Download - Printmaking presentation FA28
PRINTMAKING
BY:
PHILIPPE PANGILINAN
HAMIN BYEON
SIYOO KIM
PRINTMAKING
- Is the art of transferring images from a stiff surface like
wood or metal to a pliant surface like paper or cloth, by
means of applying pressure through hands or by using a
press.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION
HISTORY
Only 4 printing presses, all located in Manila, until 18th
century
Oldest printmaking method was Xylography or Woodcut
First printed book = Doctrina Christiana en lengua
española y tagala by Juan de Vera
popularity of woodcuts fades when copper-plate
engraving became more popular
All presses owned by the religious orders
Estampas
Estampitas
HISTORY – UNTIL 18TH CENTURY
Golden Age of philippine printmaking
Indus Manil, Indio Tagalo, Indio Filipino
Important engravers – Francisco Suarez, Nicolas de la
Cruz Bagay, Laureano Atlas, Phelipe Sevilla
Philippine scenes and flora and fauna, by Suarez and
Bagay, on the first complete map of the Phlippines in
1734
Religious images and scenes, and portrait of Bp Juan
Angel Rodriguez by Laureano Atlas
HISTORY – 18TH CENTURY
Copper-plate displaced by Lithography
Magazines – La Ilustracion Filipina , 1895-1860
La Ilustracion del Oriente , 1877-1878
Fr Manuel Blanco’s Flora de Filipinas
Most lithographers were Spaniards and foreigners
Flora was designed by Filipinos but colored in Spain
HISTORY – 19TH CENTURY
MATERIALS
PAPER
- Used by almost every form
of printing. Image is
transferred by applying
pressure either by
manually using hands or
by printing presses.
MATERIALS
CLOTH
- Aside from paper, clothing
can also be used as a
canvass for printing. The
usual printing technique
that involves cloth is
serigraphy.
MATERIALS
MATRIX
- In printmaking, matrices
are the ones that hold up
the image that makes up
the print. It can be made
of wood, metal and even
limestone.
MATERIALS
BURIN/GRAVER
- A steel cutting tool that
was predominantly used
by intaglio engravers.
MATERIALS
TECHNIQUES
RELIEF
INTAGLIO
PLANOGRAPHIC
- Process of printmaking where the imprint comes
from the surface of the block. Parts of the block
which are to be printed are left in relief and wood
receive the ink and the remainder cut away using
a knife. The impression are then made by
applying pressure on the inked block onto the
paper.
- The principal methods of relief printing are:
woodcut, wood engraving, lino-cut, rubber-cut,
metal-cut and collagraphy.
RELIEF PRINTING
WOODCUT
- An image is carved into
the surface of a block
of a wood. Usually done
on the softer side grain.
- Occasionally known as
xylography
The Aqueduct Woodcut
RELIEF PRINTING
WOOD ENGRAVING
- A variety of woodcut
but instead cut on
wood’s end grain resulting
in increased durability and
hardness of the matrix.
The Boyer Place
RELIEF PRINTING
LINO-CUT
- Another variant of wood-
cut but with linoleum
as the relief surface.
The design is cut using
a v-shaped chisel.
Bar
RELIEF PRINTING
RUBBER CUT
- Uses a slab of rubber
for the matrix.
RELIEF PRINTING
METAL-CUT
- Is essentially a wood-cut but uses a thin
a thin metal plate instead. It is
almost indistinguishable from
the woodcut.
RELIEF PRINTING
COLLAGRAPHY
- The matrix of this type of
printmaking is a three
dimensional collage made
from various materials
such as string, fabric, etc.
DIFFERENT TYPES OF RELIEF PRINTING
Refers to a family of printmaking method which
is the opposite of the relief; the printed image
comes from the inks deposited in the grooves
and lines beneath the surface of the plate.
The methods of preparing the plate are: copper
engraving which includes drypoint and mezzotint;
etching which includes aquatint; and collagraph.
INTAGLIO
DRYPOINT
- A technique of the intaglio
family where the image is
incised into the matrix with
pointed needle.
Woman in Cafe
COPPER ENGRAVING
MEZZOTINT
- The first to be used. Subtle
gradation of l ight and shade
rather than lines form the image
by roughening the plate with
thousands of l ittle dots.
Sunshine V
COPPER ENGRAVING
AQUATINT
- This technique consists of
applying an acid-resistant
liquid to the plate. The plate
is then exposed to acid and
will eat away all parts of it
that is not covered with the
acid resistant liquid.
The Sleep of Reason
Produces Monsters
ETCHING
Collagraphy can also be
done the intaglio way.
Instead of the ink being
on top of the surface of
the plate, the ink is now
on the shallow recesses
of the plate.
Unexplained Angel ic
Activity
COLLAGRAPH
Unlike the earlier two methods of printing, the
planographic methods prints on a flat surface.
There are two different types of planographic
method; lithography and serigraphy.
PLANOGRAPHIC
Lithography
- Makes use of the chemical
antipathy of water and oil.
The image is drawn on a
surface of a smooth
limestone plate with grease
and is covered with a thin film
of water. When the ink is applied
it is attracted only to the greasy
parts.
PLANOGRAPHIC
SERIGRAPHY
- A printing technique that
involves forcing ink through
unstopped areas of silk or
nylon mesh with a squeegee.
Is usually done on clothing
such as t-shirts.
PLANOGRAPHIC
SEMIOTIC READING
In 19 th century, lithography was crucial to the
advancement of newspapers and periodicals
That has led the Philippine Nation to be able to raise
revolution using Imprenta press for Katipunan
ART AND POWER
ESTAMPAS/ESTAMPITAS
- Prints of miraculous images
for distribution to devotees
at their shrines.
ART AND FAITH
DOCTRINA CHRISTIANA EN
LENGUA ESPAÑOLA Y TAGALA
- The first book ever to be
printed in the Philippines.
ART AND FAITH
ILOCANO DOCTRINA
CHRISTIANA
ART AND FAITH
INDIENE DE MANILLE
ART AND GENDER