Download - Plant Cells, Parts & Functions
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Plant Cells, Parts &
Functions
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In order for cells to perform their functions, they must have energy.
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Plant cells are able to
photosynthesize which is the
ability to convert radiant energy into chemical
energy.
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Plant cells contain structures called chloroplasts that contain the green pigment chlorophyll which traps the energy from the sun & uses it to transform carbon dioxide gas & water into glucose.
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Chloro- means green and plast - means small body. A Chloroplast is a small green body in a plant cell.
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Glucose is a sugar that is then used as a food source for the plant as well as
otherorganisms.
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Oxygen is also produced
during photosynthesi
s.
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6CO2 + 12H2O -> C6H12O6 + 6H2O + 6O2
WaterGlucose OxygenCarbon Dioxide
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Animal cells on the other hand must convert glucose & oxygen into the energy they need.
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They are able to do this through a process called cellular respiration.
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Chemical reactions take place within structures in the cells called mitochondria which allow the chemical energy stored in the bonds of glucose to be released when it reacts with oxygen.
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Water & carbon dioxide are waste products for this reaction.
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Other chemical activities are also happening within cells.
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A cell is made up of small organ-like structures called organelles that make or break down different substances.
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Each organelle has a specific function.
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Plant & animal cells are similar, but have different structures specific to their needs & functions.
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Common Plant Cell
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Plant Cell
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Organelles & Their
Basic Functions
…
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Cell Membrane
- outer layer that controls what moves in & out of
the cell
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Cell Wall(*Plant cells
only!) - outer layer of the plant cell that shapes, protects &
supports the cell
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Chloroplasts (*Plant cells
only!)- contains a
green pigment, chlorophyll, that traps
sunlight for photosynthesis
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Mitochondria
- site of cellular
respiration that releases
energy… “power
house” of the cell