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REPLACE SILICON WITH
NANOTECHNOLOGY
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ABSTRACTA completely new way of designing an
electronic interconnects for nano-scale circuits
using coding theory, by using cross-bar architecture
Nanotechnology in the crossbar latch could
unleash ³ new functions in a circuit ´ , at suchsizes ³ quantum mechanics takes over ´ and
³electrons behave more like waves than particles´.
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IntroductionIntroductionA new way to design future nano-electronic
circuits using 'coding theory', an approach currently
being used in certain computer storage andtelecommunications applications. The result could be
nearly perfect manufacturing yields with equipment a
thousand times less expensive than what might be
required using future versions of current technologies.Believe future chips will have to rely, at least in part, on
the 'cross-bar architecture'.
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Nanotechnology Nanotechnology comprises a wide variety of
disciplines: chemistry, physics, mechanical
engineering, materials science, molecular biology,and computer science.
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CROSS BAR ARCHITECTURE
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FABRICATION OF CROSS-BAR LATCH
Nanoscale molecular-
electronic devices
comprising a single
molecular monolayer of
bistable rotaxanes
sandwiched between two40-nm metal electrodes
were fabricated using
imprint lithography
An atomic force micrograph of a nanoscale
cross-point molecular device with an insertshowing the details of the cross point
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FUNCTIONS OFCROSS-BAR LATCH
� One of the function is to perform logical operation
like ³AND´ , ³OR´ and ³NOT´ gates.
� The other function is to design a 64 bit
memory,using this cross-bar latch.
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Performance of logic functions
Using electronic devices created by trapping
an electrically switchable layer only a few atoms
thick between crossed wires, a logic function can
be performed at each intersection of wires.
By applying a sequence of voltage impulses
to the control lines and using switches of opposite
polarities, the latch can perform the NOT function
essential for general computing operations.
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DESIGN OF 64-BIT MEMORY
The 'highest density
electronically addressable 64-bit
memory' in a space one micron
square - an area so tiny that more
than 1,000 could fit across the
end of a single strand of humanhair can be seen in this series of
pictures, taken with optical and
scanning electron microscopes.
A close-up of a single 64-bit
memory. A bit can be stored
at each of the intersections of
the eight vertical and eight
horizontal wires
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The crossed-wire structure of the
memory
The wafer on which 625 memories
are imprinted
Fabrication of cross-bar latch as a memory
device
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Conclusion
Nanotechnology is a future technology,
which enables 'low-cost , high yield fabricationµ .
The crossbar latch design is "well-suited to
tolerate the inevitable defects that are bound to occur
in the fabrication process at such tiny dimensions" because it doesn't require the same level of precision
as silicon circuits.
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References
[1] Kuekes, Philip J., Duncan R. Stewart and R.
Stanley Williams,´The crossbar latch´ Journal of Applied Physics 97, 034301 (2005).
[2] www.foresight.org.