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PSYCHOANALYSIS&
GENDER
By: CARMEN ESSA
Edited By: Dr. PicartAssociate Professor of EnglishCourtesy Associate Professor of Law
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Goal/Aim
The goal of this class is to understand
psychoanalysis, fetishism, sadism, the
theories of Freud and Jacques Lacan,
and apply them to the films, Marnie and
Psycho.
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OVERVIEWOVERVIEW
“Psychoanalytic Criticism”
“Visual Pleasure and Narrative Cinema”
Interactive Game
Alfred Hitchcock Marnie Psycho
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Psychoanalysis
• Analyze dreams, feelings, and/or behavior. Search for hidden repressions
• Using free association to understand or investigate what goes on in the mind.
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Psychoanalytic CriticismBy: Gail Houston
I. Freudian Models A. Dynamic model
• Conscious
• Unconscious
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Economic Model
• Pleasure principle
• Reality principle-
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Topographical Model
• Conscious
• Preconscious
• Unconscious
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Topographical Model #2
• Superego
• Ego
• Id
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Freud’s Seven Steps to becoming a “normal” member of society.
• Oral phase
• Anal phase
• Phallic phase
• Oedipus complex
• Castration complex
• Latency stage
• Genital stage
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Jacques Lacan“mapping of human identity”
• The Real
• The Imaginary
• The Symbolic Order
• Phallus as Signifier
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QUESTION # 1
In Freud’s seven stages to becoming a “normal” member of society, in which of the following stages does the child realize it is separate from its mother?
a. oral stage
b. anal stage
c. phallic stage
d. latency stage
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QUESTION # 2
Which of the following phases represents the stage in which the male child fears that the father has castrated the mother and will do the same to him?
a. Oedipus complex
b. Castration complex
c. Phallic phase
d. Latency stage
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QUESTION # 3
This stage is sort of a pre-adolescent stage and must take place in order for the genital organization stage to take place.
a. Phallic stage
b. Latency stage
c. Anal stage
d. Oedipus complex stage
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QUESTION # 4
In this phase, the male child sees his father as the masculine role model and identifies the father as the norm for the male gender.
a. phallic phase
b. oral stage
c. latency stage
d. castration complex
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QUESTION # 5
Which of the following did Jacques Lacan say was your ideal image of yourself?
Hint: it’s also called the mirror stage.
a. Real
b. Imaginary
c. Ego
d. Id
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QUESTION # 6
Lacan defines this as the period when the father breaks the mother and child bond and imposes the rules of society on the child.
a. Real
b. Imaginary
c. Symbolic Order
d. Oedipus Complex stage
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QUESTION # 7
Lacan identifies this as the time when both sexes seek to become “whole” by becoming what the other sex desires.
a. Real
b. Imaginary
c. Mirror stage
d. Phallus as signifier
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Castration Anxiety
According to Freud, the image of
woman triggers castration anxiety.
This leads to male fetishism because
males have to get pleasure another
way usually by fetishcizing about other
female body parts.
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Mulvey’s Three Classical Hollywood Cinema Looks
• Camera
• Audience
• Characters
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Laura Mulvey: “Visual Pleasure & Narrative Cinema
Visual Pleasure (two forms):
A. Scopophilia
B. Identification
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Reliefs for Castration anxiety
• Voyeurism
• Sadism
• Fetishism
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Brief History of Alfred Hitchcock
• Born in London, 1899
• Died 1980
• Strict Roman Catholic family
• Attended Jesuit school as a teenager
• Became sketch artist
• Screenwriter, director, & producer.
Source: http://users.netreach.net/treyl/hitchcock.htm
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“The Jesuits terrified me to death, and now I am getting my own back by terrifying other people.”
(Phillips 6)
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Marnie
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1st Images of Marnie
• Please watch the first five minutes of Marnie and identify as many terms as possible.
• Note: Pay particular attention to the first few images of Marnie.
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1st Images of Marnie
Shot/Reverse Shot
Extreme Close-Up
Medium Shot
Long Shot
Extreme Long Shot
Fade
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Interview Scene
• Students will watch the last few minutes of Marnie’s scene with her mother and then the scene where she is interviewed. Students will identify film terms.
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Interview Scene
• Low Key-Lighting
• High Key Lighting
• High angle shots
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1st Meeting with Mark
• Please watch this five minute clip and identify all film terms.
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1st Meeting with Mark
• Extreme long shot
• Point of view shot
• Shot/reverse shot
• Medium shot
• Close up
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Bedroom Scene #2
• Please watch this five minute clip and identify all film terms.
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Bedroom Scene #2
• High/Low Key lighting
• High/Low Angle shots
• Dolly Shot
• Fade
• Extreme Close up
• Pan
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Medium Close-Up
Source: http://www.tvguide.com
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Psycho’s 1st scene
• Students will watch the first five minutes of the movie and identify all film terminology.
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Psycho’s 1st scene-Things to look for:
• Sound
• Pans
• Dissolve
• Shot/Reverse Shot
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Voyeur & Shower Scene
• Please observe this five minute clip and identify all film terms.
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Voyeur & Shower Scene
Things to look for: Point of view shot
High Key Lighting
Low Key Lighting
High Angle Shot
Low Angle Shot
Zoom
Pan
Extreme Close up
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Psycho
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Last scene of Psycho
• Please observe this five minute clip and identify all film terms.
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Last scene of Psycho.
• Shot/Reverse Shot
• Zoom/Close up
• Voice Over
• Dissolve
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“I don’t care about the acting. I don’t care about the subject matter. My main satisfaction is that the film had an effect on the audience.”
Source: Phillips, Gene. Alfred Hitchcock
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Sources
Phillips, Gene. Alfred Hitchcock.NY: 1984. Pgs. 6-9
Mulvey, Laura. “Visual Pleasure and Narrative Cinema.” The Sexual Subject: A Screen Reader in Sexuality. NY: 1992
Houston, Gail. “Psychoanalytic Criticism.”The Critical Experience. 1994