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Rels. 205 Lecture 11.1
Christian Reactions
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John Wesley (1703-1791)
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Jonathan Edwards(1703-1758)
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Evangelicals
“They translate into meaning and life all the liberal plans for the education of adults and children …”
Frederick Denison Maurice
Charles Finney(1792-1875)
John Wesley(1703-1791)
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Charles Grandison Finney (1792-1875)
Lectures on Revival (1835)Systematic Theology (1847)Oberlin College, 1837Anti-Slavery
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200th. Anniversary of the Abolition of the North Atlantic Slave Trade
Slavery was abolished in the British Empire in 1833
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Amazing Grace
http://www.amazinggracemovie.com/
Gustavus Vassa
(Olaudah Equiano)
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Charles Hodge (1797-1878)
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John Henry Newman (1801-1890)
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Historical Truth
And if we trace back the power or ordination from hand to hand, of course we shall come to the Apostles at last.
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The Idea of the University(1852)
http://www.newmanreader.org/works/idea/#contents
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Apostolic Succession
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Frederick Denison Maurice (1805-1872)
The Kingdom of God(1838)
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Christian Socialism
A church which was looked upon, and almost looked upon itself, as a tool of the aristocracy …The Liberal proclamation which says, “Teach them …” was more genial and humane ... More impressive far was the speech of the Methodist and the Evangelical …
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Adolph von Harnack (1851-1930)
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Fatherhood of God – Brotherhood of Man
To our modern way of thinking and feeling, Christ's message appears in the clearest and most direct light when grasped in connexion with the idea of God the Father and the infinite value of the human soul.
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World War I - The Failure of Liberalism
Impact on Church – lost generation
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Karl Barth (1886-1968)
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B.B. Warfield (1851-1921)
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John Gresham Machen (1881-1937)
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The Fundamentals - Issues
Resurrection of Christ – empty tomb
Christ’s death as an atonement for sin
Reality of sin
Rejection of theological liberalism
Reliability of the Bible - the Word of God
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Some Fundamentalist Authors
James Orr - EdinburghB. B. Warfield - PrincetonSir Robert Anderson - LondonH. C. G. Moule - DurhamW. H. Griffith Thomas - Toronto
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The Impact
Church splits
Schisms
Power struggles
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After World War II
The rebirth of EvangelicalismWilliam Franklin “Billy” Graham (1918-)
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The Crusade
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Peace With God (1953)
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Christianity Today
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James Barr
Fundamentalism (1981)
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Barr’s Fundamentalism - 1
1. A very strong emphasis on the inerrancy of the Bible, the absence from it of any sort of error; 2) a strong hostility to modern theology and to the methods, results and implications of modern critical study of the Bible;
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Barr’s Fundamentalism – 2
3) an assurance that those who do not share their religious viewpoint are not really ‘ture Christians’ at all (Barr 1981:1)
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Barr’s Fundamentalism - 3
“fundamentalism is a bad word: the people
to whom it is applied do not like to be so
called. It is often felt to be a hostile and
opprobrious term, suggesting narrowness,
bigotry, obscurantism and sectarianism”
(Barr 1981:2)
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History of FundamentalismS. G. Cole, The History of FundamentalismNew York, 1931
George Marsden, Fundamentalism and American Culture,New York: Oxford University Press, 1980
E.J. Carnell, The Case for Orthodox Theology, London, Marshall Morgan and Scott, 1961
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Evangelicals
A fundamentalist with a Ph.D.
Issue of culture and lifestyle
Question of EschatologyFundamentalism = pre-millenialismEvangelicalism = open issuei.e. Pre, Post, or “A” millenialists
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J.I. Packer
Fundamentalism and the Word of God, London, Inter-Varsity Press, 1958.
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Kenneth KitchenLondon - Egyptology
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Evangelical scholarship
Larry Hurtado – Edinburgh - New Testament
Alvin Plantinga – Nortre Dame – Philosophy
Mark Noll – Wheaton College – History
James Davidson Hunter – Virginia - Sociology