Portuguese Explorers
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Prince Henry “The Navigator”
Sponsor- Portugal
Motivation For Exploration- Gold, God, Glory
Claims to Fame: Set up a school of navigation and mapmaking
Bartolomeu DiasSponsor- Portugal
Motivation For Exploration- Gold, God, Glory
Claims to Fame: 1st European to to go around the Southern tip of Africa
Vasco da Gama
Sponsor- Portugal
Motivation For Exploration- Spices
Claims to Fame: charted a sea route to India
Pedro CabralSponsor- Portugal
Motivation For Exploration- established trading posts and treaties
Claims to Fame: claimed present day Brazil for Portugal
Spanish Explorers and Conquistadors (adventurers)
Why did the Spanish explore?
In the late 1400’s Spain was determined to make their country a powerful force in Europe.
One way to do this was to sponsor explorations and claim new lands for Spain.
Christopher ColumbusItalian explorer who
sailed for Spain
Believed sailing west would be the easiest route to the Indies. (or Asia)
Set sail for the “New World” on three ships called the Nina, Pinta, and Santa Maria
Ferdinand MagellanBelieved he could sail
west to the Indies if he found a strait, or channel, through South America.
Ponce de Leon
Explored Florida for Spain
Was in search of the “Fountain of Youth”
Hernan CortesExplored Mexico and
conquered the Aztecs
Aztec king Montezuma welcomed Cortes but was taken hostage
Used weapons and disease to destroy the Aztecs
Francisco Pizarro Conquered the Inca
Empire in South America
Pizarro launched a surprise attack and kidnapped the emperor.
Pizarro killed the emperor after his people paid a large ransom of gold and silver
What was the impact of Spanish exploration?
Spain earned great wealth from settlements in the New World.
The Spanish devastated native people. Priests forced them into Christianity.
Natives were forced into slavery, many died of starvation, overwork, or European disease.
Spanish introduced many new things to the Americas
Treaty of Tordesilles
Treaty of TordesillesAgreement between Spain and Portugal- divided
the AMERICAS into two parts (1 part for Spain and 1 part for Portugal)
Because not much exploring was done… Most of the Americas was given to (or claimed by) Spain.
What was the Columbian Exchange?