Download - Radiation Emergency Module_Trainer Version
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Radiation emergencies Basic knowledge and guide
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Every year, dozens of radioactive sources go missing around the world
Most are recovered
Many are not
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Sri Lanka, 24 September 2012
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Americium-beryllium, a radioactive source, found in scrap metal from Benin on way to India intercepted in Sri Lanka
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Canada, May 2012
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A container ship from China containing radioactive kitchenware is intercepted in the port of Montreal
It contained cobalt-60, which is highly radioactive, dissolved in the metal used to make pots and pans
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Mayapuri, India, April 2010
Eight severe radiation injuries including one death following discovery of radioactive source in scrapyard Industrial device from university had been sold at auction
It contained cobalt-60, which is highly radioactive
Cobalt 60 cut in 11 pieces and shared by the people
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Chile, 14 December 2005
Radioactive source from an industrial device falls out of the device
Found by unsuspecting worker, who put it in his pocket
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Brazil, September 2007
Abandoned cancer therapy source found by unsuspecting public: four dead, 20 hospitalized 249 contaminated
112.000 monitored
3500 m3 contaminated waste
The source weighed 93 mg
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Mississippi, 3 December 1983
Highway collision destroys truck carrying radiopharmaceuticals and spreads radioactive material; quick response saves the day
Scene cleared in 10 hours
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Accidents happen
Brazil, April 2012: Vehicle with radiation device stolen in Rio
Bulgaria, September 2012: Thieves get away with industrial radiography camera Source found one day later
UK, November 2006: Russian spy poisoned with radioactive material; contamination found around the world
Russia, September 2004: Security boss poisoned with radioactive material
China, May 2002: Chinese scientists irradiates his competition; 75 hospital workers report radiation sickness
Georgia, February 2002: Three workers sustain radiation injuries after finding orphaned source in woods
And the list goes on
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In Canada only, 110 sources missing or stolen since 2005
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70 Recovered
40 not recovered
20 dangerous sources
90 less hazardous
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Do I have your attention?
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Typical radioactive sources in Trinidad and Tobago
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Is radioactive material dangerous?
No, if you know what to do
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What is radiation?
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A radioactive atom is unstable and decays
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Alpha radiation
Beta radiation
Gamma radiation
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Protection
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Background radiation dose level 2 3 mSv/year
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Effects of radiation on health
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Acute Effects
> 150,000 x daily background
0.01
0.10
1.00
10.00
100.00
1,000.00
10,000.00D
ose r
ate
(m
Sv/d
)
AcuteEffects
EmergencyLevels
NaturalBackground
Natural
Background
Risk of cancer increases
Severe health effects possible
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Radiation risk in perspective
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One cigarette shortens life by 2 minutes.
One mSv shortens life by about the same.
One bottle of wine shortens life by 4 minutes.
One work-day shortens life by 8 hours.
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How do you know radiation is present?
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Signs that radiation is or maybe present
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How do we detect radiation?
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Radiation detection
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What do I do if I come across radiation?
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First response actions
Notify ODPM/TEMA
Stay Away and cordon off
Adopt basic Precautions
Save Lives
Mitigate
Wait for Assistance
Check people before they leave 25
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Safe distances
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Situation Initialsafetyperimeter
Outdoors
Unshieldedordamagedsource 30mradiusSpillinvolvingradioactivematerial 100mradius
Fireinvolvingradioactivematerial 300mradius
IndoorsLossofshieldingorspillinvolvingradioactivematerial
Affectedroomandimmediatelyadjacentrooms,includingaboveandbelow
Fire Entirebuilding
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Basic protection
From a source
Time
Distance
Shielding
Do not handle the source
Contamination suspected
Respiratory protection
Protective clothing
Dont eat, dont smoke
Decontaminate
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Life saving
Do not delay life saving because there is radiation
It is preferable to decontaminate the casualty before transport to a hospital
If casualty is critical, do not waste time decontaminating
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Psychological impacts
Do not undermine the possible risk of psychological impacts to yourself or your co-workers from responding to a radiation emergency
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