REALISMREALISM Began in the mid-1800s Began in the mid-1800s Real people-workers, peasants, family Real people-workers, peasants, family
members members Muted tones to represent real life Muted tones to represent real life Influenced by earlier artists Influenced by earlier artists Pieter Bruegel the Elder-scenes Pieter Bruegel the Elder-scenes
depicting peasant life depicting peasant life Louis Le Nain--depicted peasant Louis Le Nain--depicted peasant
families families Chardin-peaceful scenes of middle-Chardin-peaceful scenes of middle-
class life class life
Author of the Realist Manifesto Proclaimed: "Show me an angel, and I will paint one." Held a one-man art show called the Pavilion of Realism
Gustave Courbet
Burial at Omans Funeral of common people set in Courbet's hometown Real people are important and worthy of grand art
Stonebreakers Even lowly workers are worthy of being depicted in art Muted colors help convey the seriousness of real life
Famous for political lithographs that satirized French society
Grouped with Realists because of his interest in common people
Daumier
Rue Transnonain
Tragic scene of a family executed by the police in their apartment
MARIE-ROSALIE (ROSA) BONHEUR, The Horse Fair, 1853–1855
•Famous for her realistic paintings of animals
•Horse Fair-realistic depiction of horses, buyers and sellers
Edouard Manet
•Early paintings have realistic qualities but later paintings include Impressionistic qualities
•Challenged French conventions, inspired Impressionists
Luncheon on the GrassRevolutionary because it depicts a nude woman sitting with two clothed men in a picnic setting Traditional elements-Composition based on Giorgione's Pastoral Symphony; references to Raphael's Judgment of Paris Revolutionary elements-Central figure is naked and looking at the viewer Rejected by the Salon and displayed at the Salon des Refuses of 1863
Olympia
Recumbent nude female
Olympia is in front of the picture plane; not a goddess
Critics lambaste Manet's technique and subject matter
Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood
Group of English Realist painters from the mid-19th century
Rejected the subject matter of the French Realists Subject matter based on literature, famous fictional stories
Realistic paintings but scenes resemble a fantasy world
JOHN EVERETT MILLAIS, Ophelia, 1852
PhotographyPhotography Early photographs were called daguerreotypes Early photographs were called daguerreotypes A new medium to rival painting A new medium to rival painting Ingres and Degas used photography as an aid Ingres and Degas used photography as an aid Most painters felt threatened Most painters felt threatened
LOUIS-JACQUES-MANDÉ DAGUERRE, Still Life in Studio, 1837. Daguerreotype.
Nadar Famous French portrait
photographer Pioneer in aerial photography
Eadweard Muybridge Horse Galloping, 1878 Pioneer in sequential motion photography Technique influenced later artists such as Duchamp
Winslow Homer
•American painter who popularized the use of watercolors •Famous for seascapes and Civil War scenes