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Safe Lifting is Not an Accident
Kansas State University
Division of Public Safety
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Objectives for Today
• Lever Arms and Lifting
• Basic understanding of the spinal column
• Functions of the disc
• Bending – Twisting – Loading
• Keys to safe lifting
• Get a grip!!!
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Injury in the making
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How to Injure Yourself
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Cumulative Trauma
• Daily stress to the body
• When exposed to high risk activities
• If stress > bodies ability to recover
• Result is inflammation
• Long term exposure = cumulative trauma
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Cumulative Trauma Risk Factors
• Repetition
• Forceful exertion
• Awkward and/or sustained postures
• Mechanical Stress
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The goal of ergonomics is to make an activity easy and safe to perform.
The Bottom Line
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We need your help
• Prevention • Early Intervention • Training • Implementation • Eyes on the floor • Feedback
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Level Arms & Lifting
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Low Back Pain
• Review of the anatomy – normal curves – bony columns – function of the disc – spinal cord & nerve roots – degenerative issues
• Maintain the balance
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Normal Curves of the Spine
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The Spine & Nerve Roots
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Columns of Support • Posterior column of support
– made up of the facet column – very stable – reflects an upright posture
• Anterior column of support – made up of body of vertebra and the disc – less stable – reflects a flexed posture
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The Disc & Never Root
• The disc is the shock absorber of the spine
• 85% water at the age of 15
• 25% water at the age of 75
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Degenerative Disc
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The Mechanics of Forward Bending
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Forward Bending
• Too much spinal flexion
– loads the anterior column of support
– places the posterior wall of the disc at risk
– has the potential for nerve root compromise
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Bulging Disc
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Herniated Disc
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The Issue of Flexion • Avoid excessive flexion of the spine
• Flexed postures increases your risk of disc and nerve root involvement
• Maintain up-right postures - not back bends...
• Think posture
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Safe Lifting
• Up-right neutral posture
• Posterior column of support
• Stable = less risk of injury
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Avoid Twisting
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Disc Pressure
• Lying flat: disc pressure equals 25 psi
• Standing: disc pressure equals 100 psi
• Sitting erect: disc pressure equals 100 psi
• Sitting slouched: pressure equals 150-175 psi
• Lifting 25# box from the floor in a flexed posture: disc pressure equals > 400 psi
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Balance the Curves
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Work Smart-Not Hard…
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Test Your Loads- Seek Help
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Consider Different Choices
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Having a Bad Day???
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Safe-Lifting is Not an Accident
• Avoid spinal flexion
• Avoid twisting
• Avoid increasing disc pressure
• Avoid reaching
• Maintain up-right neutral postures
• Hips = shoulders
• Elbows at your sides
• Keep the load close to your body
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Get a Grip…
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Anatomy of a Tendon
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Tendonitis
• Tendon function: transmit force from muscle to bone
• Micro tears of tendon occur daily
• Typically repair themselves
• With repeated loading repair is not adequate
• Pain / Inflammation
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Influences on Your Grip • Required physical effort
– Type of grip – Object weight – Distribution of weight – Object dimension – Required posture – Duration of effort
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Pinch and Posting Grip
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Getting a Grip in 110
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DeQuervain’s Syndrome
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Balance the Load
A More Appropriate “C” Grip
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So, How Strong are you?
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We’ve Been Here Before • Prevention is the key
• Early intervention
• Keep it simple ….. We will get to difficult
• Think neutral postures
• Decrease heights
• Shorten “lever arms”
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In Closing… Where do we go?
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Slow Down
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Stop and assess the situation
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Don’t be afraid to get some help
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Listen and pay attention