RespirationInspirationExpirationCyanosisPneumonia
Pleural Faction RubRoaringHeavesBronchodilators
KEY TERMS
RESPIRATORY TRACT
Respiration- exchange of gases between animals and it’s environment
Opening of the body where one breathes
Nose (Nostrils) covered by epithelial tissueEpithelial Tissue protected by mucus
UPPER AIRWAYS
Epithelium filters airParticles trapped by mucusLined with CiliaMoves the mucus towards the pharynxThis protects the lower airways
IRRITATION IN NOSE AND MOUTH
Pharynx common area shared by the nose and mouth
NoseReaction: Sneezing
MouthReaction: Coughing
LARYNX, TRACHEA, AND LUNGS
Used to assist breathing Larynx leads to the trachea Trachea splits into two Bronchi
Lungs Produce a surfactant Coats the alveoli
Covered in Pleura
MECHANISMS OF BREATHING
Inspiration- air is taken into the lungs
Expiration- air is forced outBrain controls the normal rate of respiration
Respiration rate changes in response to bodies demands
Breathing is involuntary
RESPIRATION RATES IN ANIMALS
Cat= 26bpm Dog= 22bpm
Sheep= 19bpm Cow= 30bpm
Horse= 12bpm Human= 12bpm
Guinea Pig= 90bpm Hamster= 74bpm
CLINICAL PRACTICES
1) Oxygen levels to low causes blood to have a dark bluish appearance
This is called cyanosisCyanosis- definite indication that tissues are not getting enough oxygen
CLINICAL PRACTICES CON’T
Pneumonia- disease; inflammation in the lungs, caused by an infection in the lungs
White blood cells assist in getting rid of the bacterial infection
Pneumonia causes…. Pleural Friction RubPleural Friction Rub- creaking saddle noise while breathing shows that the lungs and chest are inflamed and irritated
OTHER KEY DISEASES AND PROBLEMS Heaves- horse disease causes
coughing/thick nasal discharges Roaring- horse disease where
vocal folds fail to openThis causes a roaring noise