Download - Rnd presentation aem group
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R&D Advanced Elective ModuleR&D Advanced Elective ModuleMembers: Yeo Tin Mei, Abigail Koh,
Jocelyn Bong, Lyanne Loh, Sarah Loke
Water inWater inCambodiaCambodia
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Overview:1. Introduction &
Background Information
2. Approach and Methods
3. Results
4. Analysis and Discussion
5. Conclusion
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INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND INFORMATIONINFORMATION
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80% of deaths in Cambodia are due to water borne illness.
Infant mortality rate of children under 5 years old is 14%.
Dirty drinking water is the cause of 20% of these deaths.
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Most of these diseases can be cured but medical treatment is not readily available in the many rural parts of Cambodia. We were to propose a method to help improve the water quality of the Cambodians.
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APPROACH AND METHODSAPPROACH AND METHODS
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Temperature is an important parameter to aquatic life.Cambodia is very warm.– Dissolved oxygen is
low– Decreased growth of
aerobic bacteria– Temperature-sensitive
organisms die– Low salinity– High turbidity
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How did we gather our data?1.Survey villagers
– Location of water source and storage water
– Daily habits of the villagers
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How did we gather our data?2.Water samples
– Source water– Stored water– Filtered water
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How did we utilise our data?1.Comparison among samples from each household2.Comparison between test results and the corresponding surveys, as well as among households with and without the filter3.Test water samples back at our school lab
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RESULTSRESULTS
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LABORATORY TESTS:LABORATORY TESTS:
MICROBIAL COUNTMICROBIAL COUNT
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LABORATORY TESTS:LABORATORY TESTS:
MICROBIAL COUNTMICROBIAL COUNT
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ON SITE TESTS:ON SITE TESTS:
WATER PERIMETERSWATER PERIMETERS
* DO = Dissolved Oxygen
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Water is used for cooking, drinking & rice field irrigation.
Each person uses 30 – 35 litres of water a day.
SURVEY:SURVEY:
SIMILARITIES BETWEEN 2 HOUSEHOLDSSIMILARITIES BETWEEN 2 HOUSEHOLDS
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Water is insufficient.
Children fall sick once or twice a month.(usually diarrhoea)
Hope for clean and potable water supply.
SURVEY ANALYSIS:SURVEY ANALYSIS:
SIMILARITIES BETWEEN 2 HOUSEHOLDSSIMILARITIES BETWEEN 2 HOUSEHOLDS
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SURVEY ANALYSIS:SURVEY ANALYSIS:
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN 2 HOUSEHOLDSDIFFERENCES BETWEEN 2 HOUSEHOLDS
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ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSIONANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION
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Households with water filters still fall sick as often as households that do not have the water filter.– Improper storage
Insufficient water.– Dry season– Long walking distance
from well– Results in villagers
bathing once or twice a month
Do not boil drinking water.
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CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION
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Bio-Sand-filtered water– Comparatively high microbial
count (455,000cfu/ml)– More than 9 times that of
well water
Well water– High microbial count
(5,000cfu/ml)– Safe drinking water (100cfu/ml)– Low compared to other samples
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Bio-sand filters did not improve the overall quality of the water.Well water – lowest microbial countWater stored in a jar from site 1 – lowest turbidity
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