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REDD+ Social and Environmental Standards Initiative
Rahima Njaidi, Community Forest Conservation Network (MJUMITA)-Tanzania
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REDD+ Social & Environmental Standards What are they?
Safeguards that ensure that environmental and social cosiderations are taken into account when developing and implementing REDD+ Progs
• Consist of principles, criteria and indicators that define the necessary conditions to achieve high social and environmental performance
• Provide a framework for assessment of social and environmental performance using a multistakeholder assessment process
• Support the design, implementation and evaluation of government-led REDD+ programs, enabling consistent assessment irrespective of funding source
• Aim to enhance benefits as well as avoid harm.
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Standards development process
Denmark
Nepal
Tanzania
Ecuador
Liberia
60 days 90 days
May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun
Multistakeholder workshops
Public comment periods2009 2010
1st draft
2nd draft
3rd draft
Version 1
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Participating countriesCriteria:
– Significant progress towards a government-led REDD+ program
– Strong government commitment to demonstrating social and environmental performance of REDD
Participating Interested
Ecuador
State of Acre (Brazil)
Province of Central Kalimantan (Indonesia)
Nepal
Tanzania
Cambodia
Philippines
Democratic Republic Congo
Liberia
Peru
Guatemala
State of Chiapas (Mexico)
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Governance of the REDD+ SES Initiative
• International Standards Committee oversees the initiative– Approves each draft of the standards, guidelines on use
– Membership ensures stakeholder balance with a majority from developing countries
– governments of countries implementing REDD+ programs
– indigenous peoples’ organizations
– community associations
– social NGOs
– environmental NGOs
– private sector
• CCBA & CARE are facilitators (international secretariat) with technical support from Proforest
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Developed countries Developing countries
REDD govts Marco Chiu, EcuadorRam Prasad Lamsal, NepalEvarist Nashanda, TanzaniaMonica de los Rios, Acre
IndigenousPeoples orgs
Estebancio Castro Díaz, IAITTF, Panama
Jennifer Rubis, IPNM, Malaysia Kanyinke Sena, IPACC, Kenya
CommunityAssociations
Alberto Chinchilla, ACICAFOC, Costa Rica
Suvas Devkota, FECOFUN, Nepal Rahima Njaidi, MJUMITA, Tanzania
Social NGOs Jeffrey Hatcher, RRI, USA. Samuel Nnah, CED, Cameroon
EnvironmentNGOs
Jenny Springer, WWF, USAConsuelo Espinosa, IUCN
Mauricio Voivodic, IMAFLORA, BrazilBelinda de la Paz, Haribon, Philippines
PrivateSector
Brer Adams, Macquarie. AustraliaLeslie Durschinger, Terra Global,
USA
Rezal Kusumaatmadja, Starling Resources, Indonesia
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Principle 1: Rights to land, territories and resources are recognized and respected
Criteria address:• Identification of rights-holders and their rights• Recognition of statutory and customary rights• Free, prior informed consent• Process to resolve disputes over land/resources
related to the REDD+ program• Carbon rights
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Principle 2: The benefits of the REDD+ program are shared equitably among all relevant rights holders and stakeholders
Criteria address:• Identification of costs, benefits and risks of REDD+ for
different rights holder/stakeholder groups• Transparency, participation, effectiveness and
efficiency of the benefit sharing process• Monitoring of costs and benefits and their distribution
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Principle 3: The REDD+ program contributes to long-term livelihood security and enhances well-being of indigenous peoples and local communities with special attention to the most vulnerable people
Criteria address:• Livelihood security benefits emphasizing most vulnerable• Decision making process on the form benefits will take• Assessment of positive and negative social, cultural and
economic impacts• Measures to mitigate negative & enhance positive impacts
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Principle 4: The REDD+ program contributes to broader sustainable development, respect and protection of human rights and good governance objectives.
Criteria address:• Contribution to sustainable development objectives• Coherence with relevant policies and strategies• Coordination between government and other relevant
agencies/organisations• Improvement in governance of the forest and other
relevant sectors
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Principle 5: The REDD+ program maintains and enhances biodiversity and ecosystem services
Criteria address:• Maintenance and enhancement of biodiversity and
ecosystem services • Assessment of positive and negative impacts on
ecosystem services and biodiversity• Adaptive management of the REDD+ program in
response to impact assessment
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Principle 6: All relevant rights holders and stakeholders participate fully and effectively in the REDD+ program
Criteria address:• Rights holder/stakeholder identification & characterization• Participation in design, implementation and evaluation• Representation of rights holders/stakeholders• Capacity to participate effectively• Building on existing knowledge/skills/management systems• Resolution of grievances
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Principle 7: All rights holders and stakeholders and have timely access to appropriate and accurate information to enable informed decision-making and good governance of the REDD+ program
Criteria address:• Public availability of information for general awareness• Rights holders/stakeholder having information
necessary for full and effective participation• Dissemination of information by representatives to
their constituencies• Feedback from rights holders/stakeholders to their
representatives
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Principle 8: The REDD+ program complies with applicable local and national laws and international treaties and other instruments
Criteria address:• Compliance with relevant local law, national law and
international treaties and agreements• Process for resolving inconsistencies• Capacity of stakeholders to implement and monitor
legal requirements
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What the standards can be applied to
1. Processes for development of country-level REDD+ programs, strategies, policies and plans
2. Implementation of country-level REDD+ policies and plans
3. Social and environmental outcomes on the ground
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Role of the standards
• Provide good practice guidance for the design, implementation or evaluation of a REDD+ program;
• Provide a framework for countries to report on performance of their REDD+ programs through a multistakeholder assessment process;
• Compliance• Assess the social and environmental
performance of a REDD+ program with respect to requirements of the standards
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Using the standards at country level
1. Governance: a multistakeholder country-level Standards Committee approves indicators, process and reports
2. Interpretation: participatory approach to development of country-specific indicators and assessment process
3. Assessment:
a. Monitoring – collection of information to evaluate performance
b. Reviewing – by stakeholders to ensure the information is accurate and credible
c. Reporting – communicating the assessment and ensuring transparency
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Safeguards under the Cancun Agreement
Para 70: encourages reducing emissions from deforestation, degradation, enhancing carbon stocks, sustainable management of forests and conservation of forest carbon stocks. 71. Requests developing country Parties aiming to undertake activities referred to in paragraph 70 above (REDD+), […] to develop the following elements:
(d) A system for providing information on how the safeguards referred to in Annex I to this decision are being addressed and respected throughout the implementation of the activities referred to in paragraph 70, while respecting sovereignty;
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UNFCCC – Cancun Agreement
Annex 1. Safeguards to be supported/promoted:
(a) Actions are consistent with objectives of national forest programmes and relevant international conventions and agreements;
(b) Transparent and effective national forest governance structures;
(c) Respect for the knowledge and rights of indigenous peoples and members of local communities;
d) Full and effective participation of relevant stakeholders;
e) Conservation of natural forests and biological diversity,
• not used for the conversion of natural forests,
• incentivize the protection and conservation of natural forests and their ecosystem services
• enhance other social and environmental benefits;
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Overview of REDD+SES status• Ecuador
– Facilitated by CI, CARE and Govt of Ecuador– Country-level Standards Committee created– First draft of country specific indicators developed through stakeholder
workshop– 90-day public comment period and 2 indigenous peoples workshops– Developing a monitoring plan
• Brazil – Acre State– Facilitated by CARE and State Government– Standards committee being created– First draft of country specific indicators
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Overview of status
• Nepal– Facilitated by FECOFUN and Govt. of Nepal– Standards committee in place– Safeguards integration and planning workshop in July 2011– Country specific interpretation to start in July 2011
• Tanzania– Facilitated by Clinton Climate Initiative and Govt. of Tanzania– Safeguards committee being created– Safeguards integration and planning workshop in May 2011– Country specific interpretation to start in July 2011
• Indonesia – Central Kalimantan– Facilitated by Clinton Climate Initiative and Provincial Govt.– Task force established, Standards committee under discussion– Country specific interpretation to start in July 2011?
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Challenges and lessons learned
• Multiple national and international safeguards mechanisms
• Implementing and assessing free, prior and informed consent
• Capacity to manage multistakeholder processes
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Contribution of REDD+ SES
• Consistent and comprehensive performance assessment framework developed through international consensus
• Indicators and assessment process are tailored to the country context
• Multistakeholder approach (government, civil society and private sector) enhances quality, credibility and joint ownership
• Promotes higher social and environmental performance beyond “no harm”
• Enables participating countries to communicate performance to national and international stakeholders
• Enables donors/investors to reduce risk and recognize/reward higher performance
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THANK YOU
MERCIASANTE