![Page 1: PIA 2574 One Party Rule and the Administrative State](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062803/56649efd5503460f94c11548/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
PIA 2574
One Party Rule and the
Administrative State
![Page 2: PIA 2574 One Party Rule and the Administrative State](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062803/56649efd5503460f94c11548/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
The Institutional State
Civil Society
Institutionalized Norms
Stable Government Structures
Decentralized Governance
![Page 3: PIA 2574 One Party Rule and the Administrative State](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062803/56649efd5503460f94c11548/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
The Institutional State
Stable and Merit Based Permanent Government: The Administrative Apparatus
Muted Cultural Differences
![Page 4: PIA 2574 One Party Rule and the Administrative State](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062803/56649efd5503460f94c11548/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
The Civic Culture Theory
Parochial Political Culture
Subject Political Culture
Participatory- citizen based
![Page 5: PIA 2574 One Party Rule and the Administrative State](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062803/56649efd5503460f94c11548/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Definitions of Democracy
Issue: Opposition vs. Consensus:
Presidential Systems- Separation of Powers
Parliamentary systems- Representation and Fusion
![Page 6: PIA 2574 One Party Rule and the Administrative State](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062803/56649efd5503460f94c11548/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Traditional Democracy
“A Chief is a Chief by the People”
![Page 7: PIA 2574 One Party Rule and the Administrative State](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062803/56649efd5503460f94c11548/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Traditional Democracy
Traditional Africa- Consensus and hierarchy
Village democracy and talking things out
Ubuntu, Ujamaa and Humanism
![Page 8: PIA 2574 One Party Rule and the Administrative State](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062803/56649efd5503460f94c11548/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Differing Forms of Democracy
Traditional Communitarianism
Search for Consensus not Competition
The Kgotla, the Stool and the Baraza
Julius Nyerere- Village Democracy and Talking Things Out: ONE PARTY DEMOCRACY
![Page 9: PIA 2574 One Party Rule and the Administrative State](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062803/56649efd5503460f94c11548/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
The Problem of Crises:
Identity
Legitimacy
Participation
Distribution
Penetration
![Page 10: PIA 2574 One Party Rule and the Administrative State](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062803/56649efd5503460f94c11548/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Build Up of Demands
Relative Deprivation
Underdevelopment
Elitist Political Systems
Promises Not Kept
![Page 11: PIA 2574 One Party Rule and the Administrative State](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062803/56649efd5503460f94c11548/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Why Inherited Governments Disappeared
Failure to Deal with Traditional Political Elites
The Imposition of Political Structures
Loss of Legitimacy- Patronage and Clientelism
Ethnicity- Opposition labeled ethnic
![Page 12: PIA 2574 One Party Rule and the Administrative State](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062803/56649efd5503460f94c11548/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Why Inherited Government Disappeared
Military InterventionsCorruptionSelf-Serving Bureaucratic ElitesViolence, Interstate Conflict and African
UnderdevelopmentAbsence of Rules of the GameIllusions of Unity
![Page 13: PIA 2574 One Party Rule and the Administrative State](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062803/56649efd5503460f94c11548/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Why Inherited Government Disappeared
“Loyalty, Disloyalty and the Nationalist Movement”
Issue: Why One Party State had to be de jure
Question: How Democratic?
![Page 14: PIA 2574 One Party Rule and the Administrative State](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062803/56649efd5503460f94c11548/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Why Inherited Governments Disappeared
External Intrusions
The Cold War as Proxy WarU.S. vs. RussiaCuba and the African proxies
Examples: CongoAngola, Namibia and Southern AfricaEthiopia and Somalia
![Page 15: PIA 2574 One Party Rule and the Administrative State](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062803/56649efd5503460f94c11548/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
The Disappearing Opposition
Movement Gains Power of the State and the Mantle of Independence
No Spoils Available
Opposition in Frustration Crosses the Floor to Join Government Party
![Page 16: PIA 2574 One Party Rule and the Administrative State](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062803/56649efd5503460f94c11548/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Patterns of Government
Traditional Remnants
Ethiopia- 1960s
Swaziland
Somalia
![Page 17: PIA 2574 One Party Rule and the Administrative State](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062803/56649efd5503460f94c11548/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Neo-Traditional
Botswana
Senegal
Buganda
Kwa-Zulu
![Page 18: PIA 2574 One Party Rule and the Administrative State](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062803/56649efd5503460f94c11548/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
One Party States
Quote: “One Zambia, One Nation”
Radio Zambia, 1975
Quote: “One Man, One Vote, One Time”
Rhodesian White Farmer, 1980
![Page 19: PIA 2574 One Party Rule and the Administrative State](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062803/56649efd5503460f94c11548/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
African Governance Patterns
Review of Regime Types
![Page 20: PIA 2574 One Party Rule and the Administrative State](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062803/56649efd5503460f94c11548/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Attempts at Intra-Party Democracy
Ghana, 1960s, Tanzania and Zambia, 1970sGrass Roots Participation and Mobilization
Elections (primary) within the Party
Goal: Contained Political Systems
![Page 21: PIA 2574 One Party Rule and the Administrative State](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062803/56649efd5503460f94c11548/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Vanguard and Leninist Parties
Angola and Mozambique 1980s (Revolution)
Ethiopia- 1980 (Leninist State under the Dergue)
Congo Brazzaville and Benin- Marxism and Croissants
Guinea Conakry (Syndicalism)Zimbabwe- (Rhetoric)
![Page 22: PIA 2574 One Party Rule and the Administrative State](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062803/56649efd5503460f94c11548/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
“No Party” Administrative States
One Party States where the Party is a Shell (Afro-Capitalist)
Kenya, Ivory Coast, 1970s
Uganda in the 1990s
Eritrea, Rwanda, Ethiopia Now
![Page 23: PIA 2574 One Party Rule and the Administrative State](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062803/56649efd5503460f94c11548/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
The Nature of the Bureaucratic State
:
KEY:
The Bureaucracy evolves over time but political institutions tacked on a few years after independence
![Page 24: PIA 2574 One Party Rule and the Administrative State](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062803/56649efd5503460f94c11548/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
The Nature of the Bureaucratic State
Causes of Institutional Weakness
Too Strong a Bureaucracy weakens Institutions and causes decline of political parties
![Page 25: PIA 2574 One Party Rule and the Administrative State](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062803/56649efd5503460f94c11548/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Bureaucratic Dominance
No Private Sector, Few Private Interest Groups
Public Sector Dominates Economy
Bureaucratic Interests dominated by an “organizational Bourgeoisie”
Absence of Civil Society
![Page 26: PIA 2574 One Party Rule and the Administrative State](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062803/56649efd5503460f94c11548/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
African Governance
From One Party Rule to the Military Regime
Patronage and Clientelism
Patrimonial Leadership and the Presidential Model
Reference: Jackson and Rosberg, Personal Rule in Black Africa
![Page 27: PIA 2574 One Party Rule and the Administrative State](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062803/56649efd5503460f94c11548/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Military Government in Africa
![Page 28: PIA 2574 One Party Rule and the Administrative State](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062803/56649efd5503460f94c11548/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Direct Military Rule
Direct Rule: Uganda, Nigeria, Ghana examples (1970s)
Francophone states prone to military government in the 1980s (Togo, Guinea Conakry
![Page 29: PIA 2574 One Party Rule and the Administrative State](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062803/56649efd5503460f94c11548/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Sanitized Military
Ghana under RawlingsEgyptNigeria NowUganda
“Soldiers in Mufti”Soldiers form a political movement not a
Political Party
![Page 30: PIA 2574 One Party Rule and the Administrative State](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062803/56649efd5503460f94c11548/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Why the Military Intervenes
Political vacuum theory- military modern
Military as Interest group- CorporatistMilitary as "puritanizing" politics-
target corruption- anti-corruption as interest group politics
Coups as result of "fragmented" or disreputable politics
![Page 31: PIA 2574 One Party Rule and the Administrative State](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062803/56649efd5503460f94c11548/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Why the Military Intervenes
Heavy handed civilian repression Decline of legitimacy of civilian movements Schism of Military leaders
Generals Colonels lieutenants sergeants
Left wing military- coups and class conflict
![Page 32: PIA 2574 One Party Rule and the Administrative State](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062803/56649efd5503460f94c11548/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Why the Military Intervenes
Ethnic coups
Economic malaise and collapsed states
![Page 33: PIA 2574 One Party Rule and the Administrative State](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062803/56649efd5503460f94c11548/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Military Regimes
Two Roman Concepts
Praetorianism
“Cincinatus in Africa”
![Page 34: PIA 2574 One Party Rule and the Administrative State](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062803/56649efd5503460f94c11548/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Military Regimes
How to Get the Military back into the Barracks
How to Get Back to Civilian Government
![Page 35: PIA 2574 One Party Rule and the Administrative State](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062803/56649efd5503460f94c11548/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Return to Multiparty Government
Forums (1990s)
Human Rights Movements
Movements Towards Democracy
Religious Nationalism- Algeria and Islamic regimes
Civil Society Movements
![Page 36: PIA 2574 One Party Rule and the Administrative State](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062803/56649efd5503460f94c11548/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Return to Multi-Party Government
Multi-Party Challenges
Structural Adjustment Pressures
Collapse of Military Regimes
![Page 37: PIA 2574 One Party Rule and the Administrative State](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062803/56649efd5503460f94c11548/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Multiparty Regimes
Benin
Zambia
Kenya
Zimbabwe
![Page 38: PIA 2574 One Party Rule and the Administrative State](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062803/56649efd5503460f94c11548/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Lingering Multiparty Regimes
Botswana- “African Success?”
Senegal- Islam and Civic Culture
South Africa- From Caste Democracy to non-racialism
Mali- How institutionalized?
![Page 39: PIA 2574 One Party Rule and the Administrative State](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062803/56649efd5503460f94c11548/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Collapsed States
Economics, Politics, regional wars and “Executive Outcomes”
![Page 40: PIA 2574 One Party Rule and the Administrative State](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062803/56649efd5503460f94c11548/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Collapsed States
SomaliaRwandaCongo (Zaire)LiberiaAngola
![Page 41: PIA 2574 One Party Rule and the Administrative State](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062803/56649efd5503460f94c11548/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Collapsed States
Sierra LeoneIvory Coast?Who’s next (the case of Northern
Ghana)Who’s next (the future of Zimbabwe)
![Page 42: PIA 2574 One Party Rule and the Administrative State](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062803/56649efd5503460f94c11548/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Discussion
What Have You Been Reading This Week?