Download - Report-Radiation Measurement (PKNM)
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REPORT
RADIOFREQUENCY (RF)RADIATION MEASUREMENT
Perbadanan Kemajuan Negeri Melaka (PKNM), Menara
MITC, Ayer Keroh, Melaka.
By:Suruhanjaya Komunikasi dan Mult imedia Malaysia.
Hotline: 1 800 888 030
Website: http://aduan.skmm.gov.my
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1. ABSTRACT
Suruhanjaya Komunikasi dan Multimedia Malaysia (SKMM) conducted an on-site RF
radiation measurement exercise at:
Perbadanan Kemajuan Negeri Melaka (PKNM), Menara MITC, Ayer Keroh,Melaka on 23rd Nov 2010
Upon concerns and request from Officer at PKNM.
2. OBJECTIVE
To determine the RF radiation level within the proximity of the telecommunicationstructure.
To ensure the RF radiation level complies with the Public Exposure Limit, inaccordance to Malaysias and international standards.
To assess the Health and Safety risks the telecommunication structure poses to thesurrounding community and residents, and to recommend the necessary action andmeasures based on the measurement outcome.
3. RF RADIATION PUBLIC EXPOSURE LIMIT
The exposure limit established by the International Commission for Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) is referred.
The exposure limit sets by ICNIRP is endorsed by the World Health Organization(WHO) and the Ministry Of Health Malaysia. Other countries that adopted the ICNIRPlimit include Australia, Singapore and the United Kingdom.
When measuring human exposure to RF radiation from communication towers andstructures, it is the norm to consider Power Density as it is more closely related tothe quantities in which restrictions on exposure are specified.
Table 1: Summary of RF radiation Public Exposure Limit in terms of Power
Density (W/m2
)
Frequency Range Services Public Exposure Limit (W/m2)
8.95MHz FM Radio -
174MHz TV 2.00
470MHz TV (UHF) 2.35
900MHz 2G Cellular (GSM) 4.50
1800MHz 2G Cellular (GSM) 9.00
2000MHz 3G Cellular, WirelessBroadband
10.0
2300MHz WiMAX 10.0
2400MHz Wi-Fi 10.0
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The limit value incorporates very large safety factors to protect the general public, including children. Further information can be obtained from http://www.icnirp.de.
4. SCOPE OF THE MEASUREMENT
The measurements assess the RF radiation emission from the directional and/oromni-directional antenna of the telecommunication structure in question.
In the presence of more than one telecommunication structure, the measurementoutcome indicates the cumulative RF radiation (for a given frequency range) from allstructures within the proximity.
Conclusion is derived from comparing the measured RF radiation level against thePublic Exposure Limit stipulated in Table 1.
5.MEASUREMENT EQUIPMENT
The measurement equipment in-use is the Rohde & Shwarze Portable EMFMeasurement System R&S TS-EMF (Figure 1). It measures a wide spectrum ofelectromagnetic fields (EMF) including RF in the environment and covers a broadfrequency range from 30 MHz to 3 GHz.
It complies with all common radio services which include:
2G Cellular 3G Cellular, Wireless Broadband Bluetooth Wi-Fi WiMAX FM Radio broadcasting TV broadcasting
The frequency-selective measurement determines the total radiation on a particularsite, and also permits assignment to specific radio services. All commonmeasurement methods and regulations are supported including the Europeanstandard prEN 50400.
The isotropic antenna is periodically calibrated to ensure accuracy.
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Figure 1: Measurement equipment
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6. SITE DETAILS
Site address: Perbadanan Kemajuan Negeri Melaka (PKNM),
Menara MITC, Ayer Keroh, Melaka.
Latitude/ Longitude: 2.272010 / 102.284430
Site description: Multi storey tower-office, within a mediumdensity residential area.
Figure 2: Site overview
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Site images:
Figure 3: Street level view of building & structures.
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Figure 4: Radiation Measurement at Rooftop (1st Location)
Figure 5: RF antenna
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Figure 6: Structure belong to Telco
Figure 7: Radiation Measurement at Rooftop (2nd Location)
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Figure 9: Radiation Measurement at Level 9(3rd Location)
Figure 10: Radiation Measurement at Level 8 (4th Location)
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7. DEVELOPMENT AND PHYSICAL SAFETY COMPLIANCE
Compliance to the development and physical safety requirements as per Ministry
of Housing and Local Government Guideline 2002 (KPKT 2002).
Structure
Compliance
Height Distance (Applicable fortelecommunication
towers only)
DiGi Comply -
Celcom Comply -
Maxis Comply -
Development and Physical safety requirements - to protect the public from risks of improper installations and falling objects.
8.MEASUREMENT DETAILS
Four measurements were taken at 4 locations as per Figure 2 & Figure 3.
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Measurement : Location 1
PKNM - Rooftop
on 11/23/2010(Averaging over a range of minutes)
Measurement from 14:54 AM until 24:14 AM (Loop Count: 2)
All Packets - Average
PacketTotal Field (RMS)
[V/m] Total ER * 1000 []Power Density
[W/m]
3G 0.0546 0.0008 7.901178046
CDMA_800 0.0041 0.0000 0.044061086
FSH_WLAN802.11b&g_all 0.1400 0.0053 51.98755327
GSM1800_Celcom 0.0873 0.0022 20.197391
GSM1800_Digi 0.1045 0.0031 28.96092345GSM1800_Maxis 0.1911 0.0106 96.85613808
GSM1800_all 0.2672 0.0208 189.3395163GSM900_all 0.3310 0.0606 290.5426834
GSM900_Celcom 0.0416 0.0010 4.600170009GSM900_Digi 0.0289 0.0005 2.210912999
GSM900_Maxis 0.3378 0.0630 302.6032016
Wimax 0.0848 0.0019 19.09153033
Sum 0.6184 0.1698 1014.33526
Limit Line: ICNIRP
Antenna: Tri-axis probe - R&S SerNo 101364 RSEMF30-22-08-100237
Packet/Frequency
Radiation Limit
allowed by ICNIRP(Volt/meter)
Radiation
Measured atLocation 1
(Volt/meter)
Exposure Ratio of measured
Radiation with ICNIRPRadiation Limit) (%)
GSM 900 MHz 49 0.34157665 0.004859417 %
1800MHz/3G/Wimax
62 0.25540742 0.001697007 %
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Measurement : Location 2
PKNM - Roof top2
on 11/23/2010(Averaging over a range of minutes)
Measurement from 01:31 PM until 09:00 PM (Loop Count: 1)
All Packets - Average
PacketTotal Field (RMS)
[V/m] Total ER * 1000 []Power Density
[W/m]
3G 0.1115 0.0033 33.00593556
CDMA_800 0.0040 0.0000 0.041945966
FSH_WLAN802.11b&g_all 0.1458 0.0057 56.36554069
GSM1800_all 3.7978 4.1952 38258.40508
GSM1800_Celcom 0.1116 0.0036 33.04823776GSM1800_Digi 0.0708 0.0014 13.29864413
GSM1800_Maxis 3.7637 4.1201 37573.6792GSM900_all 0.3816 0.0807 386.2933014
GSM900_Celcom 0.1023 0.0059 27.7610801GSM900_Digi 0.0119 0.0001 0.377353007
GSM900_Maxis 0.3240 0.0582 278.5367507
UMTS_Bd I_ChPow 0.6585 0.1165 1150.284246Wimax 0.0894 0.0021 21.19182928
Sum 5.4169 8.5929 77832.28915
Limit Line: ICNIRP
Antenna: Tri-axis probe - R&S SerNo 101364 RSEMF30-22-08-100237
Packet/Frequency
Radiation Limit
allowed by ICNIRP
(Volt/meter)
Radiation
Measured at
Location 2
(Volt/meter)
Exposure Ratio of measured
Radiation with ICNIRP
Radiation Limit) (%)
GSM 900 MHz 49 0.33997485 0.004813948 %
1800MHz/3G/Wimax
62 3.768730489 0.3694934834 %
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Measurement : Location 3
PKNM - Level9
on 11/23/2010(Averaging over a range of minutes)
Measurement from 23:07 PM until 30:35 PM (Loop Count: 1)
All Packets - Average
PacketTotal Field (RMS)
[V/m] Total ER * 1000 []Power Densit
[W/m]
3G 0.0399 0.0004 4.225844417
CDMA_800 0.0041 0.0000 0.044830679
FSH_WLAN802.11b&g_all 0.1487 0.0059 58.65721366
GSM1800_all 0.0553 0.0009 8.108421674
GSM1800_Celcom 0.0379 0.0004 3.804763089GSM1800_Digi 0.0619 0.0011 10.15596645
GSM1800_Maxis 0.0410 0.0005 4.466210206GSM900_all 0.0517 0.0015 7.088590136
GSM900_Celcom 0.0342 0.0007 3.099961522GSM900_Digi 0.0143 0.0001 0.539017101
GSM900_Maxis 0.0496 0.0014 6.528202291
Wimax 0.0904 0.0022 21.65576668UMTS_Bd I_ChPow 0.6311 0.1070 1056.439433
Sum 0.6683 0.1221 1184.814221
Limit Line: ICNIRP
Antenna: Tri-axis probe - R&S SerNo 101364 RSEMF30-22-08-100237
Packet/Frequency
Radiation Limit
allowed by ICNIRP(Volt/meter)
Radiation
Measured atLocation 3
(Volt/meter)
Exposure Ratio of measured
Radiation with ICNIRPRadiation Limit) (%)
GSM 900 MHz 49 0.06192164 0.000159696 %
1800
MHz/3G/Wimax
62 0.129279503 0.0004347864 %
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Measurement : Location 4
PKNM - Level8
on 11/23/2010(Averaging over a range of minutes)
Measurement from 42:41 PM until 50:16 PM (Loop Count: 1)
All Packets - Average
PacketTotal Field (RMS)
[V/m] Total ER * 1000 []Power Densit
[W/m]
3G 0.0381 0.0004 3.845357338
CDMA_800 0.0040 0.0000 0.042280439
FSH_WLAN802.11b&g_all 0.1472 0.0058 57.49831111
GSM1800_all 0.0424 0.0005 4.771766025
GSM1800_Celcom 0.0402 0.0005 4.284751329GSM1800_Digi 0.0371 0.0004 3.651686558
GSM1800_Maxis 0.0307 0.0003 2.496481501GSM900_all 0.0355 0.0007 3.341538205
GSM900_Celcom 0.0196 0.0002 1.021449364GSM900_Digi 0.0082 0.0000 0.176518177
GSM900_Maxis 0.0296 0.0005 2.321894021
Wimax 0.0891 0.0021 21.06928121UMTS_Bd I_ChPow 0.6223 0.1041 1027.152772
Sum 0.6532 0.1155 1131.674088
Limit Line: ICNIRP
Antenna: Tri-axis probe - R&S SerNo 101364 RSEMF30-22-08-100237
Packet/Frequency
Radiation Limit
allowed by ICNIRP(Volt/meter)
Radiation
Measured atLocation 4
(Volt/meter)
Exposure Ratio of measured
Radiation with ICNIRPRadiation Limit) (%)
GSM 900 MHz 49 0.0364357 0.000055292 %
1800MHz/3G/Wimax
62 0.115435523 0.0003466535 %
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9. MEASUREMENT SUMMARY
Frequency(MHz)
Service
Measurement of Power Density(W/m2)
Average(W/m2)
RFradiationPublicExposureLimit(W/m2)
Location1
Location 2
Location 3
Location 4
8.95MHzFM Radio - - - - - -
174MHzTV - - - - - 2.00
470MHzTV (UHF) - - - - - 2.35
900MHz 2GCellular
309.41
43
306.67
51838
10.167
18091
3.5198
61562
0.00062977653
4.50
1800MHz 2GCellular
146.01
44525
37620.
03
18.426
94
10.432
92
0.03779490431
9.00
2000MHz 3GCellular,Wireless
Broadband
7.9011
78046
33.005
93556
4.2258
44417
3.8453
57338
0.00004897832
10.0
2300MHzWiMAX
19.091
53033
21.191
82928
21.655
76668
21.069
28121
0.00008300841
10.0
2400MHz Wi-Fi 51.98755327
56.36554069
58.65721366
57.49831111
0.00022450862
10.0
10. CONCLUSION
Based on the investigations and measurements, it is concluded that thetelecommunication [tower(s)/structure(s)] comply with the Ministry of Housingand Local Government Guideline 2002, and the RF radiation level is well belowthe permitted Public Exposure Limit.
Therefore [it/they] pose(s) no health and safety risks to the surrounding
community and residents.
Below is the breakdown of the RF radiation level (in terms of Power Density) for agiven frequency range, against the Public Exposure Limit (as stipulated in Table 1):
Frequency range 900 MHz:
Average RF radiation level measured is 0.00062977653 W/m2. It is
0.014% below the permitted Public Exposure Limit.
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Frequency range 1800 MHz:
Average RF radiation level measured is 0.03779490431 W/m2. It is
0.42% below the permitted Public Exposure Limit.
Frequency range 2000 MHz:
Average RF radiation level measured is 0.00004897832 W/m2. It is
0.00049% below the permitted Public Exposure Limit.
Frequency range 2300 MHz:
Average RF radiation level measured is 0.00008300841 W/m2. It is
0.00083% below the permitted Public Exposure Limit.
Frequency range 2400 MHz:
Average RF radiation level measured is 0.00022450862 W/m2. It is
0.00225% below the permitted Public Exposure Limit.
11. ADDITIONAL REFERENCE
http://www.who.int
http://www.icnirp.de
http://www.rfrad.gov.my
http://www.moh.gov.my
Prepared By:__________
Mohd Sufian Bin Abdull Sukor
Verified By:____________