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Presentation to PSMC
Using DNA to SecureMilitary Components
May 20, 2009
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Outline
• Translating DNA Science into Product Protection• Defending The Supply Chain• Why DNA?• Two Main Security Platforms
– BioMaterial Genotyping™
– SigNature® DNA Marker• Authentication Procedures• Cash-in-Transit Case Study• Layered DNA Security Applications• Summary
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Technology
Science
Product
Application
Translating DNA Science into Secure Supply
DNA Secure Inks & DyesDNA Secure Inks & Dyes
DNA Labels & Packaging
DNA Labels & Packaging
DNA Markers & DerivativesDNA Markers & Derivatives
Currency Laser Toner
LicenseFed ID Card
Lottery Tickets Military / DHS
Artwork
Thermal TransferFood Packaging
DVDs/CDsElectronics
Wines / SpiritsPharmaceutics
Tax Stamps
Petroleum Textiles
ChemicalsAircraft Parts
Drug ComponentsCoatings/FilmsCyanoacrylate
Collect / Synthesize / Modify DNA
Encryption / Encapsulate DNA
Anti-Counterfeit DNARapid Reporters
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DNA
Patented APDN Linkersand Encapsulation Technologies
Provides Rapid Report
Adds Forensic Quality and secures product.
Visual & Electronic Reporters
Rapid Screening Via Patented DNA-Reporter AdductsCombine machine-read screening with forensic authentication
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
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Defending The Supply Chain
Manufacturing Site
Shipper / Warehouse
Inspection Along the Distribution Path
Customs Inspection
Distribution Points
System Entry
Inspection Points -DNA “instant detection”
technologies
Suspect products removed for further authenticity testing
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• Can not be copied. DNA is complex and would require significant investment to detect, decode and copy. Embedment/encryption techniques.
• Forensic. Accepted by courts as evidence.• Absolute Authentication. DNA has exquisite
sensitivity and resolution.• Affordable. Each DNA mark is cost effective.• Green. Botanical DNA markers. Sustainable.• Flexible. Insert into existing Process Maps.
Why DNA?
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• Productized. Over a billion commercial products marked.
• Stable. Established forensic quality authentication which has been independently validated by Idaho National Labs.
• Virtually endless applications allowing for layered security. Can mark components, labels, packages. You name it.
• Reliable. Negligible false positives.• Intellectual Property. Broad scope of intellectual
property rights - 7 patents issued, 14 patents pending, 2 registered trademarks, and 2 trademarks pending.
Proven Technology
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Two Main Security Platforms
• “Intrinsic” or Genomic DNA present in a natural material.
• Example: identifying American Pima Cotton, distinguishing source cotton by country in a finished fabric.
• Military application: we can GenoType military C&T. Ensure C&T quality and origins.
• “Extrinsic” DNA Marker designed to mark an original item.
• Example: providing 400 million unique DNA markers for a national security card program.
• Military application: can SigNature mark items from rivets to micro chips to C&T. Rapid screening methods would screen out those samples requiring full forensic assessment.
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Cotton Genotyping to Authenticate Heritage of Textiles• DNA has never before been identified in mature cotton fibers.• Applied DNA Sciences and Supima have initiated a soft-launch
of our FiberTypingTM Assay:– Developed enhanced DNA detection from fibers– Discovered that fiber DNA could be detected in washed,
finished garments– Can now detect the DNA signature from the original plant in
single fibers removed from a garment– Can determine in a single assay whether the cotton is Pima
or Upland– Can determine the country of Pima origin
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Authentication of Cotton Heritage Reveals Fraudulent Fabric Composition
StdPimaFiber
Upland Fiber Pillow
Case
TowelLoop Towel
GroundLoop +
Ground 1
Loop +Ground 2
PimaFiber
Upland Fiber
negativecontrol
Std
By detecting non-compliance with license terms, Applied DNA Sciences protects:
• the consumer,• the brand owner,• the manufacturer,• the retailer, • the industry, and
Government trade relations.
Licensed Content
Illegal Contentuses cheaper cotton
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Cotton DNA in Currency
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Large Botanical DNA is acquired
DNA is segmented
Segments are shuffled, reassembled and encrypted to form a unique, secure DNA marker.
Creating a SigNature® DNA Marker
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Category Testing Contents Result
UV energy
Equivalent to 350 years of UV energy accumulation in Denver
Stable
X-Ray 4 times X-Ray exposure by X-Ray scanning machine of airport
Stable
γ-Ray 30 kGy�kilo-Gray�radiation exposure by Gamma-ray sterilization machine
Stable
pH
Thermal
pH 1~ 14 over night
>250 deg C, >4 hoursStable
SigNature® DNA is Very Stable
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On Labels, DNA can be applied at every step
Adhesive Label Matrix
Visible Ink
Security Inks & Dyes
DNAHolograms
RFID’s
Bar CodesTop Coats Laminates
Varnish
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Using SigNature® DNA to Mark and Authenticate Yorkshire Textiles
DNA-UCP adducts protect the entire custody chain
Fiber Yarn & Textiles Finished Garment
Woven LabelsFabric
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Pin Stripe Yarn
SigNature® DNAIn Fabric
SigNature®
DNA-UCPIn Pin Stripe Detected
DNA Analysis of pin stripe yarn using fabric treatment
shows that SigNature DNA-UCP persists after
multiple washings.
SigNature® DNA-UCPIn Woven Label Detected
Authentication
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Uniform Protection – DNA Adducts provide easy detection of military textile and apparel
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DNA Marker Hosts• Varnishes, Plastics, Adhesives, Cyanoacrylate• Labels, Seals, Tapes, Laminates• Fibers, Yarns, Fabrics, Woven labels• Wide Range of Security Inks
– Compatible with flexography, offset, gravure– Assortment of paper, labels, packaging
• Laser and Inkjet Ink• Cash Degradation ink• Thermal Transfer ribbons• Textile treatments, binders, yarn, fabric
– Direct application onto the product itself
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Can you Tell the Difference?
Real Fake
We Can.
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The Only Uncopiable Taggant1. PET Al sputtered foil release label2. Fluorescent red ink turns orange with
red laser3. Musical node hologram: shape
shift/color change4. 10 concentric circles. Shapes shift
when tilted5. X,Y microdots visible under 30X
magnification 6. Random interference lines7. 4 microprints of ‘CHINA AUDIO
VIDIO’ (sic)8. Shine red laser 300 from top of X and
Chinese ‘culture’ projects on paper 450 below.
9. Three circles encoded with Characters
10. Microprint ‘CHINA AUDIO VIDIO’ (sic)11. Machine readable encrypted codes12. DNA embedded in #2 fluorescent ink
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Level 1: Rapid Screening
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Level 2: In-Field DNA Authentication• Hand-held PCR-based
device• Quick end-point analysis,
enabling non-technical users with minimal training to operate the system with confidence.
• Applied DNA “primer kit” for each specific corporate DNA(s)
Applied DNA is collaborating with Smiths Detection, a subsidiaryof Smiths PLC (UK) to co-develop, market and sell In-Field
detectors for Level 2 DNA authentication.
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Sample of DNA obtained Prepare for DNA testing Purified DNA sample into vial
DNA authenticated using PCR machine and/ CE analysis.
DNA is amplified if the exact SigNature Full DNA sequence is present. Results are absolute and definitive.
Level 3: Full Forensic Authentication
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Cash-in-Transit DNA Ink
• DNA adds deterrent value to address growing CIT crime rate. Incidence of CIT crime has increased over 260% in London since 2007 according to Scotland Yard.
• SigNature® DNA used in Loomis UK cash boxes. DNA providing forensic evidence to assist UK Police in linking criminals to stolen notes.
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Degradation Ink with DNA Marking
DNA is blended with degradation ink and installed in each iBox which contains a unique DNA sequence.
Following discharge, cash is marked with DNA-reporter adduct
Cash bundles are placed inside the iBoxwith the DNA ink.
iBox is locked and transported to the intended destination.
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Authenticating DNA from Marked Notes
DNA-UV adduct detectedwith handheld reader.
ADNAS AADNAS BADNAS CADNAS D
Multiple markers in combinatorial libraryallow infinite variety, identifying infinite owners.
Stained Notes with DNA sent to Authentication Labs.
DNA is extracted from Stained Notes. DNA provides absolute provenance.
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No WashAggressive Solvent Wash (1 hour)
Aggressive Solvent Wash (2 hours)
DNA Persists After Exhaustive Washing with Aggressive Solvent - DNA is more substantive than dyes
RT-PCR of Stained Notes
Before and After
Washing with
Aggressive Solvent
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Layered DNA Security Applications
• Thermal transfer ribbons can be marked with DNA and can be used with commercial Zebra or Sato printers.
• Laser Toner Ink and printed documents can be marked and authenticated with DNA.
• Fluorescing inks, 2D barcodes and holograms are all compatible partners with SigNature DNA.
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Summary• DNA is the ultimate security weapon because it
can not be copied.• DNA provides forensic evidence to prosecute
counterfeiters.• DNA is absolute authentication and can be
used for audits, quality control and compliance. • DNA is affordable and works within the existing
manufacturing process.• DNA is a green technology.
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Thank You!