Download - Primary Source Instruction in Higher Ed
![Page 1: Primary Source Instruction in Higher Ed](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051819/54c820234a7959b05f8b457a/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Students and Faculty in the Archives
Mid-Atlantic Regional Archives Conference Philadelphia, PA
Friday, November 8, 2013
![Page 2: Primary Source Instruction in Higher Ed](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051819/54c820234a7959b05f8b457a/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Introduction
Robin M. Katz
Outreach and Public Services Archivist
Co-Director, Students and Faculty in the Archives
Brooklyn Historical Society
Students and Faculty in the Archives ● Brooklyn Historical Society
![Page 3: Primary Source Instruction in Higher Ed](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051819/54c820234a7959b05f8b457a/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
What is SAFA?
• Innovative postsecondary education program • Uses primary sources to teach – document analysis, – information literacy – critical thinking skills
• First-year undergraduates
Students and Faculty in the Archives ● Brooklyn Historical Society
![Page 4: Primary Source Instruction in Higher Ed](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051819/54c820234a7959b05f8b457a/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
What is SAFA?
• Three year grant – US Department of Education – Now-defunct FIPSE program – $750,000 over 3 years – Jan 2011 until Dec 2013
• Supported – 2 FT professional staff – 1 PT staff member – Stipends for participants – Supplies
• Sustainability Students and Faculty in the Archives ● Brooklyn Historical Society
![Page 5: Primary Source Instruction in Higher Ed](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051819/54c820234a7959b05f8b457a/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
What is SAFA?
• Three schools within walking distance – New York City College of Technology (CUNY) – Long Island University Brooklyn – St. Francis College
• Nineteen local partner faculty – All ranks and stages of career – Wide range of disciplines (not just history) – Variety of classes (seminars, surveys, etc.) – Intellectual and professional community
• National partners
Students and Faculty in the Archives ● Brooklyn Historical Society
![Page 6: Primary Source Instruction in Higher Ed](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051819/54c820234a7959b05f8b457a/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
What is SAFA?
• Centered around class visits to the archives • Over four semesters (Fall 2012 - Spring 2013) – 1,100 individual students – 63 courses – 100+ class visits to Brooklyn Historical Society
• Summer fellowship
Students and Faculty in the Archives ● Brooklyn Historical Society
![Page 7: Primary Source Instruction in Higher Ed](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051819/54c820234a7959b05f8b457a/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
What is SAFA?
• Class visits in a nutshell – Each course: as many as 7, as few as 1 – Ideally: 1 – 3 visits – Anywhere from <10 – 40+ students – Faculty request docs 3 weeks ahead of time – Staff pull, prep, cite, assess copyright, set up docs – Staff greet class; review care/handling; occasionally
lecture; co-facilitate exercise & wrap-up
Students and Faculty in the Archives ● Brooklyn Historical Society
![Page 8: Primary Source Instruction in Higher Ed](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051819/54c820234a7959b05f8b457a/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
What is SAFA?
• Student population – Mostly first-year / early academic career – Both professional and liberal arts majors – Mostly products of NYC public schools – Very diverse: minority, non-traditional students – Many international students, new Americans, or
non-native speakers of English
• SAFA’s secondary goal: familiarize students with cultural institutions and resources
Students and Faculty in the Archives ● Brooklyn Historical Society
![Page 9: Primary Source Instruction in Higher Ed](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051819/54c820234a7959b05f8b457a/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
What is SAFA?
• Sampling of SAFA classes – Robin Michals, Introduction to Digital Photography – Jen Wingate, Visual Culture of the Civil War – Sara Haviland, U.S., 1896-present – Geoff Zylstra, Early American History – Leah Dilworth, American Literature – Matthew Gold, English Composition: Fire, Disease, Disaster
and the Shaping of Urban Public Space
Students and Faculty in the Archives ● Brooklyn Historical Society
![Page 10: Primary Source Instruction in Higher Ed](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051819/54c820234a7959b05f8b457a/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
What is SAFA?
• Our Teaching Philosophy – Goals and objectives – No show-and-tell – Actively use materials – Less is more – Modeling document analysis to beginners
Students and Faculty in the Archives ● Brooklyn Historical Society
![Page 11: Primary Source Instruction in Higher Ed](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051819/54c820234a7959b05f8b457a/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
What is SAFA?
• Document analysis – Not traditional bibliographic instruction – Preselected, pull at the item-level
• Specific vs. generic prompts – Ex: “Why did Henry Ward Beecher write this letter?” – Not “Who is the creator? What type of document is
this?”
Students and Faculty in the Archives ● Brooklyn Historical Society
![Page 12: Primary Source Instruction in Higher Ed](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051819/54c820234a7959b05f8b457a/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
What is SAFA?
• Summer Fellowships − Application process − Produce own scholarly or creative projects − Only undergraduate fellowship of its kind − Gabriel Furman papers, ARC.190 − http://safa.brooklynhistory.org/fellowship2012 − http://safa.brooklynhistory.org/fellowship2013
Students and Faculty in the Archives ● Brooklyn Historical Society
![Page 13: Primary Source Instruction in Higher Ed](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051819/54c820234a7959b05f8b457a/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
SAFA Lessons
• SAFA as professional development • Opportunity to tweak and refine
Students and Faculty in the Archives ● Brooklyn Historical Society
![Page 14: Primary Source Instruction in Higher Ed](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051819/54c820234a7959b05f8b457a/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
SAFA Lessons
• Learning goals vs. objectives
Students and Faculty in the Archives ● Brooklyn Historical Society
![Page 15: Primary Source Instruction in Higher Ed](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051819/54c820234a7959b05f8b457a/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
SAFA Lessons
• Goals: a statement that describes in broad terms what a student will learn from your course. adapted from http://www.oucom.ohiou.edu/fd/writingobjectives.pdf
• Prof goals same as SAFA goals
• Student engagement
• Building a sense of community
• Interaction with neighborhoods
• Student identity as creators, not just consumers, of knowledge
Students and Faculty in the Archives ● Brooklyn Historical Society
![Page 16: Primary Source Instruction in Higher Ed](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051819/54c820234a7959b05f8b457a/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
SAFA Lessons
• Objectives: Statement in specific and measurable terms that describes what the student will know or be able to do as a result of completing course activities.
• adapted from http://www.oucom.ohiou.edu/fd/writingobjectives.pdf
Students and Faculty in the Archives ● Brooklyn Historical Society
![Page 17: Primary Source Instruction in Higher Ed](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051819/54c820234a7959b05f8b457a/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
SAFA Lessons
• Sara Haviland’s goals vs. objectives • Goal – Students will learn the unique history of the Civil
Rights movement in the North.
• Objective
− In their final research paper, students will identify and analyze the different issues, strategies, and constituencies of the Civil Rights movement in the North, as compared to the South.
Students and Faculty in the Archives ● Brooklyn Historical Society
![Page 18: Primary Source Instruction in Higher Ed](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051819/54c820234a7959b05f8b457a/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
SAFA Lessons
• Types of assignments and visits
− One-off in-archive activity
− Semester-long, multi-visit structure
− Building a collaborative resource as a class
− Scaffolded document-to-folder model
− Scholarly research paper
− Other scholarly work (oral history, walking tour)
− Research for a creative project
Students and Faculty in the Archives ● Brooklyn Historical Society
![Page 19: Primary Source Instruction in Higher Ed](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051819/54c820234a7959b05f8b457a/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
SAFA Lessons
• Types of context needed − Historical − Technical / Format − Collection Info − What is a historical society/archives?
• How to provide? − Secondary or primary sources − Popular or experiential readings − Finding aids or other library descriptions − Class or in-archives lectures
Students and Faculty in the Archives ● Brooklyn Historical Society
![Page 20: Primary Source Instruction in Higher Ed](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051819/54c820234a7959b05f8b457a/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
SAFA Lessons
• Document selection − physical size
− condition or handling needs
− length of text
− legibility (especially handwriting)
− vocabulary
− visual literacy skills of students
• Research as a teacher, not a scholar
Students and Faculty in the Archives ● Brooklyn Historical Society
![Page 21: Primary Source Instruction in Higher Ed](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051819/54c820234a7959b05f8b457a/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
SAFA Lessons
• Logistics • Room Set Uo
• Stations and groupings
− Rotate or not? Timing?
− Even groupings
− Sitting at table or standing with clipboards?
• Independent or group work?
− Small groups of 3 - 4 students are ideal
Students and Faculty in the Archives ● Brooklyn Historical Society
![Page 22: Primary Source Instruction in Higher Ed](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051819/54c820234a7959b05f8b457a/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
SAFA Lessons
• Tailoring student prompts/handouts
− Educators often do have a reading in mind
− Handouts should reflect specific visit objectives
− Regularize experience for students
− Not too long
− Tell students to read
Students and Faculty in the Archives ● Brooklyn Historical Society
![Page 23: Primary Source Instruction in Higher Ed](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051819/54c820234a7959b05f8b457a/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
SAFA Lessons
• Facilitation
− Determine roles of staff/faculty
− Over-budget on time
− Care and handling
− Not punitive, stress universality
− Ask “preservation
− Floating vs. zoning
− Wrap ups
− Coming back
Students and Faculty in the Archives ● Brooklyn Historical Society
![Page 24: Primary Source Instruction in Higher Ed](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051819/54c820234a7959b05f8b457a/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
SAFA Findings
• Independent evaluators have found that SAFA students are more engaged and perform better than their peers.
Students and Faculty in the Archives ● Brooklyn Historical Society
![Page 25: Primary Source Instruction in Higher Ed](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051819/54c820234a7959b05f8b457a/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
SAFA Findings
• Receive and analyze retention data this year – Final Report due December 2013
• Data from 2012 Evaluation Report – Available in your folders – Online at
http://safa.brooklynhistory.org/docs/EvalReport2012.pdf
Students and Faculty in the Archives ● Brooklyn Historical Society
![Page 26: Primary Source Instruction in Higher Ed](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051819/54c820234a7959b05f8b457a/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Findings: Observation Skills
• Q: Why might this document be worth preserving in an archive?
Students and Faculty in the Archives ● Brooklyn Historical Society
PRE POST
Students noting a single feature of giving a vague response
72% 49%
Students noting multiple physical features
28% 51%
![Page 27: Primary Source Instruction in Higher Ed](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051819/54c820234a7959b05f8b457a/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Findings: Articulating ‘a usable past’ • Q: Why might this document be worth
preserving in an archive?
Students and Faculty in the Archives ● Brooklyn Historical Society
Sample PRE responses Sample POST responses
This is a photo from the past To show how society valued entertainment
Because it showed what was going on at that moment.
[It] shows how technology was progressing in the US.
It gives insight... to what life was like during the 1960s.
It shows how people were sending postal cards through the
telegrams and how it was different... than... today.
![Page 28: Primary Source Instruction in Higher Ed](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051819/54c820234a7959b05f8b457a/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Findings: Academic Performance • Just one class at LIU Brooklyn
Students and Faculty in the Archives ● Brooklyn Historical Society
SAFA NON-SAFA
Completion Rate 96.9% 76.7%
Passing Rate 91.9% 48%
Grade B or better 60.7% 30.3%
![Page 29: Primary Source Instruction in Higher Ed](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051819/54c820234a7959b05f8b457a/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Findings: Professional Development
Peter Catapano, History, City Tech:
“My teaching always improves when I have time to stop and reflect on my current practices. What I learned is that sometimes less is more. Better to have fewer learning objectives... This experience has helped me trust my students, who have taken to the site visit and the web assignments much more than expected.”
Students and Faculty in the Archives ● Brooklyn Historical Society
![Page 30: Primary Source Instruction in Higher Ed](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051819/54c820234a7959b05f8b457a/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Findings: Professional Development
Geoff Zylstra, History, City Tech: “Through SAFA, I have been able to create a research project that mirrors that of the academic research process.”
Students and Faculty in the Archives ● Brooklyn Historical Society
![Page 31: Primary Source Instruction in Higher Ed](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051819/54c820234a7959b05f8b457a/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Findings: Professional Development
Deborah Mutnick, English, LIU Brooklyn “I have rethought how I teach research, inverting the movement from breadth to depth, the general to the specific, in order to engage students in ‘deep learning’ based on close readings and observation.”
Students and Faculty in the Archives ● Brooklyn Historical Society
![Page 32: Primary Source Instruction in Higher Ed](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051819/54c820234a7959b05f8b457a/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Findings: Professional Development
• Professor’s website submissions: – Archives allow them and students to “slow down” – SAFA allowed them to focus on teaching
Students and Faculty in the Archives ● Brooklyn Historical Society
![Page 33: Primary Source Instruction in Higher Ed](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051819/54c820234a7959b05f8b457a/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Why does SAFA work?
• High Impact Educational Practices – Work with first-year seminars, learning communities – Common intellectual experiences (among a cohort) – Collaborative assignments and projects – Undergraduate research – Diversity/global learning – Community-based learning – See www.aacu.org/leap/hip.cfm
Students and Faculty in the Archives ● Brooklyn Historical Society
![Page 34: Primary Source Instruction in Higher Ed](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051819/54c820234a7959b05f8b457a/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
TeachArchives.org
• Will launch December 2013
• Project-level website
• “Teaching effectively with primary sources”
Students and Faculty in the Archives ● Brooklyn Historical Society
![Page 35: Primary Source Instruction in Higher Ed](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051819/54c820234a7959b05f8b457a/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
TeachArchives.org
• Three audiences:
− Local community
− Educators nationwide
− Librarians and archivists nationwide
Students and Faculty in the Archives ● Brooklyn Historical Society
![Page 36: Primary Source Instruction in Higher Ed](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051819/54c820234a7959b05f8b457a/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
TeachArchives.org
• Three content areas:
− Exercises
− Articles
− Project documentation
Students and Faculty in the Archives ● Brooklyn Historical Society
![Page 37: Primary Source Instruction in Higher Ed](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051819/54c820234a7959b05f8b457a/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
TeachArchives.org
• Exercises
• To use outright or as a model
• Each will include:
• Info about course and prof
• Narrative and title
• Objectives, context, end products, assessment
• Attached handouts/prompts
• Skills used
• Some digitized documents Students and Faculty in the Archives ● Brooklyn Historical Society
![Page 38: Primary Source Instruction in Higher Ed](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051819/54c820234a7959b05f8b457a/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
TeachArchives.org
• Articles by SAFA staff
• Including:
• Our teaching philosophy
• Faculty / staff collaboration
• Document selection
• Creating handouts
• How to teach care and handling
• Citations: it’s not about plagiarism
• Digital cameras and tablets in the archives Students and Faculty in the Archives ● Brooklyn Historical Society
![Page 39: Primary Source Instruction in Higher Ed](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051819/54c820234a7959b05f8b457a/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
TeachArchives.org
• Articles by partner faculty
• Including: • “The Appeal of the Archives: Engaging Students in More
Meaningful Research”
• “Why Less is More in the Archives”
• “Fitting It All In: Incorporating Archival Materials into a World History Survey Course”
• “Texts as Objects: Complementing the Literary Anthology with Primary Sources”
• “How Archives Can Teach Design Students to Effectively Communicate Ideas”
Students and Faculty in the Archives ● Brooklyn Historical Society
![Page 40: Primary Source Instruction in Higher Ed](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051819/54c820234a7959b05f8b457a/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
TeachArchives.org
• Project Documentation
• Including:
− US DOE annual and final reports
− Reports by independent evaluators
− Materials and tools created by SAFA
− Online call slip, care & handling handouts, etc.
− Comprehensive lists of classes taught, materials used
Students and Faculty in the Archives ● Brooklyn Historical Society
![Page 41: Primary Source Instruction in Higher Ed](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051819/54c820234a7959b05f8b457a/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
TeachArchives.org
• Launch Party!
• Thursday, December 19, 2013
• Brooklyn Historical Society (Brooklyn, NY)
Students and Faculty in the Archives ● Brooklyn Historical Society
![Page 42: Primary Source Instruction in Higher Ed](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051819/54c820234a7959b05f8b457a/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Thank You
Robin M. Katz
@robinmkatz
TeachArchives.org (Dec 2013)
#safabhs and #safafellows
Students and Faculty in the Archives ● Brooklyn Historical Society