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What is it…?
A Duck, or a Rabbit?!
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Pythagoras: “All is Number” the “Music of the Spheres”
Intervals between harmonious musical notes always have whole number ratios. Playing half a length of a guitar string gives the same note as the open string, but an octave higher; a third of a length gives a different but harmonious note; etc. Non-whole number ratios, on the other hand, tend to give dissonant sounds. Pythagoras described the primary building blocks of musical harmony: the octave (1:1), the perfect fifth (3:2), the perfect fourth (4:3) and the major third (5:4).
Pythagoras at his “Monochord”:
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The “Geocentric Universe” of Pythagoras & Aristotle
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So… If the “Dome of the Stars” turns the Universe, then what turns the Dome of the Stars…?
Obviously, it’s the “Prime Mover”!
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The Golden Age of Islamic Astronomy (825 – 1450 A.D.)
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Nicolaus Copernicus (1473 – 1543 A.D.)
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Giordano Bruno
The monument to Bruno in the place he was executed, Campo de' Fiori in Rome.
(1548 – 1600 A.D.)
“It may be you fear more to deliver judgment upon me than I fear judgment.”
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Galileo Galilei (1564 – 1642 A.D.)
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Galileo's Sidereus Nuncius (the “Starry Messenger”), this edition from 1653. Galileo first described craters and mountains on the Moon, as seen with a telescope.
Galileo Observed… Enormous Craters on the Moon
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Galileo's sketch of a sky filled with stars. (A drawing of the Andromeda Galaxy… …Like the Milky Way!)
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Galileo Observed… Four Large Moons of Jupiter
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Galileo Observed… The Phases of Venus
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The first successful measurements of Stellar Parallax (of 61 Cygni)…
Friedrich Bessel’s “Heliometer”
in 1838!
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Tycho Brahe (1546 – 1601 A.D.) (and his Private Observatory, “Uraniborg”, on Hven Island)
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Johannes Kepler (1571 – 1630 A.D.)
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Kepler’s 1st Law…
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Kepler’s 1st Law: Planetary Orbits are Ellipses with the Sun at 1 Focus
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Kepler’s 2nd Law…
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Kepler’s 2nd Law: Equal Areas are “Swept Out” in Equal Times
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Kepler’s 3rd Law:
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Isaac Newton (1642 – 1727 A.D.)
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waowen.screaming.net/revision/force&motion/ncananim.htm
“Newton’s Cannon” Animation:
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Q: How to detect dim “Extrasolar Planets” (“Exoplanets”)?
A: Use Newton’s Third Law!(“Action-Reaction”…
i.e., “Force-Counterforce”)
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Extrasolar Planets(“Exoplanets”)
Web Link: The Extrasolar Planets Encyclopedia(http://exoplanet.eu)
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“There is a single general space, a single vast immensity which we may freely call void: in it are innumerable globes like this on which we live and grow, this space we declare to be infinite, since neither reason, convenience, sense-perception nor nature assign to it a limit.”
— Giordano Bruno
Quoted in Joseph Silk, “The Big Bang” (1997) Giordano Bruno
Habitable Exoplanets Catalog (http://phl.upr.edu/projects/habitable-exoplanets-catalog)