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THE PRINCIPLESOF DESIGN
The Principles are like a cake. The elements are the ingredients thatyou can put together to make a yummy cake. If the ingredients for acake are mixed incorrectly, the cake will taste bad.
Similarly, if the Elements of Design are used in such a way it ispossible the final work of art isnt successful.
Each Principle of Design is like a cake flavor- chocolate, carrot, angelfood, etc!
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B alanceB alance is the equalizingvisual forces, or elements,in a work of art. There are3 types of balance:
Symmetrical bothsides of the artworkcarry equal weight
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As ymmetrical onepart of the artworkcarries more weightthan the other parts.Overall balance isachieved by placingmany smaller itemsopposite the larger ones.
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R adial the image radiates out from a central point in the artwork
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W hat typeof
balancedo you
see here?
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H ere?
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H ere?
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H ere?
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H ere?
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H ere?
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EmphasisEmphasis calls attentionto a point in the artwork.The point of interest is
usually in contrast to thesurrounding space.
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H ow is the subject of this painting being emphasized?W here does your eye go and why?
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C ontrast
C ontrast is a techniquefor creating a focal pointby using differences inelements
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C ontrast in this picture is made using line, value and texture.
Size is also a way to create contrast in a picture.
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W hy do you think the artistpainted her portrait thisway?
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PatternThe repeating of an object of symbol throughout the
artwork creates a pattern. The repetition may be
organized or random.
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W hat are therepeatingpatterns here?
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W hich is moreinteresting to lookat: one soup can or many cans placed
in a pattern?
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W hat do yousee?
W hat is beingrepeated?
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W hat patternsdo you see in thisM.C . Escher drawing?
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Mosaic, which is the creativeinstallment of small ceramic tiles, isa very easy and common way tocreate patterns in architecture.
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This is another
drawing by M. C .Escher. W hatdo you seehere?
W hat does it
remind you of?
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Do you see where M. C . Escher got his inspiration?
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Rhythm
R hythm is theprinciple thatindicatesmovement by therepetition of elements. Visualrhythm is perceivedthrough the eyesand is created byrepeating positivespaces separatedby negative spaces.
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W hat do you see?
W hat does it soundlike?
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MovementMovement is thecreation of theillusion of action or physical change inposition.
C an you seeyourself slidingdown this image?
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H ow does your eye movethrough thepainting?
W here do yousee first and whatpath does your eye take?
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W hich way are they spinning?
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U nity
U nity is the quality of wholeness or onenessthat is achieved throughthe effective use of theelements and principlesof design.
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W hat kind of balance isrepresentedhere?
W hat kinds of contrast doyou see?
Do you see anypatterns?
W hat is beingemphasized?
FernandoB
otero A Family (1996)
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Do you see rhythm?
W here do you see movement?W here are the patterns?
W hat kind of balance does this painting have?
Archibald Motley Nightlife (1943)