Download - RACE TO THE GOVERNOR’S HOUSE #5
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RACE TO THE GOVERNOR’S HOUSE#5
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1)During the period of __________ after the Civil War, Virginia faced
many problems.
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Reconstruction
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2)What did Congress create to help newly freed slaves after the Civil War because they
needed food, schools, and medical care?
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Freedmen’s Bureau
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3) This system developed because plantation owners
lacked money to pay for workers, and freedmen and poor white farmers needed land and
work.
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sharecropping
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4)Why was Virginia’s economy in ruins after the Civil War?
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1) Money had no value.
2) Banks were closed.
3) Railroads, bridges, plantations, and crops were destroyed.
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5)After the Civil War, people moved from rural to _____ areas, seeking
economic opportunities.
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urban
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6)The practice of _____, or separating people by race or
religion, had a significant impact on life in Virginia in the 20th century.
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segregation
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7) In the 1954 case of Brown v. Board of Education, the U.S.
Supreme Court ruled that “separate but equal” public schools were
___________.
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unconstitutional
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8)Who was the first African American woman in the U.S. to
establish a bank and become bank president?
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Maggie Lena Walker
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9) Under the Jim Crow laws, African-Americans were forced to use separate, poor-quality facilities and services
such as _______________, ____________, and ________________.
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drinking fountains
restrooms
restaurants
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10) “Jim Crow” laws led to the use of unfair ________ ________ and _____ _______ which were established to keep
African American men from voting.
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poll taxes voting tests
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11) During the period of Reconstruction, African-Americans began to have power in
Virginia’s ______ and men of all races could vote.
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government
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12) After Reconstruction, gains made by African Americans were lost when _______ ________ ________ were passed by southern
states. These laws discriminated against African-Americans and American Indians by establishing segregation.
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Jim Crow Laws
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13)During the time of “Jim Crow” laws, African Americans found it very difficult to
____ or hold_______ _______.
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votepublic office
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14) During the 20th and 21st centuries, Virginia changed from a _____, agricultural society to a more _____, industrial society.
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ruralurban
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15)After Reconstruction, Virginia’s cities began to _____ with people, businesses, and
factories.
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grow
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16)Name two reasons why agriculture began to change in Virginia during the early 20th
century.
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1.Old systems of farming were no longer effective
2. Crop prices were too low
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17) _____________ were a key to the expansion of business, agriculture, and industry. They
facilitated the growth of small towns into cities.
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railroads
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18) Name three technological developments in transportation that helped cities to grow after Reconstruction and helped
expand business, agriculture, and industry.
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roadsrailroads
streetcars
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19) _____ was discovered in Tazewell county and boosted Virginia’s economic growth.
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Coal
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20) Who was the first African-American governor in the United States? (He was
governor for Virginia.)
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L. Douglas Wilder
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21) Who was known for the “pay-as-you-go” policy for road improvements?
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Harry F. Byrd Sr.
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22) Who was the first African-American winner of a major men’s tennis championship? He was also an author and spokesperson for social change.
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Arthur Ashe
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23) Who led the Massive Resistance Movement against integration of public
schools in Virginia?
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Harry F. Byrd Sr.
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24) ___________ farming and the manufacture of __________ products became important Virginia
industries, particularly in the Piedmont region.
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tobacco, tobacco
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25)_____ is the unfair difference in the treatment of people.
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Discrimination
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26) All public schools, including those in Virginia, were ordered to _____ in order to end racial segregation. The policy
of Massive Resistance failed and Virginia’s public schools were finally integrated.
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desegregate
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27) As Virginia grew, the need for more and better _____ increased.
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roads
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28)____ is the full equality of all races in the use of public facilities and services. In Virginia,
some schools were closed to avoid this.
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integration
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29) Virginia’s government adopted a policy of ______ _______ which fought to “resist” the
integration of public schools.
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Massive Resistance
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30) Who was a 20th century president who wrote a plan for world peace?
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Woodrow Wilson
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31) He was a military leader who created an economic plan to ensure world peace
following World War II.
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George C. Marshall
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32) In the 20th century, Northern Virginia experienced growth due to an increase in the number of __________ ___________ jobs in the region.
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federal government
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33) Who was a lawyer and Civil Rights leader who worked for equal rights? He played a key
role in Brown v. Board of Education.
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Oliver W. Hill
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34) He was a governor of Virginia who promoted racial equality. He also appointed more African Americans to positions in VA’s state government than any previous
governor.
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A. Linwood Holton, Jr.
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35) In the late 20th and early 21st centuries, Northern Virginia and the Coastal Plain region
have grown due to _______ _______.
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computer technology