Download - Rio Tinto Communities Of Practice
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Presentation outline
Where do we go from here?
Questions & Answers
Global CoPs in practice….
What have others done?
What are Communities of Practice (CoPs) – why are they important?
Knowledge Management / Knowledge Transfer?
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See how Communities of Practice are helping Rio Tinto people share expertise and collaborate across the world (available on YouTube and from Rio Tinto website)
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Knowledge Transfer: What’s the problem?
“We can always know more than we can tell,
and we will always tell more than we can
write down. The nature of knowledge is such
that we always know, or are capable of
knowing more than we have the physical time
or the conceptual ability to say.
I can speak in five minutes what it will otherwise
take me two weeks to get round to spend a
couple of hours writing it down.” Dave Snowden
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What types of knowledge exist?
Tacit Knowledge
• The wealth of expertise, ideas and latent insights that lies scattered across or deeply embedded within organisations.
• It’s sometimes very difficult to write down, and is often transferred by conversations, informal e-mails, presentations and methodologies such as a Community of Practice & the RTCF.
• It can easily walk out of the door….
Explicit Knowledge• “Hard” data, procedures, guidelines, policies, project plans,
deadlines, reports. By definition it’s written down.
Even though tacit knowledge is “soft”, there is far more of it in an organisation than explicit knowledge; Both are required and need different tools….
Even though tacit knowledge is “soft”, there is far more of it in an organisation than explicit knowledge; Both are required and need different tools….
© 2005 APQC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
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Tacit
Explicit
Self-Service +- Intranets- Portals to key info- Search- Yellow Pages- Expert directories
Networks & CoPs
- Groups that share, learn- Held together by common interest in
topic- Trade tools, templates, best practices- Solve business problems
Transfer of Best Practices
- Facilitated transfer- Internal benchmarking-Process Masters
-Knowledge Champions-Best Practice Teams
Human Interaction LowerHigher
Knowledge Transfer Approaches
© 2005 APQC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
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Tacit
Explicit
Self-Service +- Intranets- Portals to key info- Search- Yellow Pages- Expert directories
Networks & CoPs
- Groups that share, learn- Held together by common interest in
topic- Trade tools, templates, best practices- Solve business problems
Transfer of Best Practices
- Facilitated transfer- Internal benchmarking-Process Masters
-Knowledge Champions-Best Practice Teams
Human Interaction LowerHigher
Knowledge Transfer Approaches
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Presentation outline
Where do we go from here?
Questions & Answers
Global CoPs in practice….
What have others done?
What are Communities of Practice (CoPs) – why are they important?
Knowledge Management / Knowledge Transfer?
11
What is a Community of Practice?
“Communities of Practice are groups
of people who share a passion for
something that they know how to do,
and who interact regularly to learn how
to do it better.”
Source: Etienne Wenger
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Helping - Focus on members connecting to other each, allowing them to request help for problem solving and sharing ideas
Best Practice - Focus on developing, validating and disseminating leading practices
Innovation - Focus on developing ideas
and innovative practices
Knowledge Stewarding - Focus on organising and managing CoPs common knowledge, including any material that members use on a regular basis
Communities of Practice are regarded as KM’s tour de force, but one size does not fit all: 4 types
Source: APQC / Wenger et al
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Help with challengesAccess to expertiseConfidenceFun with colleaguesMeaningful work
Strategic capabilitiesKeeping abreast InnovationRetention of talentsNew strategies
Personal developmentReputationProfessional identityNetworkMarketability
Problem solvingTime savingKnowledge sharingSynergies across unitsReuse of resources
SHORT-TERM VALUE LONG-TERM VALUE
ME
MB
ER
SO
RG
AN
ISA
TIO
N
Source: Etienne Wenger
The Value of Working Together
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Presentation outline
Where do we go from here?
Questions & Answers
Global CoPs in practice….
What have others done?
What are Communities of Practice (CoPs) – why are they important?
Knowledge Management / Knowledge Transfer?
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Many other companies have made significant use of CoPs
British Petroleum
British Telecom
Buckmann Laboratories
Caterpiller
Cap Gemini Ernst & Young
ChevronTexaco
DaimlerChrysler
ExxonMobil
Ford
Halliburton
IBM
Schlumberger
Shell
Siemens
The World Bank
Xerox Corporation
Copyright SIEP B.V. and SIEP Inc., Dec. 2000Copyright SIEP B.V. and SIEP Inc., Dec. 200017
Concept of a Global Network (CoP)
Discussion Group,High traffic area
Knowledge BaseWhat information do we already have ?
What do others know ?
The answer isnew “Information”
Add the new Information
Start withinserting your current Information
Coordinator &Subject Focal points
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Shell’s experience: show me the money!
Pecten Cameroon (a Shell company) shared its
techniques for improving production from a gas
lifted well, by injecting demulsifier, reducing
viscosity in the production string and thereby
increasing production. They obtained a gain of
500 barrels a day ($5 million per annum), and the
approach is being extended to 17 other wells with
prospective gains of 9 million per year.
A ~US$200m benefitA ~US$200m benefit
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• First priority: Discover & Adopt
• Second priority: Discover & Adapt
• Last Resort: Develop (&Share!)
We work for ExxonMobil – not just a BU
The ExxonMobil Approach
Maintaining a Knowledge Asset
Dual Citizenship
Kwinana Nerefco Toledo
Communityof
practice
Dualcitizenship
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Presentation outline
Where do we go from here?
Questions & Answers
Global CoPs in practice….
What have others done?
What are Communities of Practice (CoPs) – why are they important?
Knowledge Management / Knowledge Transfer?
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Global CoP structure – source McDermott
Linking BU CoPs with global CoPs….
It’s a win-win when we get it to work.
Linking local and global CoPs
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Presentation outline
Where do we go from here?
Questions & Answers
Global CoPs in practice….
What have others done?
What are Communities of Practice (CoPs) – why are they important?
Knowledge Management / Knowledge Transfer?
25
WIIFM?
Incentives
Culture of “Discover & Adopt”
Overcome fear of groups
“Dual Citizenship”
PEOPLE PROCESS
TECHNOLOGY
Executive Sponsorship
Shared Ownership
Coordinators
Evangelise
Facilitate
Sell, educate & train
Spark debate
Learn by doing
Customer focus – making collaboration ridiculously easy
RTCF
Portal
WebeX, phone conf
RioNet
Build Trust; FTF meetings
Community of Practice - Enablers
Wiki
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A simple process to keep building a vibrant portfolio of Communities of Practice
• Before any business activity: Ask and Search
• During any business activity: Learn
• After any business activity: Share
With thanks to Shell International