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Teachingenglish-TKT Essentials
Learnercharacteristics
Moscow-2009
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Learning Outcomes
By the end of this session participants will be able to:
Distinguish learning styles
Explain vocabulary learning strategies
Relate age differences to learning
preferences
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Content:
1 Learner differences2 Learning styles
3 Learning strategies
4 Age-related learner differences
5 Planning lessons for learners preferred
learning styles
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Learner differencesTask: complete the table with the correct example and check your
answers with a partner
Learner difference Example
Age d) How old is learner?
Level f) e.g. Beginner, elementary, intermediate,advanced
Personality b) e.g. quiet, shy, sociable
Learning style e) How the learner likes to learn
Learning strategies a) The ways a learner uses to learn
Motivation g) How interested is s/he in learning
Past learning experience c) Has s/he learned English before?
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Types of learning stylesThe four modalities*
(originates from the work of Drs Bandler, R.and Grinder, J. in the Fieldof Neuro-Linguistic programming)
Visual ( seeing)
Auditory ( hearing)
Kinaesthetic (moving)
Tactile ( touching)*
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Learning styles*
Put each c haracter ist ic into on e of the circles.
Auditory
Visual
Kinaesthetic
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Learning styles
Visual Likes looking at pictures
Remembers things by how they
appeared on the page Likes organising things into lists
Looks at the teachers faceintently*
Recognizes words by sight*
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Learning styles
Auditory Likes dialogues
(discussions, plays etc.)
Uses sounds and rhythm* tohelp remember
Likes to talk about things
Likes the teacher to provideverbal instructions
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Learning styles
Kinaesthetic
Cant sit still for long
Needs to be active ( as a
memory aid*)
Likes activities where
they move around
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Learning styles*
Field-independent vs. Field- dependent Left-brain dominated vs. right-braindominated
McCarthys four learning styles
- Innovative- Analytic
- Common
- Dynamic
for more info:
http://www.teachingenglish.org.uk/think/articles/learning-styles-teaching
http://www.teachingenglish.org.uk/think/articles/learning-styles-teachinghttp://www.teachingenglish.org.uk/think/articles/learning-styles-teachinghttp://www.teachingenglish.org.uk/think/articles/learning-styles-teachinghttp://www.teachingenglish.org.uk/think/articles/learning-styles-teachinghttp://www.teachingenglish.org.uk/think/articles/learning-styles-teachinghttp://www.teachingenglish.org.uk/think/articles/learning-styles-teaching -
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Learning Strategies
What are learn ing s trateg ies?- Techniques which are used by good language learners,
e.g., to help them understand new input,
remember vocabulary,
communicate effectively etc.
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Learning Strategies
Metacognitive( knowing about knowing)
are used to shape and
control learning- Planning learning
- Reviewing work
- Assessing ones own
performance
- Forming hypotheses
Cognitive(are task specific)
- Classifying
- Matching
- Predicting
- Sequencing
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Brainstorm all the ways you can think for
learning vocabulary. Think about the way
you learn new words how do you learn
them? Write your ideas into the thoughtbubbles.
Learning Strategies
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Read words aloud and associate the sounds with words which have
similar sounds Look at the word on context to understand the meaning and seewhat kinds words it s used with
Define parts of speech and see if this is changeable
Keep a vocabulary notebook with sound ,context, synonyms,antonyms etc.
Organising the entries in the vocabulary notebook according to asystem e.g. alphabetical, according to topic, coursebook unit etc
Use dictionaries to find out as much as you can about the word
Draw illustrations
Write dialogues or stories
Write examples of how the word can be used in different contexts
Travel with the vocabulary notebook, review on the way to school etc.
Record words onto mp3\ cassette and listen
Test yourself regularly
Learning Strategies
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Age-related learner differencesDiscu ss the fo l lowing s tatements. Do you associate them withch i ldren, teenagers, adults, with tw o of g roup s or al l groups?
Sometimes have short attention spans
Motivated to learn for career reasons
Need to have routines
Cognitive skills are usually well developed
Discipline problems usually not an issue Like to do activities involving movement
May be shyer\ more reluctant to speak
Able to concentrate for long periods
Respond well to project work related to personal inerests
Motor skills not fully developed May find it hard to keep still
May be subject to mood changes
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Previous language learning
experience
Group discuss ion
What things did your teachers do that you
found helpful helpful \ unhelpful?
How do the effects of past experience
influence learners( their styles, motivation
and attitudes)?
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Planning lessons for learners
preferred learning stylesLook at the act iv i t ies and say whichlearning sty le they wou ld sui t .Remember that some act iv i t ies can sui tmore than one learning s tyle.
Choose from these learning s tyles
visual aud i tory kinaesthet ic
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Questionnaires on learning styles
http://www4.ncsu.edu/unity/lockers/users/f/
felder/public/ILSpage.html
http://www.vark-
learn.com/english/page.asp?p=questionna
ire
http://www4.ncsu.edu/unity/lockers/users/f/felder/public/ILSpage.htmlhttp://www4.ncsu.edu/unity/lockers/users/f/felder/public/ILSpage.htmlhttp://www.vark-learn.com/english/page.asp?p=questionnairehttp://www.vark-learn.com/english/page.asp?p=questionnairehttp://www.vark-learn.com/english/page.asp?p=questionnairehttp://www.vark-learn.com/english/page.asp?p=questionnairehttp://www.vark-learn.com/english/page.asp?p=questionnairehttp://www.vark-learn.com/english/page.asp?p=questionnairehttp://www.vark-learn.com/english/page.asp?p=questionnairehttp://www4.ncsu.edu/unity/lockers/users/f/felder/public/ILSpage.htmlhttp://www4.ncsu.edu/unity/lockers/users/f/felder/public/ILSpage.html -
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Reflection
Talk to each other about your own
learning preferences
Can you identify learning styles and
learning strategies your colleagues use?
How could you adapt this for finding out
about the learning styles your
classrooms?
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Thank you!