Download - Prelude to Revolution
Prelude to Revolution
1763- 1776
Pontiac’s Rebellion Pontiac’s Rebellion (1763)(1763)
British British ProclamationProclamation Line of 1763. Line of 1763.
Colonials Colonials Paxton Boys Paxton Boys (PA)(PA)
BACKLASH!BACKLASH!
Br. Gvt. measures to prevent Br. Gvt. measures to prevent smuggling:smuggling:
James Otis’ caseJames Otis’ case Protection of a citizen’sProtection of a citizen’s private property must private property must bebe held in higher regard held in higher regard than a parliamentary than a parliamentary statute. statute.
A 1761 1761 writs of assistancewrits of assistance
He lost He lost parliamentary parliamentary law and custom had law and custom had equalequalweight.weight.
Rethinking Their Rethinking Their EmpireEmpire
1.1. Sugar Act - 1764 Sugar Act - 1764
2.2. Currency Act - 1764 Currency Act - 1764
4.4. Stamp Act - 1765 Stamp Act - 1765
3.3. Quartering Act - Quartering Act - 17651765
George Grenville’s George Grenville’s Program, 1763-1765Program, 1763-1765
Real WhigsReal Whigs
Q->Q-> What was the extent of What was the extent of Parliament’sParliament’s authority over the colonies?? authority over the colonies??
Absolute?Absolute?
OR OR Limited?Limited?
Q->Q-> How could the colonies give or How could the colonies give or withhold consent for parliamentary withhold consent for parliamentary legislation when they did not have legislation when they did not have representation in that body?? representation in that body??
Theories of Theories of RepresentationRepresentation
Loyal NineLoyal Nine - 1765- 1765
Sons of LibertySons of Liberty – – began began in NYC:in NYC:Samuel Samuel Adams Adams
Stamp Act CongressStamp Act Congress – 1765– 1765 ** Stamp Act ResolvesStamp Act Resolves
Declaratory ActDeclaratory Act – – 17661766
Stamp Act CrisisStamp Act Crisis
Costs of Costs of Colonial ResistanceColonial Resistance
17671767 William Pitt, P. M. William Pitt, P. M. & Charles Townshend, Secretary of & Charles Townshend, Secretary of the Exchequer. the Exchequer.
A Shift from paying taxes for Br. war Shift from paying taxes for Br. war
debts & quartering of troops debts & quartering of troops paying col. govt. salaries. paying col. govt. salaries.A He diverted revenue collection from He diverted revenue collection from
internal to external trade. internal to external trade.A Tax these imports Tax these imports paper, paint, lead, glass, paper, paint, lead, glass, tea.tea.A Increase custom officials at Increase custom officials at
American ports American ports established a Board of Customs established a Board of Customs in in Boston.Boston.
Townshend Duties Townshend Duties Crisis: 1767-1770Crisis: 1767-1770
1.1. John Dickinson John Dickinson 1768 1768 ** Letters from a Farmer inLetters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania Pennsylvania..2.2. 1768 1768 2 2ndnd non-importation non-importation movement: movement: ** “Daughters of Liberty”“Daughters of Liberty” ** spinning beesspinning bees
3.3. Riots against customs agents: Riots against customs agents: ** John Hancock’s ship, the John Hancock’s ship, the LibertyLiberty.. ** 4000 British troops sent 4000 British troops sent to Boston. to Boston.
Colonial Response to the Colonial Response to the Townshend DutiesTownshend Duties
Basic Causes of the American Revolution Economic Causes- colonists resented
British mercantilist laws. The colonists were trying to free themselves from these restrictions and from their exploitation of the mother country.
Causes
Political Causes- Colonists argued they are entitled to self-government. They felt their own government should tax them and not have “taxation without representation”.
Colonists were angry over the writs of assistance and trial by jury – rights that Englishmen have
Causes
Misunderstandings- separated by 3000 miles, the American colonies did not understand each other. Although most of the colonists were of English origin, they were changed by the American environment.
King George felt the colonists were ungrateful and disloyal. Felt they were to be put in line by Force.
Reasons for the Declaration of Independence British hiring the Hessians after the
Battle of Bunker Hill Thomas Paine’s pamphlet, Common
Sense Confidence in American Fighting
techniques Felt the Declaration would help us
secure foreign assistance – especially from France