Download - Rubber based Rehabilitation in Tripura
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Rehabilitation of Jhum Cultivatorsthrough Rubber Plantation-
Problems and Prospects
Indraneel Bhowmik
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2006 ICHR Seminar @ TU,Agartala
Rehabilitation of Jhum Cultivatorsthrough Rubber Plantation
Shifting cultivation is the custom ofcultivating clearings scattered in thereservoir of natural vegetation(forest or
grass-woodland) and of abandoningthem as soon as the soil is exhausted;
And this includes the custom of shiftingthe homesteads in order to follow thecultivators search for new fertile land.
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2006 ICHR Seminar @ TU,Agartala
Rehabilitation of Jhum Cultivatorsthrough Rubber Plantation
Rubber- raw material for 50,000articles.
Products- aeroplane tyres, tubes, hosepipes, shoes, latex goods, erasers,rubber bands, etc.
Two types- Synthetic (petrochemicalfeeds); Natural (latex from rubber tree).
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2006 ICHR Seminar @ TU,Agartala
Rehabilitation of Jhum Cultivators
through Rubber Plantation
World market: SR- 58%, NR-42%.India: NR- 78%, SR-22%.
Natural Rubber- Hevea Brasilliensis.Nodal Agency- Rubber Board,Kottayam(hq).
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2006 ICHR Seminar @ TU,Agartala
Rehabilitation of Jhum Cultivators
through Rubber Plantation
Rubber plantations gestation period 7years
Economic life- 28-30 years
Employment potential- one man perhectare
Earning potential- Rs. 7000.00 to10000.00 per ha per month
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2006 ICHR Seminar @ TU,Agartala
Rehabilitation of Jhum Cultivators
through Rubber Plantation
Traditional areasKerala-
Kanyakumari district
of Tamil Nadu
Non- Traditional AreasNorth Eastern States
Tripura
Assam
Karnataka
GoaOrissa
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2006 ICHR Seminar @ TU,Agartala1854810291483014418268842002-03
176059611299913529260452001-02
15916907998011000247932000-01
14866787936011895238471999-00
13146785894611395225781998-99
11454778892611467208231997-98
9507810851810516192001996-97
779380072589074178851995-96
597681163117782162331994-95
483079455456982151591993-94
420777940305172143051992-93
FarmsYieldProdnTappableArea(ha)Year
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2006 ICHR Seminar @ TU,Agartala
Rehabilitation of Jhum Cultivators
through Rubber Plantation
Yield is much below the nationalaverage- 1584kgs/ha
Average size of the plot: Tripura-
1.43ha, India-0.57haGrowth rate of area in Tripura is muchhigher than the national average
National Bureau of Soil Survey-100000ha in Tripura is suitable
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2006 ICHR Seminar @ TU,Agartala
Rehabilitation of Jhum Cultivators
through Rubber Plantation
Resettlement of Jhum cultivatorsTop priority of the government-
Agencies-
Tribal Welfare Department- financialassistance, organisational help
Rubber Board- technical and financial
assistanceTFDPC- implementation and marketing
TRPC- implementation and management
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2006 ICHR Seminar @ TU,Agartala
Rehabilitation of Jhum Cultivators
through Rubber Plantation
Block plantation scheme45 plantation centres- all over the state
2760 ha
2451 beneficiaries
Rubber Producers Societies
1st RPS in North East- Tripureshwari RPS atMirza, Kakraban Block, South Tripura
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2006 ICHR Seminar @ TU,Agartala
Rehabilitation of Jhum Cultivators
through Rubber Plantation
Not profitableLack of land
Younger generation not interested injhum
Elders misses Jhum, feels it to be part
of their culture, lifestyleNot bothered with environmental issues
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2006 ICHR Seminar @ TU,Agartala
Rehabilitation of Jhum Cultivators
through Rubber Plantation
Rubber Extremely ProfitablePrices of RSS increased almost threefoldin the last three years
Average annual growth rate (1999-2005) of farm gate price in South
Tripura District- 11.79%
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2006 ICHR Seminar @ TU,Agartala
Rehabilitation of Jhum Cultivators
through Rubber Plantation
Craze for tilla land by well offtribals and non-tribals
Large scale leasing of landIllegal occupation of forest land
Increase in land price
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2006 ICHR Seminar @ TU,Agartala
Rehabilitation of Jhum Cultivators
through Rubber Plantation
Outsiders as plantation ownersPossibility of land owners turning
out to be tappers?Fears of ethnic clashes???
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2006 ICHR Seminar @ TU,Agartala
Rehabilitation of Jhum Cultivators
through Rubber Plantation
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