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Planning an architecture for the
Internet of Things
Sumit Sharma
Director, API Solutions
IoT Expo , Nov 5, 2014
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Leading connectivity platform for
enterprise applications, mobile and IoT
2
HQ in San Francisco with offices in New York, Atlanta, London, Rotterdam, Munich,
Sydney, Singapore, Hong Kong, Buenos Aires, Rio De Janiero
3,500+ on-premise enterprise deployments
25,000+ cloud deployments
50% of the Global 500
www.mulesoft.com
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MuleSoft’s mission
To connect the world’s applications, data and devices
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MuleSoft’s mission
To connect the world’s applications, data and devices
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Business
drivers of
IoT
5 All contents Copyright © 2014, MuleSoft Inc.
Architectural
Patterns in an
IoT Stack
Agenda for today’s session
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Why plan for an
IoT stack?
6 MuleSoft Confidential - please do not share/distribute
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Everything needs to connect
7
7
50,000,000,000+
connected devices
All contents Copyright © 2013, MuleSoft Inc.
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Connecting the physical world to the Web
8
8
Building
Management
Healthcare
Social
& Local
Energy Grid
Personalized
Insurance
Logistics &
Shipping
Connected
Car
Home
Automation
Farming
Identity &
Tracking
Environmental
All contents Copyright © 2013, MuleSoft Inc.
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Architectural patterns
in an
IoT stack
9 MuleSoft Confidential - please do not share/distribute
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At a high level this is the general IoT stack
Edge
Data Processing and
Platform
App
Thing / Device
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Breaking down the
IoT stack
11 MuleSoft Confidential - please do not share/distribute
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The IoT Stack
Hardware / Firmware
Data Management and Intelligence
API
Design / Build
Sensors
Device
Management Device
Hub/Gateway
API runtime
management
Application PaaS ( aPaaS )
iPaaS
Middle-
ware
Mobile apps
Mobile aPaaS Websites
Industry specific ( e.g., appliances, touch
console etc.)
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Hardware / Firmware
IoT Stack: Devices / Things
13 All contents Copyright © 2013, MuleSoft Inc.
Sensors
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Devices: Many chipsets / platforms to choose from. (
Becoming more and more vertically integrated with software
stacks).
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Big focus on prototyping:
Lots of tools to cater to the makers and tinkerers
Integrated SDKs to speed development, testing and optimization.
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Dragonboard based on Snapdragon processor ( many more
like this from many vendors )
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Sensors: Smart or Simple
Smart Sensors
Simple Sensors
Send Data / Events
Receive Notifications
Receive Config
Onboarding
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Hardware / Firmware
IoT Stack: Device Edge
18 All contents Copyright © 2013, MuleSoft Inc.
Sensors
Device
Management Device
Hub/Gateway
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Hardware / Firmware
IoT Stack: Device Edge
19 All contents Copyright © 2013, MuleSoft Inc.
Sensors
Device
Management Device
Hub/Gateway
Key charter is to establish and maintain a
secure, robust, fault-tolerant connection
between the cloud and the edge devices in
order to:
• Collect and aggregate device data
• Manage the device
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Typically a cloud based gateway at the edge
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Reference capabilities for a gateway
Connectivity
Routing
Registry
Control Events Actuator
Software mgmt
Aggregation Transformation Provisioning
Enable scalable, real-time, dependable, high-
performance and interoperable data and
device management related exchanges
between publishers and subscribers
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Device, and Device gateway sprawl is going to be a challenge
Too many disparate ecosystems : too many gateways,
hubs, protocols, apps.
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Device, and Device gateway sprawl is going to be a challenge
Need interoperability
between
devices/machines so
they can all talk to
each other.
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Solution to the sprawl: A hub of all hubs
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Hardware / Firmware
IoT Stack: Data management and
intelligence
25 All contents Copyright © 2013, MuleSoft Inc.
Data Management and Intelligence
Sensors
Device
Management Device
Hub/Gateway
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Capabilities required for Data Management and Intelligence
• Data collection, storage, and analysis of sensor data
• Run rules on data streams
• Trigger alerts
• Advanced analytics/machine learning
• Expose HTTP (REST) APIs
Data, HTTP,
connectivity
Real time event
processing
Batch processing
Data enrichment
Routing and
Orchestration
BigData solution
connectivity
Pattern
Discovery/Model re-
training
Driving Forces
Identification
Predictive Analysis
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Hardware / Firmware
IoT Stack: API lifecycle tooling and platform
27 All contents Copyright © 2013, MuleSoft Inc.
Data Management and Intelligence
API
Design / Build
Sensors
Device
Management Device
Hub/Gateway
API runtime
management
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API lifecycle tooling can be split between
design time and runtime
Rapidly design, deploy and publish APIs
API
Design / Build
API runtime
management
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API lifecycle: Design time capabilities
Rapidly design, deploy and publish APIs
API spec
creation
API design
lifecycle
API
mocking/modelli
ng
Deployment
automation
Reusable API
patterns
API
Design / Build
API runtime
management
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l All contents Copyright © 2014, MuleSoft Inc. 30
Outside In API development: What if we could whiteboard
an API ? Springboard for optimizing “APX”
API
Design / Build
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l All contents Copyright © 2014, MuleSoft Inc. 31
APX Design Lifecycle
Iterate
• Identify process and biz reqs
• Create logical data model
• Translate into logical service/API
groupings • Model API resource models
• API operations/methods
• Request/response payload/codes
• Mock up the API
• Publish interactive console
• Create Notebook use cases
• Receive developer feedback
• Modify API design as
appropriate based on
developer feedback.
• Continue to validate
• Create and implement
orchestration logic for
backend connectivity
APX
Design
lifecycle
API
Design / Build
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API lifecycle: Runtime capabilities
Rapidly design, deploy and publish APIs
API SLA
management
Rate limiting /
Throttling
Custom policy
engine
Deployment
automation
Multi-tenant org /
RBAC support
API and data
security
API
Design / Build
API runtime
management
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API runtime management
33 All contents Copyright © 2013, MuleSoft Inc.
Developer Portal
App Developer
Discover,
understand, and
sign-up to use API
..… Make
app
API API API
API Gateway
• Rate limit
• Throttle
• OAuth2
• LDAP/AD auth
• IP whitelisting
• Transformations
etc.
Publish,
Document APIs
API runtime
management
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Hardware / Firmware
IoT Stack: Application PaaS ( aPaaS )
34 All contents Copyright © 2013, MuleSoft Inc.
Data Management and Intelligence
API
Design / Build
Sensors
Device
Management Device
Hub/Gateway
API runtime
management
Application PaaS ( aPaaS )
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aPaaS capabilities
OS/DB, Storage, Server,
Network
Routing, transform,
orchestration services
Design and
Development tooling
Web, Database,
Application Server
Management and
analytics tooling
Administrative portal
• Hosted in the cloud
• Provides platform to build
applications.
Application PaaS ( aPaaS )
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Hardware / Firmware
IoT Stack: End applications
36 All contents Copyright © 2013, MuleSoft Inc.
Data Management and Intelligence
API
Design / Build
Sensors
Device
Management Device
Hub/Gateway
API runtime
management
Application PaaS ( aPaaS )
Mobile apps
Mobile aPaaS Websites
Industry specific ( e.g., appliances, touch
console etc.)
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IoT/IoE is a driver of mobile / tablet interfaces
37 All contents Copyright © 2013, MuleSoft Inc.
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Hardware / Firmware
IoT Stack: iPaaS integration – middleware:
Don’t forget to integrate!
38 All contents Copyright © 2013, MuleSoft Inc.
Data Management and Intelligence
API
Design / Build
Sensors
Device
Management Device
Hub/Gateway
API runtime
management
Application PaaS ( aPaaS )
iPaaS
Middle-
ware
Mobile apps
Mobile aPaaS Websites
Industry specific ( e.g., appliances, touch
console etc.)
iPaaS
middleware
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iPaaS Capabilities: Don’t forget to integrate!
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Summary
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IoT Stack
41 All contents Copyright © 2013, MuleSoft Inc.
Data Management
API
Design / Build
Mobile apps
Sensors
Device
Management Device
Hub/Gateway
API runtime
management
Mobile aPaaS Websites
Industry specific ( e.g., appliances, touch
console etc.)
Application PaaS ( aPaaS )
iPaaS
middleware
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One final thought: the stack as it exists today is also
converging…
Edge
Data Processing and
Platform
App
Thing / Device
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There are also scenarios where the middleware and edge
have converged ( i.e., MuleSoft Anypoint Edge )
Edge
Thing / Device
Data Processing
and Platform
Apps App
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And there are also scenarios where the app layer is directly
connected to the Thing/Device layer ( i.e., embedded Android,
Java, Javascript etc. )
Edge
Thing / Device
Apps
Data Processing
and Platform