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THE BISHOP
SCHOOL, CAMP
COMPUTER PROJECTON
TOPOLOGIES
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BY: ANSH SHATANI
ROLL NO. 43
DIV:- VI-B
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TOPOLOGIES AND THEIR TYPES
Different Kinds Of Network Topology In ComputerNetworks
The way in which the connections are made is called the
topology of the computer network. Now I am
discussing about network topology,Network
topology specifically refers to the physical layout of the
network, especially the locations of the computers and how
the cable is run between them.
FIVE MOST COMMON TOPOLOGIES ARE:
BUS
STAR
RING MESH
TREE
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BUS TOPOLOGY:
Bus topologies
All the devices on a bus topology are connected by one single cable.
When one computer sends a signal up the wire, all the computers on
the network receive the information, but only one accepts the
information. The rest regrets the message. One computer can send a
message at a time. A computer must wait until the bus is free before it
can transmit. When the signal reaches the end of the wire, it bounces
back and travels back up the wire. When a signal echoes back and forth
along an unterminated bus, it is called ringing. To stop the signals from
ringing, attach terminators at either end of the segment. The
terminators absorb the electrical energy and stop the reflection.
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STAR TOPOLOGY:
Star TopologyAll the cables run from the computers to a central location, where they
are all connected by a device called a hub. Each computer on a star
network communicates with a central hub that resends the message
either to all the computers or only to the destination computers. Hub
can be active or passive in the star network Active hub regenerates theelectrical signal and sends it to all the computers connected to it.
Passive hub does not amplify or regenerate signal and does not require
electrical power to run. We can expand a star network by placing
another star hub.
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RING TOPOLOGY:
Ring TopologyEach computer is
connected to the next
computer ,with the last
one connected to the
first. Every computer is
connected to the next
computer in the ring,
and each retransmits
what it receives from the
previous computer. The message flow around the ring in one direction.
Some ring networks do token passing. It passes around the ring until a
computer wishes to send information to another computer. The
computer adds an electronic address and data and sends it around the
ring. Each computer in sequence receives the token and the
information and passes them to the next until either the electronic
address matches the address of the computer or the token returns to the
origin. The receiving computer returns a message to the originator
indicating that the message has been received. The sending computer
then creates another token and place it on the network, allowing
another station to capture the token and being transmitted.
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MESH TOPOLOGY:
MeshTopology
The mesh
topology
connects all
devices
(nodes) to
each other
for
redundancy
and fault
tolerance. It
is used in WANs to interconnect LANs and for mission
critical networks like those used by banks and financial
institutions. Implementing the mesh topology is expensive
and difficult.
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TREE TOPOLOGY
Among all the Network Topologies we can derive that the Tree
Topology is a
combination of
the bus and the
Star Topology.
The tree like
structure allows
you to have
many servers
on the network
and you can
branch out the
network in
many ways.
This is
particularly helpful for colleges, universities and schools so that each
of the branches can identify the relevant systems in their own network
and yet connect to the big network in some way.
A Tree Structure suits best when the network is widely spread and
vastly divided into many branches. Like any other topologies, the Tree
Topology has its advantages and disadvantages. A Tree Network may
not suit small networks and it may be a waste of cable to use it for
small networks. Tree Topology has some limitations and the
configuration should suit those limitations.