Download - Power Oil And Lubes PPT
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Always AheadAlways Ahead
QualityQualityCompetenceCompetenceFlexibilityFlexibility
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OVERVIEW
Medium Speed Diesel Engine LubricationUsed Oil Analysis
2TRIBOLOGY & LUBRICATION by SANJIV WAZIR
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LUBRICATION OF MEDIUM SPEED DIESEL ENGINES
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LUBRICATION IN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
Bearing Lubrication: Adequate Viscosity to form oil film
Piston Cooling: Oxidation Stability Cylinder Lubrication: Adequate
Detergency, Dispersancy, Alkalinity, Viscosity
Cam Shaft/Gear Lubrication: Adequate Anti-Wear & EP
Fuel/Lubricating Oil Compatibility
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LUBE PROPERTIES REQUIRED
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ENGINE DESIGN TRENDS
Longer Stroke, Stroke/Bore Ratios Higher Combustion Pressure Higher BMEP Higher Thermal Efficiency Fuel Oil Quality Anti Bore Polish Rings Miller timing EGR,SCR,etc Smaller Sumps
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IMPACT OF HIGHER COMBUSTION PRESSURES
ON DEW POINT
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EFFECT OF ABPR ON OIL CONSUMPTION & WEAR
The use of such a ring prevents the contact between the carbon deposits on the piston crown and the liner.
These deposits often cause liner polishing which results in gas blow-by, risk of scuffing and increase lube Oil consumption.
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OTHER ENGINE DEVELOPMENTS
PRE-PROFILING & COATING
PLATEAU HONING
ANTI BORE-POLISHING RING
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STRESSES ON TPEO
STRESS CAUSED BY CONSEQUENCESTHERMAL & OXIDATIVE STRESS
High Temperatures causing accelerated breakdown of lubricants
Deposits, Sludge, increased acid generation, corrosive wear of bearing materials, hot corrosion of piston crown, oil thickening, viscosity increase, shorter oil life
ACID STRESS Acids from combustion of S in fuels, Oxidation & Nitration products
Corrosive wear, deposits, loss of BN, shorter oil life
FUEL & ASPHALTENE STRESS
Changed nature of residual Fuels, Higher ingress of Asphaltenes (raw) from fuel pump leaks, & (burnt) from blow-past
Deposits, lacquers, hot corrosion, Oil thickening & shorter oil life
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ENG COMPONENT STRESS - LO/ADDITIVE PROPERTY REQUIRED
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CREATING & MAINTAINING AN OIL FILM
Viscosity is the a key propertySAE 30 & 40 are mainly used
SANJIV WAZIR 13
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MAINTAIN CLEANLINESS OF
CRANKCASE,CYLINDER LINER & PISTON RING PACK
Detergents Dispersants are the key properties
Fuel Quality Deteriorating Fuel ingress Increasing pressuresCombustion conditions more severeBlowby of combustion gasesCentrifuge & FiterationLubricant Condition It is estimated that a 0.4mm thick
deposit layer in Piston Underside can cause a 100 C rise in Piston crown temperature
SANJIV WAZIR 14
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NEUTRALIZE SULPHURIC ACID
Crudes contain Sulphur in varying quantities (0 – 4%)
Refinery processes tend to concentrate the Sulphur in the “bottom” residual products
Residual Fuels can contain up to 4.5% S
When residual fuels are burned, the S also combusts, combining with Oxygen from the air, forming acidic Sulphur Oxides
Alkalinity (BN) is the key propertySANJIV WAZIR 15
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THE OIL IN USE
The engine hardly ever, apart from the first start up, enjoys unused, fresh oil
The engine requirements are met by a combination of oil performance reserve and the efficiency of the oil maintenance system
If the engine requirements are not met, undesirable consequences can occur, such as increased LO consumption, more frequent/unplanned oil changes, increase in fouling, wear & tear of components, more frequent maintenance, even engine damage & failure
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OIL CIRCULATION & REPLENISHMENT SPEED CONDITION
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LUBRICATING OIL SOURCES OF CONTAMINATION
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MAINTAINING THE OIL CONDITION
Maintaining the oil within acceptable limits is a function of:1. Lube oil’s additive package reserve2. Degree of contamination from products of combustion & other
sources3. Excessive LO consumption due to leakage or poor engine
maintenance4. Degree of LO cleaning by filtration & separation (centrifuging)5. Frequency & amount of top-ups
Extended lubricating oil life or running hours can be obtained by optimising all these influences.
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LUBRICATING OIL TREATMENT SYSTEM
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………..TO SUMMARISE
Larger number of product types needed to suit the wide range of applications.
Matching the product to the application results in the lowest overall cost. Improved cleanliness is essential for modern engines operating on poor
quality residual fuel. OEMs now prefer Higher Viscosity products Higher BN products are becoming more common.
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USED OILO ANALYSIS
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TRIBOLOGY & LUBRICATION by SANJIV WAZIR
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OWNER,EQUIPMENT &LO PARTICULARS
R.HRS OF EQPT & OIL, SAMPLING DATE
PHYSICAL & CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF THE SAMPLE
SPECTROMETRY RESULTS
WEAR METALS
CONTAMINANTS
RATING OF CURRENT SAMPLE
ANALYSTS COMMENTS
SUGGESTED ACTIONS
RESULTS OF CURRENT SAMPLE
PAST SAMPLE RESULTS
TRENDING
HFO CONSTITUENTS
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DP ENGINE #1
HFO CONSTITUENTS
RISING
DROPPING
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DP PLANTDISCUSSION
Rise in KV and Drop in BN correlate well with the rise in Vanadium+ Nickel (and Na), hence ingress of Bunt/Unburnt Fuel components and Combustion by-products is likely to be the cause.
Soot/Insolubles levels are also up, supporting above hypothesis
Wear metal levels are satisfactory High KV could affect bearing cooling and result in temperature
rise Degradation of additives and ingress of combustion could
lead to increased air entrainment
TRIBOLOGY & LUBRICATION by SANJIV WAZIR
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DP PLANTSUGGESTIONS
Source of ingress needs to be identified and rectified to minimise oil degradation.
Some likely source could be:Raw Fuel: Leakage from plunger/barrel, poor injector sprayCombustion By-products: Blow-past, Mixing of Combustion
gases in T/Charger Lubrication Maintain the OEM recommended SLOC by regular top-up and
sweetening (if required) Maintain operating parameters such as Oil, Water, Air,
Exhaust temperatures and pressures within specified limits
TRIBOLOGY & LUBRICATION by SANJIV WAZIR
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