Download - Ramón Esono Ebalé & Equatorial Guinea
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Ramón Esono Ebalé&
Equatorial Guinea
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Malabo, capital of Equatorial Guinea
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A Brief History ofEquatorial Guinea
• 1472: Island of Bioko discovered by Portuguese explorer Fernão do Pó
• 1474: Islands of Bioko and Annobón colonized by Portugal
• 1778: Islands and adjacent islets were ceded to Spain, along with commercial rights to the mainland
• 1900: Mainland portion, Rio Muni, became a Spanish colony
• 1926-1959: Mainland territories unified as Spanish Guinea• 1968: Independence from Spanish rule
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Languages & Culture
• The official languages of the country are Spanish, French, and Portuguese
• Other languages include Fang and Bubi• Ethnic groups are Fang, Bubi, Mdowe, Annobon, and
Buieba• The most practiced
religion is Christianity, with the majority being Roman Catholic
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History of the Government
• 1968: Francisco Macias Nguema becomes the first elected president of Equatorial Guinea
• 1972: Macias Nguema created a single-party state and made himself president for life
• His rule was a reign of terror, during which a third of the population was either killed or fled the country
• 1979: He was tried and executed after he was deposed by his nephew and current president, Teodoro Obiang
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Current Government
• The current president, Teodoro Obiang, has extensive powers
• While the country is officially a multiparty democracy, elections are considered a sham
• Equatorial Guinea is considered to be among the top 12 most corrupt states in the world
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Economy• Oil reserves were found in 1996• The country is one of the richest in
Africa, but wealth is unevenly distributed among the population
• President Obiang’s family has gotten richer at the expense of the people
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Urbanization
• About 40% of the population lives in urban areas and increasing yearly by 5%
• To make way for roads and buildings, families have been evicted and left homeless
• While urban areas have increased, not very many people benefit from them
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Health & Sanitation
• The country lacks widespread access to potable tap water
• The United Nations reports that 20% of children die before reaching the age of five
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Human Rights
• Equatorial Guinea is one of the world’s worst violators of human rights, among the "worst of the worst" in annual surveys
• Human rights abuses by the government continue, even after President Obiang signed an anti-torture decree in 2006
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Human Trafficking• Human trafficking: the sale,
transport, and profiting from people forced into service (military, labor, and/or sexual exploitation)
• Women and children are trafficked to Equatorial Guinea from nearby countries
• The government is not doing anything to protect victims of human trafficking or to eliminate trafficking
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Bio: Ramón Esono Ebalé
• b. 1977• Self-taught artist from Equatorial Guinea• Currently lives in exile in Paraguay• Graphic novelist and Comic artist
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Critiquing the Government
Much of Esono Ebalé’swork critiques government corruption/dictatorship, human rights violations, and efforts to oppress freedom of expression in his home country of Equatorial Guinea.
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Art Educator
• In addition to being an artist, Esono Ebalé is an art educator and currently teaches in Paraguay.
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La Pesadilla de Obi (Obi’s Nightmare), 2013[graphic novel ]
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Bozales (Muzzles), series, 2011
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Votez…Encore et Encore (Vote…Again and Again), comic, 2005-06
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Dictadores (Dictators), series (2009)