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Purpose of Operating System
Monil Adhikari
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Agenda• Introduction• Responsibilities of Operating System• User Interfaces• Command Line Interface• Graphical User Interface
• Exercise
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Introduction• Operating System (OS) - a set of programs that manage computer
hardware resources and provide common services for application software.• The operating system acts as an interface between the hardware and
the programs requesting I/O. It is the most fundamental of all system software programs.
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Introduction
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Responsibilities of OS• Hiding the complexities of hardware from the user.•Managing between the hardware's resources which
include the processors, memory, data storage and I/O devices.• Handling "interrupts" generated by the I/O controllers.• Sharing of I/O between many programs using the CPU.
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User Interface• Command Line Interface (CLI)• Graphical User Interface (GUI)
The most well known Operating Systems include:• System Software - programs that manage the operation of a
computer.• Application Software - programs that help the user perform a
particular task.
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Command Line Interface
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Command Line Interface (Contd.)• The more primitive User Interface, the user would type in a line of
command or a single word followed by pressing the Return key. • The computer then willingly follows that exact command, informing
the user of its progress. For example, the user may want to type in the command to print a document. • The user will type the statement Print, then the name of the Printer
and finally the name of the file to be printed:
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Pros and Cons• Pros• CLIs can run on simple hardware with limited resources.• Some commands may be simpler to perform in a CLI than in a GUI.
• Cons• Learning the commands may make it not suitable for a new user.• Some commands may be harder to perform in a CLI than in a GUI.
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Graphical User Interface (GUI)
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Graphical User Interface (GUI)• The GUI is made up of boxes or Windows which will display as an array of usually
colourful tiny blocks called Pixels, and a group of pixels is a called an image. • The maximum number of colours that can be used are called the Graphics. This
User interface will display a Main window (also known as the Desktop) which then can be accompanied by more windows. • GUI is the most common of the User interfaces, and the most user friendly,
made up of event driven software. • This type of UI is best for users lacking in computer coding skills, since GUI only
needs you to make use of the mouse's events. • There are still some people who prefer the use of a Command Line Interface to a
Graphical User Interface.
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Pros and Cons• Pros• Simple and intuitive for new users.• Some commands may be simpler to perform in a GUI than in a CLI
• Cons• GUIs require system resources and more complex hardware than CLIs.• Some commands may be harder to perform in a GUI than in a CLI
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Exercises1. Name the two types of Operating System Interfaces.2. Give two benefits and a draw back of using a CLI.3. Give two benefits and a draw back of using a GUI.4. Why do some system administrators prefer to use Telnet (a CLI) instead of a GUI to control remote computers?
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Thank You