Download - Physical Science Light and Color
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Physical ScienceLight and Color
Lincoln High School
Mr. Lowery
Earth Science
2007-2008
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Light and sound are both vibrations that move as waves.
Light travels a million times faster than sound
The speed of light in a vacuum is 300,000 km / sec
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Light does not need a medium to travel through like sound does, it can travel through a vacuum, such as space
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These waves carry energy. Vibrating electric and magnetic fields support each other and make up an electromagnetic wave
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The classification of electromagnetic waves by frequency is the electromagnetic spectrum. A narrow band of this spectrum makes up the frequencies and wavelengths we can detect with our eyes as visible light.
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Different frequencies result in different wavelengths. Low frequencies produce long wavelengths and high frequencies produce short ones
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Why do things appear the color that they do?
• The colors we see depends on the wavelength of light. The longer the wavelength of visible light, the more red the color appears
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The shorter the w of visible light, the more toward the blue end of the spectrum.
White light has all the colors of the spectrum in it.
How do we know this?
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Because if we put white light through a prism, which separates light into all of the wavelengths that makes it up.
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• So if white light has all the colors in it, why does a red shirt appear red?
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• The dye in the shirt is of a formula to absorb all the colors BUT red, and reflect the red. The red wavelengths are reflected, and our eyes only see that wavelength
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• Why does a white table top appear white?
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• All of the colors are reflected, so we see that whole spectrum again. It absorbs none of the colors
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• Why does the black benchtop appear black?
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• It absorbs all of the colors, reflects none, so we don’t see anything. Black isnt a color, black is the ABSENCE of all color. Our eyes are not picking up any wavelengths from that object
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• Why is the sky blue?
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• B/c blue wavelengths of light scatter more than longer wavelengths. Sunlight is coming at us from a fixed spot with all the w of light. The more certain w’s scatter, they come at us from different directions
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• So, blue comes at us from the most directions. Our eye perceives the most dominant signal it is getting – the blue that seems to come from everywhere.
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• Why are sunsets red, and redder than the noon sun?
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• Still a scattering issue. The noon sun overhead allows for the reds that only scatter a little, oranges that scatter a bit more, yellows that scatter even more and comes at us from more directions than the reds
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• At sunset, the sun is really low in the horizon. The red rays that are very direct are now the dominant ones. The yellows and orange are not as dominant b/c some of them scattered but are not picked up by the eye.
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