IATA Safety Audit for Ground Operations)• QMS Auditors represent IATA to audit ground service providers, as part of ISAGO Audit Pool, including those outside India
• ENHANCED IOSA• First Airline in the world to voluntarily get audited for E IOSA with new standards effective Sept 01, 2013, although mandatory from 2015 only• Cleared renewal IOSA on Sept 6, 2013 with zero findings
AIR INDIA QMS recently awarded International Quality Summit
Award(London) – 2012
International Quality Award to QMS (Geneva) 2013
QUALITY AWARDS
SMS
FLIGHT SAFETY
• Independent Department• Incident and Accident Prevention• Investigation• FOQA Analysis and DFDR Monitoring• Counselling• Trend Analysis• Safety Promotion
• SMS – Safety Risk Assessment, Hazard Analysis, Proactive and reactive, Risk Mitigation through a just culture
SMS CAR IMPLEMENTATION INVOLVES 4 PHASES( AUTH CAR SEC1, Sec C, PART I, DT 20th July 2010)
PHASE 1: +120 DAYS
PHASE 2: +1 YEAR Documentation & Implementation
PHASE 3: +2 YEAR Proactive & Reactive Hazard identification
PHASE 4 +3 YEARS Training, Quality assurance, ERP
AIR INDIA MEETS ALL BASELINE SMS REQUIREMENTS
CAR PHASE WISE IMPLEMENTATION PLAN
ICAO and DGCA
SMS Organisation and relationships
Air India’ssafety
Programme(Corporate SMS)
AOP HoldersSafety
Management System (SMS)
AOP HOLDERSOPERATION
Objective:Public safetySafety policy & objectivesOrg. Safety Risk
Objective:Manage and controlOperational safety risk
AcceptanceOversight
Objective:Achieve commercialgoals andcustomer satisfactionRisk management
Safety assuranceSafety Promotion
Protection Production
Oversight - QMS(Quality and Safety assurance)
AIR INDIA LIMITED
CORPORATE
SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS MANUAL
SMS – Results in design and implementation of organizational processes and procedures to identify hazards and control / mitigate risks in aviation operation
QMS techniques provide a structured process for ensuring that these processes and procedures achieve their intended objectives and where they fail short to improve them.
OPERATIONS POLICY, MISSION AND
GOALS
The Airline Operations Policy and Mission is:
• Safety • On Time Performance • Courtesy• Passenger Comfort• Economy
TRAINING• Pilots• Flight Despatchers• Cabin Crew ( Safety training )
• Engineers• Technical Officers
• Ground Handling and Ramp Personnel• Cargo Personnel
• Load and Trim Staff• Security Staff
• Flight Safety• QMS
SAFETY IS THROUGH
• Training of cockpit crew• SEP training of cabin crew
• Use of modern full flight simulator
• Periodical proficiency checks
• Medical examination • Annual ground technical and flight safety
refreshers
• Sound operating policies
PROFICIENCY CHECKS - FLIGHT CREW
As per DGCA requirements, the pilots are required to undergo following mandatory proficiency checks annually (per year) for keeping their licences current:
a) 2 Licence Renewal Local Checks b) 1 Instrument Rating Check c) 2 Licence Renewal Route Checks
In addition to the above, pilots are required to undergo mandatory Ground Technical Refresher, Flight Safety Refresher and performance refresher on the type of aircraft once in a year and Dangerous Goods Refresher once in two years.
Based on DGCA approved syllabus.
• fully equipped classrooms and briefing rooms,
• training aids available:
1. Cockpit Procedure Trainer2. Simulators (B747-400, B777-300ER, B737-800, B787, A320)3. Safety & Emergency Procedures Mock-up4. Boeing 747 Door Trainer5. CBT - Work Stations6. Training Library7. TV/VCR, Video Cassettes & Films8. LCD Multimedia Projectors, Ceiling Mounts for Projectors with Drop Down Screens
TRAINING & FACILITIES
FUNCTIONS - TRAINING
• SAFETY through formulation of flight proficiency standards
• Adherence to requirements of DGCA
• Training of pilots, flight despatchers and cabin crew
• Training of Trainers - Check pilots / Instructors /Examiners - Operations Training Instructors ( Navigation) - Ground Technical Instructors
FUNCTIONS – TRAINING
• Maintaining records of all licences / validity
• Simulators and their maintenance
• Medical Coordination
• Corrective training based on Air Safety and DGCA audits and reports
TRAINING PERSONNEL
Examiners Instructors Check pilots Synthetic flight instructors Ground training instructors
Ground technical instructors Operations training instructors
AB-INITIO TRAINING OF PILOTSAB-INITIO TRAINING OF PILOTS
ORIENTATION COURSE FOR AB-INITIO PILOTSDuration - 6 to 8 weeksSubjects covered are :
Organisation of the Company
NavigationAir Regulations Jet OrientationGeneral
Performance
• Meteorology• Principles of
flight & Engines• Jeppesen• Flight Planning• Human Factors • C R M
AB-INITIO TRAINING OF PILOTSAB-INITIO TRAINING OF PILOTS
• Aircraft Specific Ground Training• Simulator Training• Aircraft Training for endorsement of Licence• Aircraft Route Training prior to release to operate
independently.
SPECIALIZED OPERATIONAL TRAININGSPECIALIZED OPERATIONAL TRAINING
MNPS Training RVSM Training ETOPS Training TCAS Training RNAV/ PBN Training Dangerous Goods
Training
Category II / III Training
LTOM Training Fuel Management
Training EGPWS Training Flight Planning Human Factors &
CRM Training
SPECIALIZED OPERATIONAL TRAININGSPECIALIZED OPERATIONAL TRAINING
ALAR Training Security Training Jeppessen Charts
Training FMS/IRS Training Air Regulations/
Operations Manual
Special Nav Ops Training
Train the Trainer Workshop
Adverse Weather Weight & Balance
Training
These trainings are also conducted as refreshers annually.
CRM TRAININGCRM TRAINING
This training is conducted for :• Flight Crew• Cabin Crew• Flight Despatchers
It is an integral part of classroom, simulator, refresher and command training.
HUMAN FACTORS Training – all operational, engineering and ground handling personnel
REFRESHERSREFRESHERS
All flight crew are required to undergo the following refreshers once a year :
• Ground Training Refresher/ Test• Flight Safety Refresher/ Test
CABIN ATTENDANT TRAININGCABIN ATTENDANT TRAINING
Emergency Duty / Flight Safety Training First Aid Course Dangerous Goods Training Human Factors and CRM Training Refresher Training - once a year Dangerous goods and wet drill - once in 2 years
DGCA Approval
FLIGHT DESPATCHER TRAININGFLIGHT DESPATCHER TRAINING
Basic Indoctrination Training Initial Training Conversion Training Human Factors and CRM Training Refresher Training - once every 2 years
DGCA approval
TRAININGTRAINING
AME Basic Indoctrination Training Initial Training Conversion Training Human Factors and CRM Training Refresher Training - once every 2 years
DGCA approval
The essential is invisible to the eyes
Number of occurrences
1 – 5 AccidentsAccidents
30 – 100 Serious incidentsSerious incidents
100 – 1000 IncidentsIncidents
1000 – 4000Latent conditionsLatent conditions
SafetySafety
Traditional approach – Accident preventionTraditional approach – Accident prevention Focus on outcomes (causes)Focus on outcomes (causes) Unsafe acts by operational personnelUnsafe acts by operational personnel Attach blame/punish for failures to “perform safely”Attach blame/punish for failures to “perform safely” Address identified safety concern exclusivelyAddress identified safety concern exclusively Identifies:Identifies:
WHAT?WHAT? WHO?WHO? WHEN?WHEN?
WHY?WHY? HOW?HOW?
But not always discloses:But not always discloses:
Modern Approach - Consider the WHY and HOW also and adopt SMS
Thank You and have a good day!!
AIR INDIA is fully committed to Safety