PlanningandMaintainingaLivingRoof LivingWebFarms
September2018 PresentedbyRichardFreudenberger
WhyaLivingRoof?
•Reducerunoffandimprovewaterquality
•Lowtonomaintenance
•Promotesenergyconservation
•Moderatestemperatureswings
•Aestheticappeal
•Wildlifeandpollinatorattractant
•Culinaryherbproduction
•Tempertheurbanheatisland
•Increaselongevityofroofingmembranes
•Reducenoiseandairpollution
•Sequestercarbondependingonplantchoices
•SupportsfirepreventionwithappropriateplantingsExtensiveRoofs
� Designedforlow-orno-maintenanceuse
� Notintendedforregularhumantraffic
� Growingmediumdepth2to6inches
� Substrateblendedtobelightweight
� Plantingsaretendedasawhole
� Minimalengineeringispossible
IntensiveRoofs
� Designedtobevisibleandaccessible
� Plannedandplantedlikeatraditionalgarden
� Soil(substrate)depth6to14ormoreinches
� Mayuselightweightsubstrates
� Plantingsaretendedonanindividualbasis
� Suitableforcontainergardening
� Structuralengineeringnecessaryduetoroofloading
EarthwoodBuildingSchool
� Rooftype Runoff(in) Runoff(%)
� Standard 26 81
� Standardw/2-ingravel 25 77
� Greenw/2-insubstrate 16 50
� Greenw/4-insubstrate 14.5 45
� Greenw/6-insubstrate 13 40
Substrates(GrowingMedium)
� Ideallyamixtureofcomponents
� Designedtoabsorbandretainwaterwhilestillallowingfreedrainage
� Shouldbelightweightforminimalroofloading
� Mustprovideanchorageforplantings
� Highfertilityisnotagoal;moderatefertilityencouragesdevelopmentofdiversemeadow
� LightExpandedClayAggregategranules
� Biochar
� Perlite
� Vermiculite
� Pumice
� Crushedbrick/clay
� Gravel
� Toomuchorganicmatterwillcauseshrinkageofthesubstrateovertime
� Compost,peat,andcoirshouldbeusedinmoderation
� Clayorsiltinmoderationwillhelpthesubstratewithmoistureretentionbutcanclogfilterfabrics
� Soilandcompostcanmakeupthemajorityoftheblendwithotheramendmentsupto30percentoftotal.Lightweightblendsusemore
DrainageMedium
� EPDMrubbermembraneEthylenePropyleneDieneTerpolymer(EPDM)elastomerichomogenousroofcovering.060”or.045”
� Nonwovenfilterfabricneedlepunched3.5oz.
� DrainagematEnkadrainorpermanentturfmat8x120ft.rolls
DrainageSystem
� 2-inchthreadedbulkheadconductors(scuppers)
� 3-inchto2-inchreducercouplings
� 3-inchdrainplumbing
Structural
� Differentregionshavevariedloadstandardsbasedonsnowfallandwind
� Deckshaveliveloadstandardsof60lbs/squarefootuniformlydistributed
� SlopedRoofslessthan4:12haveliveloadstandardsof20lbs/squarefootuniformlydistributed
� Extensivesystems(2–6inchesdepth)willincreaseloadsby14–35lbs/squarefoot
� Intensivesystems(6-14inchesdepth)increaseloadsby60–200lbs/squarefoot
DeadLoads
� Theweightofallmaterialsofconstructionincorporatedintothebuilding,includingbutnotlimitedtowalls,floors,roofs,ceilings,stairways,built-inpartitions,finishes,cladding,andothersimilarlyincorporatedarchitecturalandstructuralitems,andfixedserviceequipment
LiveLoads
� Thoseloadsproducedbytheuseandoccupancyofthebuildingorotherstructureanddonotincludeconstructionorenvironmentalloadssuchaswindload,snowload,rainload,earthquakeload,floodloadordeadload
EnvironmentalLoads
� Substrateorgrowingmediumweightcanvarydependingoncompactionandmoisturecontent
� Saturatedweightofsoilcandouble
� Poordrainagewillincreaseroofload
� Snowloadscanrangefrom5toover80lbs/squarefootdependinguponlocation
WeightofMaterials
� Substratematerials Weightof1-inchlayer(lbs/squarefoot)
� Biochar 1.6
� Brick 3.7
� Pumice 1.3
� Gravel 3.9
� Soil 4.0
� Perlite 1.0
� Vermiculite 0.2
� LECAclaygranules 0.8
� Water 2.1
RoofSlope
� Slopedroofsarepronetomaterialsslippage
� Maximumpracticalroofslopeis2:12or9.5degreeswithoutuseofhorizontalstabilizers
� Withtheadditionofhorizontalbattensorlath,orgrids,slopecanbeincreasedto6:12or26degrees
Plantings
� SedumPureJoy
� SedumFuldaGlow
� JoePye
� Goldenrod
� GoldenAster
� RedClover
� GrassesandSedges
� Groundcovers
•VirginiaWildRyeandPrairieGrasses
Resources
� PlantingGreenRoofsandLivingWallsbyNigelDunnettandNoelKindsbury;TimberPressISBN0-88192-640-X
� NorthCarolinaStateBuildingCode:ResidentialCode2012
https://cdn-codes-pdf.iccsafe.org/public/getpdf/9455/2012_NC_Residential_Code.pdf
� SmallGreenRoofs:Low-TechOptionsforGreenerLivingbyNigelDunnett,DustyGedge;TimberPressISBN978-1604690590
� CreatingMyGreenRoofbyDaveHilary;CreateSpaceIndependentPublishingISBN978-1478368076
� StructuralDesignLoadsforOne-andTwo-FamilyDwellings
http://www.aresconsulting.biz/publications/str%20loads.pdf
� ResidentialDesignloadsandConstruction
� http://www.dphu.org/uploads/attachements/books/books_2582_0.pdf
� TypesandFeaturesofGreenRoofSubstrates
� http://vpts.edu.rs/sed17/CD%20Proceedings%202017/proceedings/6-6.pdf
� PotentialCarbonOffsetRepresentedbyaGreenRoof;AmmyMarieGeorgeUniv.ofVirginia2012
� file:///C:/Users/User/Downloads/George_AmmyMarie_2012.pdf
� AmericanWoodCouncil
� https://www.awc.org/
� SouthernPineSpanTables
� http://www.southernpine.com/span-tables/
� NorthCarolinaNativePlantSocietyhttps://www.ncwildflower.org/native_plants/recommendations
� LadyBirdJohnsonWildflowerCenter
� (searchbystate)
� https://www.wildflower.org/plants/