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ROPE CRAFT

✔ Know the Ropes

✔ Rope Materials

✔ Rope Construction

✔ Properties of Rope

✔ Whipping the Ropes

✔ Knot Tying

✔ Types of Knots

✔ Splicing

✔ Lashing

✔ Knot Board

✔ Rope Machine

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- Notes - Know the RopesRope is made of animal, vegetable or mineral fibers. The fibers are twisted inone direction into strands and then the strands are twisted the oppositedirection to make the rope. Sometimes fibers will be woven or braided intoropes of small diameter. Most of the time, rope is measured by the diameterin fractions or in millimeters. Marine applications will generally measure arope by circumference.

CarCarCarCarCare of Re of Re of Re of Re of RopeopeopeopeopeStore ropes in a cool, dry place.Keep the ropes clean and free ofmud, grease, etc., as possible. Coiland uncoil ropes carefully to avoidkinks. Whip the ends of naturalropes or burn the ends of syntheticropes to prevent the ends fromunraveling. Be sure to inspect yourrope periodically. Replace wornspots in ropes by splicing. Carefullyevaluate replacing your ropes whensigns of wear, such as broken fibers,are apparent.

Selection of RSelection of RSelection of RSelection of RSelection of RopeopeopeopeopeThere are several important considerations to keep in mind when selecting arope. The material it is constructed from determines the properties andapplication of a rope. The construction of the rope is a key factor whenselecting a rope. Working loads are generally 10% (between 8% and 14%)of tensile strength of a rope. A knot will reduce the working load of a ropeup to 50%. Misuse of ropes could result in loss of load and possible seriousinjury. Be sure to know the capabilities and usages of your ropes. Consultthe rope manufacturer concerning characteristics and working conditionsfor the ropes that you will be using.

In 1793, as William Carey,considered the Father ofthe Modern MissionMovement, was makingpreparations to board aship to India, he used theanalogy that he felt hewas being lowered into adark well by a rope. Hewas not afraid as long ashe knew that his faithfulfriend, Andrew Fuller,would hold onto the ropeby praying and giving tosupport the mission work.This is not a task that canbe accomplished alone.Will you remain faithfuland hold onto the rope ofmissionaries by praying forand giving to missions?Have you ever sensed thatGod has been calling youto tie the rope aroundyourself and be on missionwith Him? Pray and askGod to reveal to you howyou are to respond to Hisinvitation to join Him inaccomplishing Hismission.

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- Notes -Rope Materials

Natural FibersNatural FibersNatural FibersNatural FibersNatural Fibers Ropes have differentstrengths and uses.Christians also havedifferent strengths anduses. Strands of fiberstogether make the ropestrong. Christians servingtogether makes strength.

Manila Rope

ManilaManilaManilaManilaManila comes from theAbaca tree, is yellowishwith a silky feel and isconsidered the strongestand best natural ropematerial.

Sisal Rope

SisalSisalSisalSisalSisal comes from the leaf ofAgava plants and is oftenused as a substitute forManila. The fibers are stiffand rough with no silky feeland break easily.

Jute Rope

JutJutJutJutJuteeeee is from the Jute plant,is dark in color, very soft,frays easily and is mainlyused in crafts.

Cotton Rope

CottCottCottCottCottononononon is the best naturalteaching rope because it issoft and pliable. But it fraysand breaks easily and willalso shrink.

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NylonNylonNylonNylonNylon rope is soft and easyto handle. It stretches easilyand knots will slip out ofthe rope. It does not rot, isresistance to abrasion andwill last much longer thannatural ropes.

Nylon Rope

PPPPPolyolyolyolyolyetetetetethylenehylenehylenehylenehylene is the lightestsynthetic fiber rope. It isresistant to chemicals andcan float on water. Apolyethylene rope is not asstrong as a polypropylenerope of the same size. Polyethylene Rope

PPPPPolyolyolyolyolyesesesesestttttererererer is a very strongsynthetic rope that isresistant to abrasion anddoes not stretch like nylon.Polyester ropes have atendency to feel stiff to thetouch. Polyester Rope

PPPPPolyprolyprolyprolyprolypropopopopopyleneyleneyleneyleneylene is alightweight rope that canfloat on water and is resistantto most chemicals.Polypropylene ropes areaffected by prolongedexposure to direct sunlight.

Polypropylene Rope

Rope is tight, unfrayed,and straight when new.Rope gets frayed withuse - just as we do withproblems and sin in life.Can you think of ways tokeep your life frombecoming frayed?

Synthetic MaterialsSynthetic MaterialsSynthetic MaterialsSynthetic MaterialsSynthetic Materials

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- Notes -Rope Construction

KKKKKernmantle Consernmantle Consernmantle Consernmantle Consernmantle Construction.truction.truction.truction.truction.It is a generic term ofGerman derivation wheremantle refers to the coverand kern the core. Speciallydesigned ropes for use inmountain climbing, rescue,rappelling and certainsafety applications. Theseropes are designed forspecific uses and should beused only after propertraining.

Diamond BraidDiamond BraidDiamond BraidDiamond BraidDiamond BraidConsConsConsConsConstruction.truction.truction.truction.truction. Alsoknown as hollowbraid and maypolebraid. This rope isconstructed with ahollow center. Thisrope can be splicedin just seconds and isavailable in varioussynthetic fibers.

Braid-On-BraidBraid-On-BraidBraid-On-BraidBraid-On-BraidBraid-On-BraidConsConsConsConsConstruction.truction.truction.truction.truction. Alsoknow as doublebraid. Actually twobraided ropescombined into onerope. A braided coreis covered with abraided jacket toproduce a strong,easy handling rope.This rope isspliceable and isavailable in varioussynthetic fibers.

LLLLLaid Consaid Consaid Consaid Consaid Construction.truction.truction.truction.truction.Also known as atwisted rope and isusually constructedwith 3 strands. It isspliceable and isavailable in virtuallyevery type of ropefiber. This is the mostcommon ropeconstruction forgeneral-purpose use.

Solid BraidSolid BraidSolid BraidSolid BraidSolid BraidConsConsConsConsConstruction. truction. truction. truction. truction. A firm,round rope thatworks well on blocksand pulleys. Its namerefers to the speciallock-stitchconstruction of therope. Solid braidrope does notunravel when cut,unlike other types ofrope construction. Itis available in varioussynthetic fibers.

“And if somebodyoverpowers one person,two can resist him. A cordof three strands is noteasily broken.”(Ecclesiastes 4:12)

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- Notes - Properties of Rope**** = BEST TYPE

Binding or whipping theends of a rope makes itmore useful, last longerand easier to use. Christbinds our life together,makes us useful, andkeeps us from getting“frayed.”

Whipping the RopesA good rope deserves good care.One way to keep your rope ingood condition is to “whip” theends to keep them fromunraveling. To whip the rope, use afine cord or thread. Place the endof the cord at the end of the ropeand lay a loop along the rope.Then wind the cord tightly aroundthe loop and rope, thus bindingthem together. Wind to a distanceroughly equal to the thickness ofthe rope. Finish the whipping byputting the winding end (B)through the loop and pull end (A)tight until the loop is drawn backout of sight. Cut both ends of thecord short to make a neat finish.

COTTON SISAL MANILA NYLON POLYESTER POLYPROPYLENE

POLYETHYLENE

Shock Load * * ** **** ** ***

Rot Resistance * * * **** **** ****

Mildew Resistance * * * **** **** ****

Sunlight Resistance **** **** **** ** **** *

Heat no affect no affect no affect weakens at weakens at weakens at3500 F. 3500 F. 1500 F.

Storage must store must store must store can store can store can storedry dry dry wet or dry wet or dry wet or dry

Oil & Gas Resistant ** ** ** **** **** ****

Acid Resistance * * * *** **** ****

Abrasion Resistant * ** *** **** **** **

Durability * * *** **** **** ***

Handling **** * ** **** *** ***

Floats no no no no no yes

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- Notes -Knot Tying

Three things to know about a knot:• Its name• Its use• How it is tied

In knot tying a rope has three parts:• The endendendendend is the end of the rope with which

you are working when you tie a knot.• The standing partstanding partstanding partstanding partstanding part is the length of the rope

not being used.• The bightbightbightbightbight is the central part of the rope

between the working end and thestanding part of the rope.

An ooooovvvvverhand looperhand looperhand looperhand looperhand loop is made bycrossing the end over the standingpart.

An underhand loopunderhand loopunderhand loopunderhand loopunderhand loop is made bycrossing the end under thestanding part.

A turnturnturnturnturn is made by looping therope around any object – oftenanother section of itself.

A rrrrround turnound turnound turnound turnound turn is taken by loopingthe rope twice around an object.

Always tighten a knot slowly and evenly to avoid kinking the rope. Quick,careless tightening may mean a tangle.

Bight

End

StandingPart

“And whatever you do, inword or deed, doeverything in the name ofthe Lord Jesus, givingthanks to God the Fatherthrough Him.”(Colossians 3:17)

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- Notes - Types of KnotsStopper KnotsStopper KnotsStopper KnotsStopper KnotsStopper KnotsStopper knots are used to prevent a rope from sliding or being pulledthrough an object. Stopper knots are generally tied in the end of a rope.

OvOvOvOvOverhand Knoterhand Knoterhand Knoterhand Knoterhand Knot

The Overhand Knot is the simplest and smallest stopper knot. It is generallyused on small cord or twine, since it jams and is hard to untie. To tie: makean overhand loop, pass the end under and up through the loop. Draw tight.

Figure Eight KnotFigure Eight KnotFigure Eight KnotFigure Eight KnotFigure Eight Knot

The Figure Eight Knot is a stopper knot that is easier to untie than theoverhand knot. To tie: make an underhand loop, bring the end around andover the standing part, pass the end under and then up through the loop.Draw tight.

“For the body is one andhas many parts, and allthe parts of that body,though many, are onebody – so also is Christ.”(1 Corinthians 12:12)

Just as there are differenttypes of knots for differentuses, so also Christ givesdifferent talents to Hisdisciples to accomplishthe tasks He assigns us.

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Tie a square knot whiletelling that if you keepyour eyes on Jesus you willalways be in the right andyour life will hold becausethis knot won’t slip.

Double OvDouble OvDouble OvDouble OvDouble Overhand Knoterhand Knoterhand Knoterhand Knoterhand Knot

The Double Overhand Knot istied like the regular overhandexcept pass the end under andup through the loop two timesinstead of just one. This makes alarger knot to stop the rope fromsliding through a hole or a loopof another knot.

Figure Eight Double KnotFigure Eight Double KnotFigure Eight Double KnotFigure Eight Double KnotFigure Eight Double Knot

The Figure Eight Double Knotis tied like the regular figureeight but two ropes are used.

Joiner KnotsJoiner KnotsJoiner KnotsJoiner KnotsJoiner KnotsJoiner knots are used to tie two ropes together.

SquarSquarSquarSquarSquare Knot e Knot e Knot e Knot e Knot (Reef Knot)

The Square Knot is a joiner knot used to join two ropes or strings of thesame thickness. To tie: pass the right end over and under the left end, curvewhat is now the left end towards the right, cross what is now the left endover and under the right. Draw tight.

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SurSurSurSurSurgggggeon’s Knoteon’s Knoteon’s Knoteon’s Knoteon’s Knot

The Surgeon’s Knot is often used for twine – chiefly to keep the first tie fromslipping before the knot is completed. To tie: with the right end, take two orthree turns about the other end, bring both ends up, pass the left end overand under the other end similar to the square knot. Draw tight.

Fisherman’s KnotFisherman’s KnotFisherman’s KnotFisherman’s KnotFisherman’s Knot

The Fisherman’s Knot is very strong and is commonly used by anglers. To tie:lay the two ends together – each pointing in the opposite direction, tie anOverhand Knot in the end of each – around the standing part of the other.When drawn tight, the two knots slide together and will not slip.

GrGrGrGrGrannannannannanny Knoty Knoty Knoty Knoty Knot

Don’t tie the weak Granny Knot. Remember, the square knot has two endslying together under one loop and over the opposite loop. The Granny hasone end under and one over on both loops. This knot will slip underpressure.

Knots tied wrong may lookright - but will slip and nothold. The Christian life cannot be faked.

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- Notes -Sheet Bend KnotSheet Bend KnotSheet Bend KnotSheet Bend KnotSheet Bend Knot

The Sheet Bend is for joining ropes of different sizes. To tie: form a bight onthe end of the larger rope and hold firmly in your hand, then pass the endof the smaller rope from below up through the bight, bring the end of thesmaller rope around and under the bight of the larger rope, then slip itunder its own standing part and continue over the bight of the standingrope. Tighten by pulling the standing part of both ropes.

Carrick Bend KnotCarrick Bend KnotCarrick Bend KnotCarrick Bend KnotCarrick Bend Knot

The Carrick Bend Knot is one of the strongest knots. It cannot jam andunties easily. To tie: with one rope-end form an underhand loop – with boththe end and standing part pointing away from you, start the second ropebeneath both sides of the loop, take the end of the second over thestanding part of the first rope, then under the end of the first rope, thenover the left side of the loop, then under itself – and let the second end lieover the right side of the loop. Finish by pulling on the standing parts ofboth ropes.

“For nothing will beimpossible with God.”(Luke 1:37)

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- Notes - BoBoBoBoBow Knotw Knotw Knotw Knotw Knot

The Bow Knot is used for tying your shoe laces. Before starting the BowKnot, make sure the laces are pulled snug. To tie: with a shoe lace in eachhand, pass the left lace over and around the right lace, firmly pulling theends in opposite directions forming an overhand knot. With the left handlace make and hold a medium sized loop as shown. (Loop)

Now pass the right hand lace over and around the neck of the loop asshown. (Swoop) With the right hand lace form a bight and pass under itselfforming a small loop. Grasp a loop in each hand. Pull firmly in oppositedirections forming two equal sized loops as shown. (Pull) To untie the BowKnot pull on the ends of the laces.

Overhand Knot Loop

Swoop Pull

Bow Knot

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LLLLLoop Knotsoop Knotsoop Knotsoop Knotsoop KnotsLoop knots create a loop in the rope that remains usable until untied.

BoBoBoBoBowline Knotwline Knotwline Knotwline Knotwline Knot

The Bowline is used for securing items or lifting. The Bowline Knot is oftencalled the “king of knots” because it never jams or slips if tied correctly. Totie: make an overhand loop with the end held towards you, pass the end upthrough the loop, then up behind the standing part, then down through theloop again. Draw tight.

TTTTTillerillerillerilleriller’s Knot’s Knot’s Knot’s Knot’s Knot

The Tiller’s Knot unties easily and is especially useful when there is tensionon the rope. To tie: make a bight with the end of one rope, pass the end ofthe other rope from below, up through the bight of the first rope and bringthe end of the second rope around the bight of the first rope. Cross it overthe standing part of the first rope and then form a bight under the secondrope as illustrated. Finish by drawing the knot tight.

When tying a bowline,compare the standing partof the rope to yourspiritual life. As you tie theknot, tell how Jesus comesinto the door of your life,puts His arms around youand never lets go.

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- Notes - Double Bowline KnotDouble Bowline KnotDouble Bowline KnotDouble Bowline KnotDouble Bowline Knot

The Double Bowline makes agood sling for lifting andlowering people or objects.To tie: make an overhandloop with the end heldtowards you, exactly as in theordinary Bowline. Thedifference being that youpass the end through theloop twice – making twolower loops. The end is thenpassed behind the standingpart and down through thefirst loop again as in theordinary Bowline. Pull tight.For rescue use one loopunder the arms and use theother loop to form a seat.

Running BoRunning BoRunning BoRunning BoRunning Bowline Knotwline Knotwline Knotwline Knotwline Knot

The Running Bowline, also knownas the Bowline on a Bight, createsan adjustable loop knot. Tie theregular Bowline around its ownstanding part to create theadjustable loop.

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- Notes -Man Harness KnotMan Harness KnotMan Harness KnotMan Harness KnotMan Harness Knot

The Man Harness Knot is used forhauling. This knot should be tiedlarge enough to go around theobject. To tie: make a loop in therope and fold it forward andslightly to the right to get the loopshaped like the one in the firstimage. Then take up and underand over, as shown in the secondimage. To finish the knot, yankhard to the left.

TTTTTaut-Line Hitchaut-Line Hitchaut-Line Hitchaut-Line Hitchaut-Line Hitch

The Taut-Line Hitch is an adjustable loop knot. To tie: create a loop, thenbring the end over and under the standing part twice through the loopformed, take the end over the loop and the standing part of the rope, thenback under itself. Work the hitch until it is taut around the standing part.The hitch can be moved by pushing it up and down the standing part.

“If you continue in Myword, you really are mydisciples. You will knowthe truth, and the truthwill set you free.”(John 8:31-32)

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- Notes - End Securing KnotsEnd Securing KnotsEnd Securing KnotsEnd Securing KnotsEnd Securing KnotsEnd securing knots, also known as Hitches, are generally used to secure theend of a rope to an object.

CloCloCloCloClovvvvve Hitche Hitche Hitche Hitche Hitch

The Clove Hitch is a quick simple method of fastening a rope around a postor stake. It is used to begin lashing. It will slip when used at the end of arope. To tie: make a turn with the rope around a post and over itself, take asecond turn around the post, place the end under the second turn. Tightenby pulling both ends in opposite directions.

Half HitchHalf HitchHalf HitchHalf HitchHalf Hitch

The Half Hitch is generally used for fastening to an object for a right-anglepull. To tie: pass the end of the rope around the object and go around the

standing part and back underthe turn. This is the first step intying more complicated hitches.The illustration shows the HalfHitch tied with the end nippedunder the turn of the rope somedistance away from the standingpart – this method is fairlyreliable for temporary use – ifthe pull is steady and thearrangement is not disturbed.

Double Half HitchDouble Half HitchDouble Half HitchDouble Half HitchDouble Half Hitch

The Double Half Hitch isused to make a rope fast to aring or post. It is simply twoHalf Hitches tied around thestanding part of the rope. It ismore reliable than the singleHalf Hitch. It will also adjustto loosen or tighten the rope.

A Clove Hitch becomesmore secure the tighteryou pull on the rope.Christ has secured oursalvation and will never letus go.

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- Notes -Timber HitchTimber HitchTimber HitchTimber HitchTimber Hitch

The Timber Hitch is a simpleconvenient hitch that doesnot jam and is untied easilywhen the pull ceases. It isused mainly to tow or hoistcylindrical objects, such aslogs. To tie: pass a ropearound the object and takea turn with the end aroundthe standing part, then twistor turn the end back around itself following the lay of the rope. Three turnsback are generally sufficient.

CoCoCoCoCow Hitchw Hitchw Hitchw Hitchw Hitch

The Cow Hitch is used for tethering, mooring, and hoisting. To tie: doublethe end of a rope to form an open loop, reach through the loop and graspthe end and standing part and pull them back through the loop. Place thedouble loop formed over a post and draw up tight.

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- Notes - Other KnotsOther KnotsOther KnotsOther KnotsOther Knots

SheepshankSheepshankSheepshankSheepshankSheepshank

The Sheepshank is intended to shorten a rope for temporary use only.Carefully tied and drawn up tight, it is fairly reliable under a steady pull. Totie: form an S loop as shown in the diagram, then with one free end of therope make a Half Hitch and slip it over one of the loops and tighten. Repeatprocedure with the other loop.

TTTTTruckruckruckruckruckererererer’s Hitch’s Hitch’s Hitch’s Hitch’s Hitch

Use this knot to cinch down a load on yourcar top, boat, horseback, etc. Thiscombination of knots allows a rope to bepulled extremely tight. To tie: tie off one endof the rope, lay rope over the load to be tieddown, tie a slip knot in the middle of therope and form a small loop, with free endmake a turn around a fitting and bring thefree end back up to the loop in the rope,feed through and pull the rope very tight.Secure the knot with a Tiller’s Hitch to allowyou to untie the knot easily.

SlipknotSlipknotSlipknotSlipknotSlipknot

The Slipknot forms a easily removable loop. To tie: forman overhand loop, then insert a bight into the loop.

Tie several slip knots in arope and wad it up. Tellhow our lives can get alltangled because of sinand we can never getuntangled from oursituation without Christ.Tell how Jesus can restoreour relationship with Himand straighten out ourlives as you pull the knotsout of the rope.

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- Notes -SplicingSplices are used to mend a damaged rope or to fasten one rope to another.A good splice has up to 95 percent of the rope’s strength, while a knot’sefficiency varies from only 45 to 60 percent of the rope’s strength. The LongSplice allows a rope to run through a block or pulley, and should be madeonly with two ropes of the same size. The Long Splice is time consumingand uses up considerable rope. The Short Splice is the strongest way to jointwo ropes, can be made quickly, and involves little rope waste although thedisadvantage is that it cannot pass through a pulley. The Eye Splice is usedto create the strongest loop in the end of the rope. The End Splice can beused to replace whipping to keep the end from unraveling.

Splicing TSplicing TSplicing TSplicing TSplicing Tipsipsipsipsips• Whip or tape the end of the strands to prevent fraying during splicing.• A splicing tool can aid in making splices.• Twist the rope slightly against the lay of the rope to raise the strands open

in order to tuck the strands being spliced into the rope.• Tuck the working end of the strands away from the splicer.• Roll the rope towards the splicer a third of a turn after each tuck.• A good splice should have a neat uniform appearance.• A minimum of three to four tucks is recommended per strand.• When splicing any of the synthetic ropes, add at least one extra tuck per

strand.• Roll and pound tucks into the rope and clip the strand ends to finish the

splice.

Short Splice

Buddy Rope

“The Father and I areone.” (John 10:30)

Jesus came to Earth asGod in man.

“I pray for them. I am notpraying for the world butfor those You have givenMe, because they areYours. All My things areYours, and Yours are Mine,and I have been glorifiedin them. I am no longer inthe world, but they are inthe world, and I amcoming to You. HolyFather, protect them byYour name that You havegiven Me, so that theymay be one as We areone.” (John 17:9-11)

We are spliced togetherwith the Father when webecome a Christian for weare spliced together byJesus Christ.

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- Notes - Long SpliceLong SpliceLong SpliceLong SpliceLong SpliceThe Long Splice: A. Unlay (untwist) each rope end about 15 turns and placeropes together, alternating strands of each end. B. Using opposite pairs,unlay one strand (4) and fill its place with its “partner” strand (2). Repeatoperation exactly with another pair of strands (1) and (6) in oppositedirection. C. Trim the longer strand (4) and tie each pair of opposing strands(2) and (4) with an overhand knot, tucking each strand twice. The tuck goesover one strand, under the second, and out between the second and third.Strands (3) and (5) are simply tied with an overhand knot. Strands (1) and(6) are halved, and opposite strands are tied with an overhand knot beforetucking. D. Roll and pound tucks into the rope and clip the strand ends.

ShorShorShorShorShort Splicet Splicet Splicet Splicet SpliceThe Short Splice: A. Unlay each rope a few turns and alternate the strand. B.Tie the strands down to prevent further unlaying. C. Tuck one strand (1)over an opposing strand, and under the next strand. D. The tuck of strand(2) goes over the first strand (5), under the second, and out between thesecond and third. E. Repeat operation with the other two strands (1) and (3)from the same rope end. F. Remove tie and repeat operation on other ropeend. Make two more tucks for each strand. Roll tucks into the rope and clipthe strand ends.

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- Notes -End SpliceEnd SpliceEnd SpliceEnd SpliceEnd SpliceThe End Splice: A. Unlay the ends of the rope at least 5 lays. B. Fold strand(2) down between strands (1) and (3), leaving a small loop. C. Take strand(1) over strand (2) and down beyond strand (3). D. Take strand (3) overstrand (1) and through the loop of strand (2). E. Pull evenly on each of thestrands to form a triangular crown with the strands turned back down therope. F. Strand (1) is tucked over (a) and under (b) and out between (b) and(c) Strand (2) is tucked over (b) and under (c) and out between (c) and (a)Strand (3) is tucked over (c) and under (a) and out between (a) and (b)Make two more tucks for each strand. Roll tucks into the rope and clip thestrand ends.

AAAAA BBBBB CCCCC

DDDDD EEEEE

FFFFF

11111

22222 33333

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- Notes - Eye SpliceEye SpliceEye SpliceEye SpliceEye SpliceThe Eye Splice: The size of the eye will be determined by where the splice isstarted into the standing part. A. Unlay the end of the rope at least 5 lays. B.Strand (2) is tucked over strand (c), under (b) and out between (a) and (b).C. Strand (1) is tucked once over (b) and under (a) and out between (a) and(c). D. Strand (3) is tucked once over (a) and under (c) and out between (c)and (b). E. Make two more tucks for each strand. Roll tucks into the ropeand clip the strand ends.

LashingLashing is a way of joining sticks or poles together with rope or twine. Simpleoutdoor equipment can be quickly constructed to make outdoor livingeasier. Items needed for lashing include sturdy twine, knife or saw, sticks orpoles.

SquarSquarSquarSquarSquare Le Le Le Le LashingashingashingashingashingSquare Lashing is used tojoin two sticks together atright angles. You canmake coat hangers, towelracks and other items.Begin by making a clovehitch on the vertical orupright stick with a longpiece of twine. Be sure toleave several inches onthe free end to complete the lashing.

Pull the twine forward and overthe front of the horizontal stick.Then pull the twine behind thevertical stick and around to thefront. Next, pull the twine up infront of the horizontal stick.

“I am the vine; you are thebranches. The one whoremains in Me and I in himproduces much fruit,because you can donothing without Me.”(John 15:5)

When we receive JesusChrist as our Lord andSavior we become lashedtogether and now are ableto do more than we couldwhen we were alone.

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- Notes -

Continue by pulling the twinearound the upright and backto the starting point.

Repeat the same pattern threeor four times, pulling tightly aseach wrap is made.

When the sticks are tightlywrapped, tighten the binding byfrapping (winding the twinebetween the two sticks three orfour times, pulling each windtight).

End with a square knot at thebeginning point. Cut off ends andtuck them under the lashing.

Diagonal LashingDiagonal LashingDiagonal LashingDiagonal LashingDiagonal LashingDiagonal Lashing is used to make racksand braces. Begin with a clove hitcharound two or three sticks at the pointwhere they cross. Make three or fourhorizontal winds.

Then make the same number ofvertical winds, pulling each turntight.

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- Notes -

Frap between the sticks as in squarelashing, winding three to four turns.

Pull windings tight and finish with asquare knot.

Round or Sheer LashingRound or Sheer LashingRound or Sheer LashingRound or Sheer LashingRound or Sheer LashingRound or Sheer Lashing is usedto join two parallel sticks. It isused to make pot hooks and toattach sticks to trees. Begin witha clove hitch on one stick.

Place the other stick parallel andmake parallel winds until the sticksare bound firmly.

Frap by pulling twine to the front andbetween the sticks.

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- Notes -

Make three or four windspulling each wind tight andfinish with a square knot.

TTTTTripod Lripod Lripod Lripod Lripod LashingashingashingashingashingTripod Lashing is a type of Round or Sheer lashing where three poles areused and the windings are not made very tight. Begin with the center polepointed the opposite direction of the other poles. Make several windingsaround the three poles. Frap between each pole, pulling tight. End with asquare knot.

Continuous LContinuous LContinuous LContinuous LContinuous LashingashingashingashingashingContinuous Lashing isused to make a table topor seats.

First, make a frame using squarelashing. Cut and trim sticks to beused as cross pieces.

Start with a piece of twine longenough to completely lash eachside. Tie a clove hitch around theframe in the middle of the twinewith the knot underneath.

“I give thanks to ChristJesus our Lord, who hasstrengthened me, becauseHe considered me faithful,appointing me to theministry.” (1 Timothy 1:12)

Every believer is called tobe involved in God’smission and ministry. Prayabout where God wouldlike you to be involved.

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Take an end of twine in eachhand and pull it up and over thefirst cross piece then pull it downunder the frame.

Cross the twine under the framemaking an X, pulling the twine tight.

Bring twine up and over the nextcross piece. Continue the patterncrossing the twine under theframe each time.

Pull the twine tight and finishwith a square knot. Repeat onother side.

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- Notes -Knot BoardLearn to tie the four basic camping knots as illustrated as well as others youmight add. Practice them until you can tie them well. Display them on a knotboard made from a square of peg board (or plywood), white nylon cord, andfine wire. The knot board makes an attractive display for the chapter room oryour own room at home.

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Rope MachineMaking your own rope with a rope machine is a fun group project that requires atleast three people. Materials needed are ½ inch lumber, metal coat hangers, andscrews or nails. Refer to the illustrations for dimensions and assembly.

The type of rope that is constructed by the rope machine is a three strand laid rope.This type of rope is made by twisting the strands of fiber in one direction (clockwise)and then laying the strands together in the opposite direction (counterclockwise). Anyof the following materials may be used to make rope: binders twine, baler twine,plastic twine, jute twine, sisal twine, yarn, or string.

The primary parts of a rope machine are the twisting end (3 hooks), the one thattwists the three strands, and the laying end (1 hook), the one that is used to lay thetwisted strands together.

Anchor one of the end assemblies to atable with a “C” clamp or other methodand have someone hold the other end. Tiethe end of the twine to the laying endhook. Next hook the twine over one of thehooks on the twisting end, and then backto the laying end. Continue back and forth

until each of the three hooks on the twisting end has two lengths of twine. Try tokeep the tension equal on each length of twine.

While keeping the laying end from turning,turn the handle on the twisting end so that thecranks are turning clockwise as you arelooking at the handle. Twist the strands untilthey become firm and resist further twisting.Strands that are not twisted tight enough willcause the rope to be loose. Strands that aretwisted too tight will kink. Experience will teachyou when the strands are twisted just right.

To complete or “lay” the rope, use the rope wrench to assist in laying the strandsuniformly. The actual laying of rope is done by turning the laying end crank in acounterclockwise direction while moving the rope wrench toward the twisting end.While twistingand laying thestrands a modestamount oftension must bekeep on therope.

“I am able to do all thingsthrough Him whostrengthens me.”(Philippians 4:13)


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