Policy Network Study: exploring the dynamics of REDD+ actor strings in IndonesiaMoira Moeliono, Efrian Muharrom, Bimo Dwi Satrio, Cynthia Maharani, and Maria Brockhaus
Asia Pacific Forestry Week, 22-26 February 2016, Clark, Philippines
REDD+ in IndonesiaPolicy development
THINKING beyond the canopy
2010 2011 20122008 2013 2014
REDD+ in IndonesiaInstitutional evolution
2015
DNPI
REDD+ Task Force I
REDD+ Task Force II
REDD+ Task Force III
REDD+ Agency
Min of Env & Min of
For
Pre
sid
en
tial
el
ecti
on
Dismissal of REDD+ Agency,
DNPI, UKP4
2016
“Six years into the partnership, we are now impatient to see more results on the ground,”
“We are very satisfied with the dialogue we have had [and] with the groundwork that has been put in place but I don’t think anyone can
be satisfied when we see the fires last year, when we see continued deforestation [and] when we see continued peat conversion,”
(Norwegian Climate and Environment Minister - Vidar Helgesen)
A network of Influence
Network Centralization (Outdegree) = 47.515 %Network Centralization (Indegree) = 44.515 %
Network Centralization (Outdegree) = 56.528 %Network Centralization (Indegree) = 75.167 %
Ministry of Forestry, Ministry of Environment, National Planning Agency, REDD+ Taskforce, the National Council for Climate Change
MoEF, National Planning Agency, NORAD, AMAN, CIFOR
2015
2012
Internal influence: Climate Change Management Directorate General, NORAD, AMAN, Forest and Environmental Planning Directorate General, CIFOR
Information ExchangeNetwork Centralization (Outdegree) = 56.504 %Network Centralization (Indegree) = 31.507 %
2015
Network Centralization (Outdegree) = 50.333 %Network Centralization (Indegree) = 52.028 %
2012
The relevance of information, as well as how it is interpreted, used, and abused, shapes the discourse on REDD+ and influences how REDD+ unfolds (Brockhaus
and Angelsen 2012).
Reciprocal information exchange
Network Centralization (Outdegree) = 26.213 %Network Centralization (Indegree) = 26.213 %
2015
Network Centralization (Outdegree) = 13.722 %Network Centralization (Indegree) = 13.722 %
2012
Collaboration
Network Centralization (Outdegree) = 20.583 %Network Centralization (Indegree) = 51.083 %
2012
Network Centralization (Outdegree) = 26.665 %Network Centralization (Indegree) = 18.635 %
2015
Reciprocal collaboration
Collaboration happened when actors consider others as partner, as equal. Often an organization does not consider others as partner, but as fund receiver or etc.
Discussion
• Clear shift in perceived influence less centralized
• REDD+ agency disbanded, influence of MoF dispersed
• New issues emerging from REDD+: fire and haze: prominence of IPB; forest tenure: AMAN; Forest Management Units and the Planning Agency
• Bigger role of private sector (higher degree in all networks): zero deforestation pledges, green development, (CSR)
Conclusions
Changes in bureaucracy has led to shifts in influence within the REDD+ policy arena
Brokers have become less significant direct access to government but whether influential remains questionable
Coalition rhetorical and might not be collaboration
Yet REDD+ has become accepted as an important tool in all the issues and by most actors
REDD+ processes raised awareness and improved understanding
on forest and climate issues, but not yet sufficient to drive significant reforms.
Issues related to REDD+ have become prominent: fire and haze, issue of forest tenure, and the establishment of Forest Management Units
Driver of deforestation and forest degradation no yet tackled.
Thank You