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Physical Physical AttackAttackIW-140IW-140
College of Aerospace College of Aerospace Doctrine, Research, Doctrine, Research,
and Educationand Education
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InfoSpace
The Aerospace Domain
Air
Air, Space and Info Ops Are InherentlyIntertwined…ultimately, using Physical Attack to achieve objectives in any of these three arenas is always part of the overall single aerospace campaign….
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Overview
• AFDD 2-5 Definition
• History of Physical Attack/Targeting
• Impact of Technology on the Targeting Process
• Examples
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INFORMATION SUPERIORITYINFORMATION SUPERIORITY
INFORMATION OPERATIONSINFORMATION OPERATIONS
AFDD 2-5AFDD 2-5
Successfully executed Successfully executed Information OperationsInformation Operations
achieve information superiorityachieve information superiority
ISRPrecision
Nav & Position
Other Info Collection/Dissemination Activities
PAO
Weather
INFORMATION-in-WARFARE
exploitgain
INFORMATION WARFARE
DEFENSIVECOUNTERINFORMATION
COUNTERINFORMATION
OFFENSIVECOUNTERINFORMATION
Counter-Intelligence
InformationAssurance
OPSECCounter-
Propaganda
Counter-Deception
ElectronicProtect
CND PAO
PSYOPPhysicalAttack
MilitaryDeception
ElectronicWarfare
PAOCNA
defend attack
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Physical AttackPhysical Attack
AFDD 2-5
... is an element of an integrated IO effort
… refers to the use of “hard kill” weapons against information & info systems
… disrupts, damages, or destroys adversary targets through destructive power
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Targeting History• World War I
– Little technological development
• Post-war years– Generic target list
• World War II– National Objectives
• Korean War• Cold War• Vietnam War
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Targeting History
• Persian Gulf War– Defined targeting
process– More peace-time
planning– Lack of combat assessment
• Post-Persian Gulf War– Smart weapons targeting– Reduced force structure/capabilities
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90% PROBABILITY OF HIT 2000 LB BOMB
CONFLICT CEP* (FT) QUANTITY**
WWII B-17 3300 9070
KOREA/SEA (F-84/F-105) 400 176
DESERT STORM F-16 200 30
DESERT STORM F-117 < 10 1
* CEP = Circular error of probability, the radial distance from a point in which 50% of all bombs will land.
** Quantity = number of 2000 lb bombs required to assure 90% probability of hitting the target.
Improved Delivery
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Increasing Levels of Accuracy
26401320
3960
0 5280 = 1 Mile660
WWII B-17Korea / SEA
F-84 / F-105
Desert StormF-117
.
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Precision Navigation and Precision Navigation and Physical AttackPhysical Attack
• PNP…– have enhanced accuracy of
weapons and delivery platforms
– provide air, land, sea, space. and info ops the capability to attack targets in sensitive areas
– greatly reduces the number of aircraft and sorties required to neutralize or destroy a target
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The Payoff
LOW
HIGH
TIME
Increased Cost/Complexityover Time
FEW
MANY
TIME
Bombs Needed to MeetTargeting Plan
over Time
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Impact?
• What Targets do you attack with high-valued munitions?
• Airpower is well suited to be instrument of choice for doing IW physical attack mission
– Foxholes/Frontline Forces?
– Tank Formations?
– Chinese Embassies?
– or Leadership, C2 and other information nodes?
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When is a Physical Attack an IW Attack?
• Key to Physical Attack being an IW action depends on what you are going after
• For it to be IW, an adversary’s information or information systems must be the target of the physical attack
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Potential IW Targets
• HQs:– NCA, Intel, Component Forces, Field & Naval
HQs
• IADS:– HQs, Sector Operations Centers, Radars,
EW/GCI, SAMS
• Communications: All
• SIGINT: All
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A Short Quiz
Examples of IW Physical Attack or Not?
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IW Physical Attack?
• Electrical Power Sources:– Generator Stations– Transformers– Switching gear
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IW Physical Attack?
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IW Physical Attack?
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USS COLE
IW Physical Attack?
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InfoSpace
The Aerospace Domain
Air
Air, Space and Info Ops Are InherentlyIntertwined…ultimately, using Physical Attack to achieve objectives in any of these three arenas is always part of the overall single aerospace campaign….
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State of the World Today
“Challenging US armed forces head-on is a costly and painful affair. Cyberspace may well emerge as the preferred medium in a foe’s search for strategic vulnerability.”
Post Desert Storm comment by formerUS military senior officer