Download - Renewable Energy
![Page 1: Renewable Energy](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/54654cb1af7959045f8b617c/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Renewable
Energy
Wali Memon
Wali Memon1
![Page 2: Renewable Energy](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/54654cb1af7959045f8b617c/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Estimates of depletable energy resources in the U.S.
Numbers = how long it would last if all energy came from one source
Resource recoverable recoverable and hoped for
Coal 125 1300
Petroleum 5 50?
Natural gas 5 50?
Oil shale 0 2500
Conventional reactors 3 15
Breeder reactors 115 750
Fusion 106 to 109
Geothermal surface 0.2 60
deep rock 0 600Wali Memon2
![Page 3: Renewable Energy](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/54654cb1af7959045f8b617c/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Estimates of renewable energy
Numbers = proportion of current U.S. energy needs that could be supplied for
an indefinite period.
Tidal energy 0.1
Organic Waste 0.1
Photosynthesis 0.23
Hydropower 0.14
Wind Power 5
Solar radiation 740
Wali Memon3
![Page 4: Renewable Energy](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/54654cb1af7959045f8b617c/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Geothermal
Heat near surface of
the earth = geysers,
volcanoes, hot
springs
Wali Memon4
![Page 5: Renewable Energy](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/54654cb1af7959045f8b617c/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Use heat to make steam to turn
turbine for electrical generation
Note: deep hot waters are
corrosive to best to inject clean
water in a closed system and bring
it back to the surface as steam.Wali Memon5
![Page 6: Renewable Energy](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/54654cb1af7959045f8b617c/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
In U.S., much done on
public land = cheap
Very little potential in east
and mid west
Wali Memon6
![Page 7: Renewable Energy](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/54654cb1af7959045f8b617c/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
World wide distribution of
volcanos, hot springs, etc.Japan, Iceland,New Zealand
big users of geothermal.Wali Memon7
![Page 8: Renewable Energy](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/54654cb1af7959045f8b617c/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Wali Memon8
![Page 9: Renewable Energy](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/54654cb1af7959045f8b617c/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Although hot areas near surface are limited, the earth is hot
everywhere if you go down far enough.
Wali Memon9
![Page 10: Renewable Energy](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/54654cb1af7959045f8b617c/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Bright idea!? – drill deep enough to find heat. Since rock is a poor conductor of
heat, set off a big bomb to crack the rock and allow heat to move – then pump
down water to make steam.Wali Memon10
![Page 11: Renewable Energy](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/54654cb1af7959045f8b617c/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Wali Memon11
![Page 12: Renewable Energy](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/54654cb1af7959045f8b617c/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Hydropower = dams
Not much used in world,
why??
Wali Memon12
![Page 13: Renewable Energy](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/54654cb1af7959045f8b617c/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Norway,
Zambia,
Ghana big
usersWali Memon13
![Page 14: Renewable Energy](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/54654cb1af7959045f8b617c/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Wali Memon14
![Page 15: Renewable Energy](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/54654cb1af7959045f8b617c/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Most unused hydropower in U.S. = Alaska,
In World = Canada, Russia
Wali Memon15
![Page 16: Renewable Energy](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/54654cb1af7959045f8b617c/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Problems with hydroelectric
� Location = unused rivers are in extreme north or low population areas
� Competition with recreational uses (U.S.) and environmental concerns
� Hard to build dams in populated river valleys
� Siltation of dams – limited life.
Wali Memon16
![Page 17: Renewable Energy](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/54654cb1af7959045f8b617c/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Tidal Power
1. In areas of large tides
2. Anywhere – build
offshore dam
Wali Memon17
![Page 18: Renewable Energy](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/54654cb1af7959045f8b617c/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Highest tides in the
world = Bay of Fundy
16 meters = 48+ feet!
Wali Memon18
![Page 19: Renewable Energy](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/54654cb1af7959045f8b617c/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Tidal power anywhere
1. No dam – but a turbine.
Problems:
1. Corrosion
2. Navigation
3. Appearance
4. Amount of energy available
is low
5. Best tides are near poles –
away from people.
Wali Memon19
![Page 20: Renewable Energy](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/54654cb1af7959045f8b617c/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Wind Power =
wijnd farms
Banning Pass
Wali Memon20
![Page 21: Renewable Energy](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/54654cb1af7959045f8b617c/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Best wind location = Aleutian Islands,
why no wind development there?
Wali Memon21
![Page 22: Renewable Energy](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/54654cb1af7959045f8b617c/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Best U.S. localities
Midwest, mountains
And coastal areas.
Wali Memon22
![Page 23: Renewable Energy](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/54654cb1af7959045f8b617c/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Wali Memon23
![Page 24: Renewable Energy](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/54654cb1af7959045f8b617c/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Netherlands =
coastal
development
Wali Memon24
![Page 25: Renewable Energy](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/54654cb1af7959045f8b617c/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
England = off shore
Wali Memon25
![Page 26: Renewable Energy](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/54654cb1af7959045f8b617c/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Wali Memon26
![Page 27: Renewable Energy](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/54654cb1af7959045f8b617c/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Wind energy problems
� Location – near population center
� Bird migration –
� Visual
� Must be coupled with other sources of electricity. (intermittent supply)
�
Wali Memon27
![Page 28: Renewable Energy](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/54654cb1af7959045f8b617c/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Solar farm = big
solar plants
Wali Memon28
![Page 29: Renewable Energy](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/54654cb1af7959045f8b617c/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Wali Memon29
![Page 30: Renewable Energy](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/54654cb1af7959045f8b617c/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Wali Memon30
![Page 31: Renewable Energy](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/54654cb1af7959045f8b617c/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
At focal point = heat liquid – steam
to turn turbineWali Memon31
![Page 32: Renewable Energy](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/54654cb1af7959045f8b617c/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Wali Memon32
![Page 33: Renewable Energy](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/54654cb1af7959045f8b617c/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Wali Memon33
![Page 34: Renewable Energy](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/54654cb1af7959045f8b617c/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
‘hard’ vs ‘soft’ energy paths
Hard =
1. Big plants
2. Centralized production
Soft =
1. Decentralized
2. units per household
Wali Memon34
![Page 35: Renewable Energy](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/54654cb1af7959045f8b617c/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Energy efficient house; wind
power on roof. Solar panels
for heat and electricity.
Wali Memon35
![Page 36: Renewable Energy](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/54654cb1af7959045f8b617c/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Solar electricity generation
Wali Memon36
![Page 37: Renewable Energy](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/54654cb1af7959045f8b617c/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Solar water heating solar air heating
Wali Memon37
![Page 38: Renewable Energy](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/54654cb1af7959045f8b617c/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Solar house problems
� The Los Angeles air = smog
� Retrofitting- very expensive
� Hard for big hotels, Walmarts, etc.
Wali Memon38
![Page 39: Renewable Energy](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/54654cb1af7959045f8b617c/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Solar house economics
� Add $16,000 to price of house
� Pay back - $1500 per year in energy costs
� 15 years to break even
Federal tax incentive; 40% of investment can be written off. Discontinued in
1986
City of Claremont – solar energy ordinance. 60% of hot water – solar
Exceptions for equivalent savings of energy = Colleges approach. Why not
trust solar?
Wali Memon39
![Page 40: Renewable Energy](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/54654cb1af7959045f8b617c/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Wali Memon40
![Page 41: Renewable Energy](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/54654cb1af7959045f8b617c/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Electrical generation
Switch from petroleum to coal
and natural gas
Why has hydroelectric
declined?
When did nuclear go up?
Wali Memon41
![Page 42: Renewable Energy](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/54654cb1af7959045f8b617c/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Note: drop in fusion, fission – why?
drop in renewables, increase in fossil fuels.
Wali Memon42