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Research Opportunities in the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery
Kibwei A. McKinney, MDYu-Tung Wong, MDScott Shadfar, MD
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Outline
• Funding opportunities• Subspecialty Areas• Clinical/Research Faculty– Areas of Interest
• Examples
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ENT Residency Application
• Step 1 USMLE Score• Medical School GPA• Extra-curricular Activities• Research
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Duration of Research
• 2 months – Projects completed during the summer in between the 1st and 2nd yr
• 1 year – Projects completed during a year off in between the 3rd and 4th years of medical school
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Grants/Funding Opportunities
• 2 months – Research Training in Otolaryngology Program (8-12 weeks)– Application online at Carolina Medical Student Research
Program website: www.med.unc.edu/rschofc/omsr/cmsrp.htm
– Due Feb. 8th, 2010• 1 year - https://cgibd.med.unc.edu/omsr/oppor.php– Research Training in Otolaryngology– Doris Duke Clinical Fellowship Program– American Otologic Society Research Fellowship (T32)– Howard Hughes Medical Institute Training Fellowship– Holderness Fellowship (4 Yearly)
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Otolaryngology Subspecialty Areas
• Head and Neck Surgery (Cancer Research)• Otology/Neurotology• Facial Plastic Surgery• Rhinology/Sinus Surgery• Laryngology• Anterior Skull Base Surgery• Pediatric Otolaryngology
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Head and Neck Surgery• Marion Couch, MD, Ph. D.
– Cancer Cachexia• Neil Hayes, MD, MPH –
Molecular pathogenesis of head and neck Cancers
• Mark Weissler, MD – Outcomes Research in Head and Neck Cancer
• Carol Shores, MD – EBV related Head and Neck Cancer in Lilongwe, Malawi
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Cancer Cachexia
• Loss of weight, muscle atrophy, catabolism associated with end-stage cancer
• Significant cause of morbidity
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Cancer Cachexia
• Historically thought to be mediated by increased energy expenditure by rapidly proliferating cancer cells
• Increasing body of evidence attributing cachexia to pathophysiologic mechanisms at the cellular level
• NF-κB – ubiquitous protein complex that controls DNA replication– When constitutively active, proper regulation does not
occurcellular proliferationtumor– AlsoInflammation (possibly leading to cachexia)
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Resveratrol
• Potential NF-κB Inhibitor• Natural compound found in
red wine, red grapes• Increased life span of
nematode and short-lived fish
• If good enough for the nematode, why not for us?
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Putting Resveratrol to the Test
Day 0 –Tumor Inoculation
Days 1-17 Document Cachexia/Treat with Resveratrol
Sacrifice and Harvest
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Outcomes
• Tumor size• Body weight• Tissue NFκB levels• Cardiac echo readings
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Otology/Neurotology• Doug Fitzpatrick, Ph. D. – Preservation of
residual hearing in cochlear implantation• Paul Manis, Ph. D. – Cellular
mechanisms/neural networks of hearing• John Grose, Ph. D. – Age-Related decline
in temporal processing• Craig Buchman, MD – Auditory
Neuropathy, CI Outcomes• Oliver Adunka, MD – Electroacoustic
Stimulation (EAS); Intraoperative electrophysiology
• Joe Hall Ph. D./Emily Buss – Psychoacoustics
• Joseph Roche, MD – SNHL and synaptic plasticity in Te1
Vestibulocochlear system of the Mongolian Gerbil; animal model used in electroacoustic studies
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Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
• William Shockley, MD• Interests: Microtia
repair, nasal defects and rhinoplasty, congenital anomalies
• Clinical Outcomes Research
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Rhinology/Sinus Surgery
• Julia Kimbel, Ph. D. – computational fluid dynamics, particle uptake deposition
• Brent Senior, MD – MIPS Outcomes Research, Sleep Research
• Charles Ebert, MD – QOL Outcomes for sinus surgery, Allergic Fungal Rhinosinusitis
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Allergic Fungal Rhinosinusitis
• Disease process characterized by fungal proliferation, inflammation and deformation of the normal bony anatomy
• Presents unilaterally in over 40% of patients
• Hypothesis: These patients represent a genetic chimera with differential expression on the contralateral sides of the nose
• Microarray analysis will be used to characterize these differences
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Laryngology
• Robert Buckmire - Medical Robotic System for Laser Phonomicrosurgery– Joint venture with UNC/NC State Dept. of
Biomedical Engineering• Image Guidance in Laryngeal Surgery
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Laryngeal Phonomicrosurgery
• Group of Complex surgical techniques that leverage the use of endoscopic tools
• Surgical laser (CO2) under the control of a micromanipulator
• Problem: poor ergonomics
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Laryngeal Phonomicrosurgery
• Hypotheses: – Different user interfaces
may be advantageous in providing increased fine motor manipulation of the laser.
– A trained robot may make more precise, uniform cuts than those made by a human
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Skull Base Surgery• Adam M. Zanation, MD
– Molecular biology of sinonasal tumors, radioanatomic analysis of the pediatric skull base, outcomes research in endoscopic skull base surgery
Mucosa
GPC
PPF
Mucosa
GPC
PPF
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Pediatric Otolaryngology
• Amelia Drake, MD• Austin Rose, MD• Carlton Zdanski, MD, FACS• Rose Payapilli, MD
(resident) – clinical outcomes in patients with cochlear malformation after CI