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Zinc Foliar Uptake EfficiencyZinc Foliar Uptake EfficiencyR. Scott Johnson
UC Extension Pomologistg
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Reported Zn Uptake EfficienciesReported Zn Uptake Efficiencies
6 % Pi hi2.1 to 6.5% Pistachios3.5% Walnuts3 56.0% Beans0 2% Pecans0.2% Pecans<1.0% Citrus0.2 to 14.5% Peaches
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F t Aff ti Zi F li U t kFactors Affecting Zinc Foliar Uptake
Pl S iPlant SpeciesZn FormulationZn Concentration in SolutionLength of Time for Uptakeg pZn Status of the PlantLeaf AgeLeaf AgeAdditives – Surfactants, Urea etc.
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Zi M t i lZinc Materials
Basic Chemicals Zn sulfate
Chelates & Complexes EDTA
Zn oxide Zn carbonate
EDTA Lignosulfonate Amino acidZn carbonate
Zn chloride Zn oxysulfate
Amino acid Sugar Citric acid Zn oxysulfate
Zn nitrate Citric acid Fulvic acid, humic acid
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Leaf Area of Individual Leaves
12.02) C t l
3.0
6.0
9.0
Leaf
Are
a (c
m ControlSulfateNitrateCarbohyOxide
0.0-10 0 10 20
Node from Time of Treatment
L
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Comparing Zinc Formulations
Ranking Formulation Anion SizeSolubility(g/100 H2O) Phytotoxicity
Most Effective Zinc Chloride 35 432 High (58*)Most Effective Zinc Chloride 35 432 High (58*)
Almost As GoodZinc Nitrate 62 324 High (54)Zinc Nitrate Mix 62 & 96 324 High (59)
Next Best
Zinc Sulfate 96 50 Moderate (12)Zinc Carbohydrate 96 & ? High Moderate
&Zinc Polyamine 96 & 75-204 High ModerateZinc Glycine 96 & 75 Moderate (15)
Zinc EDTA 292 High LowLess Effective
Zinc EDTA 292 High LowZinc Leonardite 1000+ High LowZinc Oxysulfate 16 & 96 1.3 None
Least EffectiveZinc Phosphite 79 ? Low (17)Zinc Oxide
Suspension16 Insoluble None
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F t Aff ti Zi F li U t kFactors Affecting Zinc Foliar Uptake
Pl S iPlant SpeciesZn FormulationZn Concentration in SolutionLength of Time for Uptakeg pZn Status of the PlantLeaf AgeLeaf AgeAdditives – Surfactants, Urea etc.
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Peach Seedlings - 68ZnSO4 Rate68Zn Taken Up by Plant as % of Applied
Peach Seedlings - 68ZnSO4 Rate68Zn Taken Up by Plant as % of Applieda e Up by a t as % o pp eda e Up by a t as % o pp ed
3
2
3
b b
a
%Uptake
%Uptake
1
2 b bb
0
1
d
c
UTC 100 200 400 1000 5000
Treatment - ppm ZincTreatment - ppm Zinc
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Peach Seedlings - 68ZnSO4 Rate68Zn in Untreated Plant Organs
Peach Seedlings - 68ZnSO4 Rate68Zn in Untreated Plant OrgansU t eated a t O ga sU t eated a t O ga s
4 a
68Zn68Zn 3
4
b
From Fertilizer
(mg)
From Fertilizer
(mg)2 c
0
1e
ded
Treatment - ppm ZincTreatment - ppm Zinc
UTC 100 200 400 1000 5000
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F t Aff ti Zi F li U t kFactors Affecting Zinc Foliar Uptake
Pl S iPlant SpeciesZn FormulationZn Concentration in SolutionLength of Time for Uptakeg pZn Status of the PlantLeaf AgeLeaf AgeAdditives – Surfactants, Urea etc.
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Recovery of Labelled 68Zn Sulfate Applied toRecovery of Labelled 68Zn Sulfate Applied toy ppLeaves of One-Year-Old Peach Trees in the Fall
y ppLeaves of One-Year-Old Peach Trees in the Fall
44
55DormantDormant One month after BloomOne month after Bloom
33
44% of
Label Z
% of
Label Z
11
22Zn
AppliedZn
Applied
00RootsRoots TrunkTrunk ShootsShoots NewNew
GrowthGrowthRootsRoots TrunkTrunk ShootsShoots
GrowthGrowth
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F t Aff ti Zi F li U t kFactors Affecting Zinc Foliar Uptake
Pl S iPlant SpeciesZn FormulationZn Concentration in SolutionLength of Time for Uptakeg pZn Status of the PlantLeaf AgeLeaf AgeAdditives – Surfactants, Urea etc.
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18
Zinc Status Experiment
14
16
18HiControl
Hi+Sulfate
10
12
ea (c
m2)
LoControl
L +S lf t
4
6
8
Leaf
Are Lo+Sulfate
0
2
4
10 0 10 20 30-10 0 10 20 30Node From Time of Foliar Treatment
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Zinc Status Experiment
High Zinc 6 0% Uptake of Foliar 68ZnHigh Zinc – 6.0% Uptake of Foliar 68Zn
Low Zinc – 7.2% Uptake of Foliar 68Zn
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F t Aff ti Zi F li U t kFactors Affecting Zinc Foliar Uptake
Pl S iPlant SpeciesZn FormulationZn Concentration in SolutionLength of Time for Uptakeg pZn Status of the PlantLeaf AgeLeaf AgeAdditives – Surfactants, Urea etc.
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Zinc Uptake and Leaf Age(From work of Patrick Brown)(From work of Patrick Brown)
PistachioYoung Leaves – 6.5% Zn UptakeM t L 2 1% Z U t kMature Leaves – 2.1% Zn Uptake
WalnutNo Difference
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F t Aff ti Zi F li U t kFactors Affecting Zinc Foliar Uptake
Pl S iPlant SpeciesZn FormulationZn Concentration in SolutionLength of Time for Uptakeg pZn Status of the PlantLeaf AgeLeaf AgeAdditives – Surfactants, Urea etc.
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Surfactants Added to 68Zn Sulfate
68Z
3
ab
aab
b bab
68Zn Uptake
(% of applied)2
b b
1
c
ControlNone
L77( 20)L77(.05)
SilSKinetic
Super 7
0c
Control L77(.20) SilSuper Super 7
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F t Aff ti Zi F li U t kFactors Affecting Zinc Foliar Uptake
Pl S iPlant SpeciesZn FormulationZn Concentration in SolutionLength of Time for Uptakeg pZn Status of the PlantLeaf AgeLeaf AgeAdditives – Surfactants, Urea etc.
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Zinc FertilizationZinc Fertilization
A l if t Apply if symptoms appear or leaf Zn < 10 to 12 ppm or Sept shoot Zn < 20 ppmSept shoot Zn < 20 ppm
If needed in mature trees – If needed in mature trees –spray 4 to 8 lbs/acre of zinc sulfate (36% Zn) in early fall (3 ) y– can be applied with urea
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http://ucanr.org/sites/fruitreport/p g p