Glenda Kitts, Arlene Cuellar, Maritza Aquino Printed on 1/25/2017
Physical and Chemical Changes page 1
PhysicalandChemicalChanges
FocusonInquiryThestudentswill:
• Investigateanddifferentiatebetweenphysicalchangesandchemicalchanges.• Investigateanddescribehowtemperatureinfluencesphysicalandchemicalchanges
LessonContentOverviewStudentswill
• Understandthatchemicalchangesoccurwhendifferentsubstancescombinetoformnewsubstances.• Understandthatphysicalchangesoccurwhensubstanceschangeformbutnottheirchemicalcomposition.
• Identifyevidencethataphysicalorachemicalchangehasoccurred.
Duration4days@50min
SettingClassroom
Grouping2-4students
PTIInquirySubskills1.1,4.1,5.1,2.5,3.1,3.2,3.3,3.7,5.2,5.3,5.4,5.7,6.2,7.2,7.3
LessonComponents
EstimatedTime
InquirySubskillsUsed
TechnologyUsed
LevelofStudent
EngagementBriefDescription
Engage 20min 1.1,4.1,5.1,5.2
Labequipment 2
Elephant'stoothpastedemonstration.Makingelephanttoothpasteisaneasyandfunscienceexperiment.Itistheresultofachemicalreactionthatcreatesalargeamountofoozingfoam.Themovementofthefoamlooksliketoothpastesquirtingoutofatubewhiletheamountoffoamusuallyisenoughforanelephanttobrushitsteeth.
Explore 90
1.1,2.5,3.1,3.2,3.3,3.6,3.7,4.1,5.1,
5.2,5.7,7.2
Timerandlab
equipment3
Studentswillworkingroupsof2to4toexplorehowsubstancesmayreactwithothersubstancestoproducechemicalchanges,andhowothersdonotreactbuttheirphysicalpropertiesmaychange.
Explain 45 None 2
Thestudentswillshareanswersonthepreviousactivities.Theywilldiscusshowphysicalandchemicalchangestookplace.Usingthechartwiththechangesandwritequestionsusingrallyrobin,rallycoach,allrecordroundrobin,or4corners.Teacherexplainsbasedonpreviousactivity,introductionofvocabulary.
Expand 50 None 3 Studentswillworkinteamsof3or4toidentifyunknownsubstancesbasedontheirreactivity.
Evaluate 45 None 2Inside-outsidecircleTeacherwillevaluatetheoutcomeofthestudentsexpandactivityasaformofformativeassessment.Theteacherwillalsouse5questionsasasummativeassessment.
LevelofStudentEngagement
1 Low Listentolecture,observetheteacher,individualreading,teacherdemonstration,teacher-centeredinstruction2 Moderate Raisequestions,lecturewithdiscussion,recorddata,makepredictions,technologyinteractionwithassistance3 High Hands-onactivityorinquiry;critiqueothers,drawconclusions,makeconnections,problem-solve,student-centered
Glenda Kitts, Arlene Cuellar, Maritza Aquino Printed on 1/25/2017
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NextGenerationScienceStandards–InquiryNGSSPractice3:PlanningandCarryingOutInvestigationsNGSSPractice4:AnalyzingandInterpretingDataNGSSPractice6:ConstructingexplanationsNGSSPractice7:EngaginginargumentsfromevidenceNGSSPractice8:Obtaining,EvaluatingandCommunicatingInformationNextGenerationScienceStandards–EarthScienceMS-PS1-2.Analyzeandinterpretdataonthepropertiesofsubstancesbeforeandafterthesubstancesinteracttodetermineifachemicalreactionhasoccurred.FloridaScienceStandards-NatureofScienceSC.8.N.2.2Discusswhatcharacterizesscienceanditsmethods.SC.8.N.1.6Understandthatscientificinvestigationsinvolvethecollectionofrelevantempiricalevidence,theuseoflogicalreasoning,andtheapplicationofimaginationindevisinghypotheses,predictions,explanationsandmodelstomakesenseofthecollectedevidence.SC.8.N.1.1Defineaproblemfromtheeighthgradecurriculumusingappropriatereferencematerialstosupportscientificunderstanding;planandcarryoutscientificinvestigationsofvarioustypes,suchassystematicobservationsorexperiments;identifyvariables;collectandorganizedata;interpretdataincharts,tables,andgraphics;analyzeinformation;makepredictions;anddefendconclusions.FloridaScienceStandards–MatteranditsPropertiesSC.8.P.8.4Classifyandcomparesubstancesonthebasisofcharacteristicphysicalpropertiesthatcanbedemonstratedormeasured;forexample,density,thermalorelectricalconductivity,solubility,magneticproperties,meltingandboilingpoints,andknowthatthesepropertiesareindependentoftheamountofthesample.SC.8.P.9.2Differentiatebetweenphysicalchangesandchemicalchanges.SC.912.P.8.2:DifferentiatebetweenphysicalandchemicalpropertiesofmatterMaterialsandAdvancePreparation
EngageActivity–Demonstration–TheElephantToothpasteMaterials• Hydrogenperoxide(30%)• Sodiumiodidecrystals(Thisisadrychemicalthatlookslikesalt.)• 250-milliliterbeaker• Liquiddishsoap• Foodcoloring(optional)• 1,000-millilitergraduatedcylinder• Measuringspoons• Goggles• Apron• Plastictarptocoverthedemonstrationtable• Rubbergloves
Advancedpreparation
• PreparationofSodiumIodinecatalyst- Inabeaker,measure120mLofroomtemperaturewater.- Add15gofsodiumiodidecrystalstothewaterandstirwithastirreruntilallofthecrystalshave
dissolved.Labelthebeaker“SodiumIodideCatalyst”andsetitasidetouselater.
Glenda Kitts, Arlene Cuellar, Maritza Aquino Printed on 1/25/2017
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• SetupAreao Covertheexperimentationstablewithaplastictarptocollectthefoamattheendofthe
demonstrationandthrowthefoaminthegarbagecan.Thiswillmakecleanupeasier.o Thisdemonstrationcanbedoneoutsidesincethefoamissafeenoughtobewashedaway.
ExploreActivity:PhysicalandChemicalChanges–smallgroupset:
Materialspergroup• Vinegar• Water• Bakingsoda• Bakingpowder• 4Balloons• 4Testtube• Testtubeholder
• Triplebeambalance• 10mLofmilk• 3mLofvinegar• Beaker• Calibratedcylinder• SandwichZiplocbag• Sugar
• Foodcoloring• Alcohol• Water• Vegetableoil• Popsiclesticks
Advancedpreparation
Tosavetimeidentifythematerialsperstation.
ExpandActivity:IdentifytheUnknownPowder–smallgroupset:Materialspergroup
• Bakingsodainasmallcup• Cornstarchinasmallcup• Creamoftartarinasmallcup• Bakingpowderinasmallcup
• Thermometer• 4beakers• Water• Measuringspoonsorscales
Advancedpreparation Tosavetimepreparesmallcupswitheachonethefourpowdersforthegroups.
BlacklineMasters:BlacklineMaster#1:Explore-PhysicalandChemicalChangesLabBlacklineMaster#2:Explain–PhysicalandChemicalChangesChecklistBlacklineMaster#3:Evaluate–QuizPhysicalAndChemicalChangesBlacklineMaster#4:Expand–IdentifytheunknownpowderLessonInformationLearningObjectives
1. Thestudentwillbeabletoobserveandrecorddifferentchangesthathappenwhenchemicalreactionsoccurtocorrectlydifferentiatebetweenchemicalandphysicalchanges.
2. Thestudentwillbeabletocorrectlydifferentiatebetweenchemicalandphysicalchangesbasedontheirobservations,andunderstandthatseveraltestsmaybeperformedbeforeachangecanbeclassifiedasphysicalorchemical.
PriorKnowledgeNeededbytheStudentsElementary
• SC.4.P.8.1Measureandcompareobjectsandmaterialsbasedontheirphysicalpropertiesincluding:mass,shape,volume,color,hardness,texture,odor,taste,attractiontomagnets.
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• SC.5.P.8.1Compareandcontrastthebasicpropertiesofsolids,liquids,andgases,suchasmass,volume,color,texture,andtemperature.
BackgroundInformationThedifferenttypesofmattercanbedistinguishedthroughtwocomponents:compositionandproperties.Thecompositionofmatterreferstothedifferentcomponentsofmatteralongwiththeirrelativeproportions.Thepropertiesofmatterrefertothequalities/attributesthatdistinguishonesampleofmatterfromanother.Thesepropertiesaregenerallygroupedintotwocategories:physicalorchemical.
1. ChemicalPropertiesandChangesChemicalchangeresultsinoneormoresubstancesofentirelydifferentcompositionfromtheoriginalsubstances.Theelementsand/orcompoundsatthestartofthereactionarerearrangedintonewproductcompoundsorelements.ACHEMICALCHANGEaltersthecompositionoftheoriginalmatter.Differentelementsorcompoundsarepresentattheendofthechemicalchange.Theatomsincompoundsarerearrangedtomakenewanddifferentcompounds.x.Chemicalpropertiesofmatterdescribesits"potential"toundergosomechemicalchangeorreactionbyvirtueofitscomposition.Whatelements,electrons,andbondingarepresenttogivethepotentialforchemicalchange.Itisquitedifficulttodefineachemicalpropertywithoutusingtheword"change"..
2. PhysicalPropertiesandChangesPhysical properties can be observed or measured without changing the composition of matter. Physicalproperties are used to observe and describematter. Physical properties of materials and systems are oftendescribedasintensiveandextensiveproperties.Thisclassificationrelatestothedependencyofthepropertiesuponthesizeorextentofthesystemorobjectinquestion.Aphysicalchangetakesplacewithoutanychangesinmolecularcomposition.Thesameelementorcompoundispresentbeforeandafterthechange.Thesamemoleculeispresentthroughoutthechanges.Physicalchangesarerelatedtophysicalpropertiessincesomemeasurementsrequirethatchangesbemade.Mattercanbeclassifiedinfourstatesare:Solid,Liquid,Gas,andplasma.(http://chemwiki.ucdavis.edu/Core/Physical_Chemistry/Physical_Properties_of_Matter/States_of_Matter)
1. Solidisdistinguishedbyafixedstructure.Itsshapeandvolumedonotchange.Inasolid,atomsaretightlypackedtogetherinafixedarrangement.
2. Liquidisdistinguishedbyitsmalleableshape(isabletoformintotheshapeofitscontainer),butconstantvolume.Inaliquid,atomsareclosetogetherbutnotinafixedarrangement.
3. Gasismadeupofatomsthatareseparate.However,unlikesolid&liquid,agashasnofixedshapeandvolume.4. Plasmaisveryhotionizedgasthatconsistsofnearlythesameamountofpositivelychargedionsandnegatively
chargedelectrons.LessonProcedureEngageA. Demonstration-Elephant'stoothpastedemonstration.Makingelephanttoothpasteisaneasyandfunscience
experiment.Itistheresultofachemicalreactionthatcreatesalargeamountofoozingfoam.Themovementofthefoamlooksliketoothpastesquirtingoutofatubewhiletheamountoffoamusuallyisenoughforanelephanttobrushitsteeth.Takenfrom:SteveSpanglerSciencehttp://www.stevespanglerscience.com/lab/experiments/exploding-toothpaste-elephants-toothpaste/
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NOTE:Thisdemonstrationshouldbeconductedbytheteacherduetotheconcentrationofthehydrogenperoxide.Wearrubberglovestoprotectagainstburnscausedbyconcentratedhydrogenperoxide.Thehandlermustbeproperlytrainedtostoreandhandleanychemical.Thisdemonstrationcanbeperformedintheclassroomoroutside.Don'tallowtheobserverstotouchthefoamincasesomeofthehydrogenperoxidedidn'treact.However,theproductissafeenoughtobethrownawayinthetrashcanorwashdownthedrain.Procedure
1. Weargoggles,apron,andgloves2. Pour60mLofthe30%hydrogenperoxideintoagraduatedcylinder.Placethegraduatedcylinderinthemiddle
oftheplastictarp.3. Addabout5millilitersofdishsoaptothegraduatedcylindercontainingthe60mL30%hydrogenperoxide.4. Addafewofdropsoffoodcoloringtothecylindermixtureandswirltomakethemixturemorehomogeneous.5. Pour5millilitersofthesodiumiodidecatalystintothegraduatedcylinderandquicklystandback.Thereaction
willoccurveryquicklyandafoamwillcoverthetable.Note:Foramoredramaticreaction,usealargeFlorenceorErlenmeyerflaskinsteadofagraduatedcylinder.
B.AskthefollowingquestiontopromotediscussionusingRallyRobin(Kaganstrategy)Question:Howwouldyouclassifythisdemonstration,asachemicalchangeorphysicalchange?Justifyyouranswer.Possibleanswer:Chemicalchange,becausewhenthesubstancescameincontactwitheachotheranewsubstance(foam)formed.
Explore–PhysicalandChemicalChangesTeachernotes:Thisisaninquiryactivity,inwhichthestudentshavetheopportunitytoworkwiththeirteammatestoexploreandfindpossibleexplanationswithlittleteacherintervention.Theteachershouldnotprovidestudentswithbackgroundinformation.Inthisactivitythestudentswillexperimentwhenachemicalreactionoccurs,newsubstancesareformed.Theywillalsoexperimentthatinaphysicalchangesubstanceskeeptheirchemicalproperties,buttheirphysicalpropertieschange.Note:Thisactivitywillprobablytakemorethanoneday.Thiscanbedoneinrotatingstations.
1. Studentswillworkingroupsof3to4.Eachgroupwillassignaroletoeachofthemembers:SeniorInvestigatorwhodirectsotherstofollowprocedures;MaterialsManagerwhocollectsandcleansupmaterials;Reporterwhorecordsdataandtalkstotheteacher;Timekeeper/Clean-UpCaptainwhokeepstimeandhelpscleanup.
2. Remindstudentsofsafetyprocedures3. DistributeBlacklinemaster#1–PhysicalandChemicalChanges4. AskMaterialsManagertocollectmaterials5. StudentsstartinvestigationsusingBlacklinemaster#1–PhysicalandChemicalchanges
Explain1. QuestionsareincludedinBlacklineMaster#12. PossibleanswersareincludedintheteachercopyofthesameBlacklineMaster.
Expand:IdentifytheUnknownPowders (Adaptedfrom:http://www.middleschoolchemistry.com/lessonplans/chapter6/lesson6)1. DistributeBlacklineMaster#4–Expandactivity:Identifytheunknownpowder
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2. Studentswillworkinteamsof3or4toidentifyunknownsubstancesbasedontheirreactivity.3. PossibleanswersareincludedintheBlacklineMaster#4
Evaluate
WRAPUP.Bringthelessontoaconclusionbyhavingthestudentsdoinginside-outsidecircleandanswerthefollowingquestions:1. Whatisaphysicalchanges?Inphysicalchangesthechemicalmakeupofthesubstance(s)doesn’tchange.2. Whatisachemicalchange?Inchemicalchangesthechemicalmakeupofthesubstance(s)changes.3. Whatistherelationshipbetweenevaporationandtemperaturechange?Ifthetemperatureoftheliquidincreases,the
moleculeswillmovefasterandtheliquidturnsintogas.4. Whatistherelationshipbetweentemperaturechangeandfreezing?Ifthetemperaturedecreases,themoleculeswillstart
tomoveslowercompacting,turningtheliquidintoasolid.
BlacklineMaster#4:Quiz1. Afterreviewingwiththewrapupactivity,distributeBlacklineMaster#4andallowthestudentstocompletethis
assessmentindividually.SupplementaryResources
Teachers1. ComparingChemicalandPhysicalChanges
Studios,AndrewRader."ChemicalChangesVersusPhysicalChanges."Chem4Kids.com:Matter:Chemicalvs.PhysicalChanges.AndrewRaderStudios,Retrievedfromhttp://www.chem4kids.com/files/matter_chemphys.html.
2. PhasechangesPhase.(2016).InEncyclopædiaBritannica.Retrievedfromhttps://www.britannica.com/science/phase-state-of-matter
Students:1. ComparingChemicalandPhysicalChangesInteractiveActivity
"ComparingChemicalandPhysicalChanges-Activity."ComparingChemicalandPhysicalChanges-Activity.UniversityofUtah,Retrievedfromhttp://home.utah.edu/~u0577548/Comparing%20Chemical%20and%20Physical%20Changes/comparing_activity.htm.
2. TestyourknowledgeInteractiveQuiz"ComparingChemicalandPhysicalChanges-Quiz."ComparingChemicalandPhysicalChanges-Quiz.UniversityofUtah,Retrievedfromhttp://home.utah.edu/~u0577548/Comparing%20Chemical%20and%20Physical%20Changes/comparing_quiz.htm
3. InteractivelabPhysicalandChemicalChangesLab.Takenfromhttp://vital.cs.ohiou.edu/steamwebsite/downloads/ChangeLab.swf
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CITATIONOFSOURCES.I/Weusedthefollowingresourcestobuildourlesson:
1. Spangler,Steve."ExplodingToothpaste-TheLab."TheLab.N.p.,n.d.Web.5Feb.2016.
http://www.stevespanglerscience.com/lab/experiments/exploding-toothpaste-elephants-toothpaste/.2. "DiscoveryEducation."DiscoveryEducation.N.p.,n.d.Web.11Sept.2016.
https://tools.discoveryeducation.com/assessment/viewAssessment.cfm?guidAssetID=93DD8CAE-53C0-4EE0-89EF-B3F67365CD07&student=0&hidesiteformating=true&assetGuid=93DD8CAE-53C0-4EE0-89EF-B3F67365CD07&blnPopup=1.
3. Patti,Galvan,andKesslerJim."UsingChemicalChangetoIdentifyanUnknown."MiddleSchoolChemistry.AmericanChemicalSociety,n.d.Web.11Sept.2016.http://www.middleschoolchemistry.com/lessonplans/chapter6/lesson6.
__ü__Yes,Icitedallmaterialsandresourcesusedinthislesson. Arlene Cuellar Glenda Kitts Maritza Aquino
Lessonauthorsignature
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Name_______________________________________________________Date____________________
Chemical&PhysicalChanges Objective:Inthisactivitythestudentswillexperimentwhenachemicalreactionoccurs,newsubstancesareformed. Theywillalsoexperimentthat inaphysicalchangesubstanceskeeptheirchemicalproperties,buttheirphysicalpropertieschange.Note:Thisactivitywillprobablytakemorethanoneday.Thiscanbedoneinrotatingstations.Station1-Whatwouldhappenif...
InquiryQuestion:Whatdoyouthinkwillhappenwhenvinegarcombineswithbakingsodaorbakingpowder?Prediction:Bakingsoda:____________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Bakingpowder:_________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Safety:Weargogglesandapron;don’tsmell,drink,oreatanythingduringthislab.Cleanyourareaandyourinstrumentsafterthelabandwashyourhands.
Materials• Vinegar• Water• Bakingsoda• Bakingpowder
• 4Balloons• 4Testtube• Testtubeholder• Triplebeambalance
Initialobservations:Physicalproperties:a. Vinegar:_____________________c.Water___________________________
b. Bakingsoda:_______________________d.Bakingpowder________________________
Blackline Master #1
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Procedure1. Place4testtubesinthetesttubeholderandlabeleachoneasfollows:1a,1b,2a,2b2. Pour10mLofvinegarintotesttubes1aand2a.3. Pour10mLofwaterintotesttubes1band2b.4. Measure1tsp(5grams)ofbakingsodaandpouritinside2ofthe4balloons.5. Measure5grams(1tsp)ofbakingpowderandpouritinsidetheother2balloons.6. Puteachballooninthemouthofthetesttubes(makingsurethatyoudonotdropthebakingsodaor
thebakingpowderinside)coveringtheentiremouthofthetesttube.7. Lifteachoneoftheballoons(oneatatime)justenoughtoreleasethebakingsodaorbakingpowder
insidethetesttube:1a,1b,2a,2b.8. Observeandrecordobservationsforeachoneofthetesttubes.
Observations:
1a 1b 2a 2b
Usingthechecklist,answerthefollowingquestions
Analyze:
1. Whattypeofchange(physicalorchemical)didyouseeinthisexperiment?Whatevidencesupports
youranswer?
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
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2. Didtheexperimentsupportyourprediction?Whatevidencesupportsyouranswer?
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
Station2:Dissolvingasubstance(AdoptedfromACSChemistryforLife:InquiryinAction
http://www.inquiryinaction.org/classroomactivities/activity.php?id=16)InquiryQuestion:Doescoloredsugardissolveequallywellinwater,vegetableoil,andalcohol?Prediction
__________________________________________________________Makecoloredsugar
Materials• SandwichZiplocbag• Sugar• Foodcoloring• Alcohol• Water• Vegetableoil• 3popsiclesticks
Procedure1. Put1tablespoonofsugarintheplasticbag.Add1dropoffoodcoloringtothesugar.2. Leavingairinthebag,sealthebagsecurely.3. Shakethebagvigorouslyuntilthesugaristhoroughlycolored.4. Add1teaspoonofcoloredsugarto1tablespoonofwater;add1teaspoonofcoloredsugarto1
tablespoonofalcohol,andadd1teaspoonofcoloredsugarto1tablespoonofvegetableoil.5. StireachwithacleanPopsiclestick.6. Recordyourobservationsbelow.
ObservationsWater Alcohol Oil
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Analyze:
1. Describewhathappenstoboththecolorandthesugarwhenyoustircoloredsugarineachliquid.
Whatdidyoudotomakesureitwasafaircomparison?
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________
2. Ifasubstancedissolvesinoneliquid,willitnecessarilydissolveequallywellinanother?
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
3. Explainyouranswerusingevidencefromyourexperiment.
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
4. Let’ssayyourteachergaveyouasampleofwaterandasampleofisopropylrubbingalcoholbutdid
nottellyouwhichonewaswhich.Assumingyouhadnocoloredsugar;doyouthinkdissolvingsaltor
someothersolutemighthelpyouidentifytheliquids?Whyorwhynot?
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
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AnswersChemical&PhysicalChangesLab
Station1-Whatwouldhappenif...InquiryQuestion:Whatdoyouthinkwillhappenwhenvinegarcombineswithbakingsodaorbakingpowder?Prediction:Bakingsoda:Predictionswillvary_______________________________________________________Bakingpowder:Predictionswillvary____________________________________________________Safety:Weargogglesandapron;don’tsmell,drink,oreatanythingduringthislab.Cleanyourareaandyourinstrumentsafterthelabandwashyourhands.Materials
·Vinegar·Water·Bakingsoda·Bakingpowder
·4Balloons·4Testtube·Testtubeholder·Triplebeambalance
Initialobservations:Physicalproperties:a.Vinegar:liquid,clear,strongodorWater:liquid,clear,odorlessb.Bakingsoda:solid,white,odorless,powderBakingpowder:solid,white,odorless,powder
Procedure1.Place4testtubesinthetesttubeholderandlabeleachoneasfollows:1a,1b,2a,2b2.Pour10mLofvinegarintotesttubes1aand2a.3.Pour10mLofwaterintotesttubes1band2b.4.Measure1tsp(5grams)ofbakingsodaandpouritinside2ofthe4balloons.5.Measure5grams(1tsp)ofbakingpowderandpouritinsidetheother2balloons.6.Puteachballooninthemouthofthetesttubes(makingsurethatyoudonotdropthebakingsodaor
thebakingpowderinside)coveringtheentiremouthofthetesttube.7.Lifteachoneoftheballoons(oneatatime)justenoughtoreleasethebakingsodaorbakingpowder
insidethetesttube:1a,1b,2a,2b.8.Observeandrecordobservationsinthetablebelowforeachoneofthetesttubes.Observations:
1a(vinegar+bakingsoda)
1b(water+bakingsoda)
2a(vinegar+bakingpowder)
2b(water+bakingpowder)
Possibleanswersmayincludeformationofbubbles,ballooninflatesrapidly
Possibleanswersmayincludethatthereisnoreaction,balloondoesn’tinflate
Possibleanswersmayincludeformationofbubbles,ballooninflatesveryslowly
Possibleanswersmayincludeformationofsmallbubbles,ballooninflatesveryslowly
Usingthechecklist,answerthefollowingquestions
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Analyze:• Whattypeofchange(physicalorchemical)didyouseeinthisexperiment?Whatevidencesupports
youranswer?• VinegarandBakingsoda-Chemical(Considerableformationofgas,bubbling,dropoftemperature)• WaterandBakingsoda-Physical(Noreaction,thebakingsodawilldissolveinthewater)• VinegarandBakingpowder-Chemical(MediumformationofGas,verylittledropoftemperature,
littlebubbles)• WaterandBakingsoda-Chemical(Smallformationofgas,verylittledropoftemperature,little
bubbles)• Didtheexperimentsupportyourprediction?Whatevidencesupportsyouranswer?Answerswill
changedependingonthestudents’predictionsStation2:Dissolvingasubstance(AdoptedfromACSChemistryforLife:InquiryinActionhttp://www.inquiryinaction.org/classroomactivities/activity.php?id=16)InquiryQuestion:Doescoloredsugardissolveequallywellinwater,vegetableoil,andalcohol?Prediction
AnswerswillvaryMakecoloredsugar
Materials• SandwichZiplocbag• Sugar• Foodcoloring
• Alcohol• Water• Vegetableoil
Procedure1.Yourteacherwillgiveyouaplasticbagwith1tablespoonofsugarinit.Add1dropoffoodcoloringto
thesugar.2.Leavingairinthebag,sealthebagsecurely.3.Shakethebagvigorouslyuntilthesugaristhoroughlycolored.
ConducttheexperimentProcedure
1.Add1teaspoonofcoloredsugarto1tablespoonofwater;add1teaspoonofcoloredsugarto1tablespoonofalcohol,andadd1teaspoonofcoloredsugarto1tablespoonofvegetableoil.2.StireachwithacleanPopsiclestick.3.Recordyourobservationsbelowinthetablebelow.
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ObservationsWater Alcohol OilWater–thecolorandthesugardissolvedcompletely
Alcohol–thecolordissolves,butthesugardoesnotdissolves
Oil–thecolordoesnotdissolvesneitherdoesthesugar
Analyze:
1. Describewhathappenstoboththecolorandthesugarwhenyoustircoloredsugarineachliquid.Whatdidyoudotomakesureitwasafaircomparison?Thesugardissolvedinthewaterandthecolorblendedinwiththewater.(Answersmayvary).____________
2. Ifasubstancedissolvesinoneliquid,willitnecessarilydissolveequallywellinanother?No__3. Explainyouranswerusingevidencefromyourexperiment.___Althoughsugardissolvedinwater,it
didnotdissolveinthealcoholortheoil.(Answersmayvary)____
4. Let’ssayyourteachergaveyouasampleofwaterandasampleofisopropylrubbingalcoholbutdidnottellyouwhichonewaswhich.Assumingyouhadnocoloredsugar;doyouthinkdissolvingsaltorsomeothersolutemighthelpyouidentifytheliquids?Whyorwhynot?___Yesbecausesaltwilldissolveinwaterbutitwillnotdissolveinalcohol.
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PhysicalandChemicalChangesChecklist
PhysicalChange
______Changeinstateofmatter
______Changeincolor
______Changeindensity
______Theidentityofthesubstancesdidn’tchange
ChemicalChange
______Formationofgasorbubbles
______Changeintemperaturehappenedwhenthesubstanceswereaddedtogether.
______Formationofaprecipitate(solid)
______Changeincolor
PhysicalandChemicalChangesChecklist
PhysicalChange
______Changeinstateofmatter
______Changeincolor
______Changeindensity
______Theidentityofthesubstancesdidn’tchange
ChemicalChange
______Formationofgasorbubbles
______Changeintemperaturehappenedwhenthesubstanceswereaddedtogether.
______Formationofaprecipitate(solid)
______Changeincolor
Blackline Master #2
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IdentifytheUnknownSubstance
Background:Bakingpowderisacombinationofdifferentpowders—bakingsoda,creamoftartar,andcornstarch.Therearetwooftheseingredientsthatreactwhenwaterisaddedtothemixturetoreleaseagas,CO2.
Objective:identifytheunknownsubstanceinbakingpowderthatreactswithwater.
Inquiryquestion:WhichtwosubstancesinbakingpowderreactwithwatertoreleaseCO2(gas)?
Prediction:________________________________________________________________________
Identify:
A. Independentvariable:__________________________________________________________
B. Dependentvariable:____________________________________________________________
C. Controlgroup:________________________________________________________________
Materialsforeachgroup• Bakingsoda• BakingPowder• Cornstarch• Creamoftartar• Water• 4beakers
Procedure
1. Label4beakers:1,2,3,42. Inbeaker1mix5grams(1tsp)ofcreamoftartarwith5grams(1tsp)ofcornstarch.3. Inbeaker2mix5grams(1tsp)ofcreamoftartarwith5grams(1tsp)ofbakingsoda.4. Inbeaker3mix5grams(1tsp)ofbakingsodawith5grams(1tsp)ofcornstarch.5. Inbeaker4add10grams(2tsp)ofbakingpowder.6. Placeathermometerineachoneofthebeakersandrecordtheinitialtemperature.7. Add10mLofwatertobeaker1,observeandrecordobservations.8. Repeatstep7withbeaker2,beaker3,andbeaker4.
Blackline Master # 3
G. Kitts, A. Cuellar, M. Aquino Printed on 1/25/17
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TableSelection CreamofTartar+BakingSoda
BakingSoda+CornStarch
CornStarch+CreamofTartar
Controlgroup
Water
1. Whattwosubstancesreactwithwatertoproducegas?
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2. Wasthisachemicaloraphysicalchange?Explainyouranswer
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3. Whattwosubstancesunderwentphysicalchangeswhenwaterwasadded?Explainyouranswer.
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G. Kitts, A. Cuellar, M. Aquino Printed on 1/25/17
Physical and Chemical Changes page 18
AnswersIdentifytheUnknownSubstance
Background:Bakingpowderisacombinationofdifferentpowders—bakingsoda,creamoftartar,andcornstarch.Therearetwooftheseingredientsthatreactwhenwaterisaddedtothemixturetoreleaseagas,CO2.
Objective:identifytheunknowntwosubstancesinbakingpowderthatreactswithwater.
Inquiryquestion:WhichtwosubstancesinbakingpowderreactwithwatertoreleaseCO2(gas)?
Prediction:_Answerswillvary________________________________________________________
Identify:
A. Independentvariable:_Thecombinationofpowders:creamoftartarandbakingsoda,creamoftartar
andcornstarch,andcornstarchandbakingsoda_______________________________
B. Dependentvariable:_Theformationofbubbles____________________________________
D. Controlgroup:Thesamplewithbakingpowderonly_________________________________
Materialsforeachgroup• Bakingsoda• BakingPowder• Cornstarch• Creamoftartar• Water• 4beakers• Thermometer
Procedure
1. Label4beakers:1,2,3,42. Inbeaker1mix5grams(1tsp)ofcreamoftartarwith5grams(1tsp)ofcornstarch.3. Inbeaker2mix5grams(1tsp)ofcreamoftartarwith5grams(1tsp)ofbakingsoda.4. Inbeaker3mix5grams(1tsp)ofbakingsodawith5grams(1tsp)ofcornstarch.5. Inbeaker4add10grams(2tsp)ofbakingpowder.6. Placeathermometerineachoneofthebeakersandrecordtheinitialtemperature.7. Add10mLofwatertobeaker1,observeandrecordobservations.8. Repeatstep7withbeaker2,beaker3,andbeaker4.
G. Kitts, A. Cuellar, M. Aquino Printed on 1/25/17
Physical and Chemical Changes page 19
TestSolution BakingSoda+CreamofTartar
BakingSoda+CornStarch
CornStarch+CreamofTartar
BakingPowder
ControlgroupWater Bubbling Nochange Nochange Bubbling
4. Whattwosubstancesreactwithwatertoproducegas?Whenwaterwasadded,themixtureofbaking
sodaandcreamoftartarproducedbubbles
5. Wasthisachemicaloraphysicalchange?ExplainyouranswerThiswasachemicalchangebecause
whenwaterwasaddedtothemixtureofcreamoftartarandbakingsodatheproductionofgaswas
observed.
6. Whattwocombinationsunderwentphysicalchangeswhenwaterwasadded?Explainyouranswer.
Whenwaterwasaddedtothemixtureofeithercreamoftartarandcornstarch,orcornstarchand
bakingpowdernonewsubstanceswereformed,andnosignificanttemperaturechangedwasnoticed.
G. Kitts, A. Cuellar, M. Aquino Printed on 1/25/17
Physical and Chemical Changes page 20
Name:______________________________Period:_____________Date:_________________________PhysicalandChemicalChanges1.Identifywhatthereactantsareinachemicalreaction.
A)thesubstancesthatresultfromthereactionB)thesubstancesthatchangeasaresultofthereactionC)thesubstancesthatchangeasaresultofandfromthereactionD)neitherthechangingnorresultingsubstances
2)Whichofthefollowingisnotevidenceofachemicalchange?
A)changeinstateofmatterB)changeintemperatureC)changeincolorD)changeinodor
3.Identifywhattheproductsareinachemicalreaction.A)thesubstancesthatresultfromthereactionB)thesubstancesthatchangeastheresultofthereactionC)thesubstancesthatchangeasaresultofandfromthereactionD)neitherthechangingnorresultingsubstances
4.David'smothermadeaconcentratedsugarsyrupbydissolvingsugarinhotwater.Oncooling,crystalofsugargotseparated.Thisindicatesa:
A)PhysicalchangescanbereversedB)ChemicalchangescanbereversedC)PhysicalchangescannotbereversedD)Chemicalchangescannotbereversed
Blackline Master # 4
G. Kitts, A. Cuellar, M. Aquino Printed on 1/25/17
Physical and Chemical Changes page 21
5.Whichisofthefollowingstatementisincorrectforachemicalchange?
A)Heatmaybegivenoutbut,neverabsorbedB)SoundmaybeproducedC)AcolorchangemaytakeplaceD)Agasmaybeevolved
6.Twodropsofsulfuricacidwereaddedto1gofcoppersulfatepowderandthenasmallamountofhotwaterwasaddedtodissolveit(step1).Oncooling,beautifulbluecoloredbluecrystal,gotseparated,(step2).Step1and2are:
A)chemicalandphysicalchangesrespectivelyB)physicalandchemicalchangesrespectivelyC)bothphysicalchangesD)bothchemicalchanges
G. Kitts, A. Cuellar, M. Aquino Printed on 1/25/17
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Name:______________________________Period:_____________Date:_________________________PhysicalandChemicalChanges1.Identifywhatthereactantsareinachemicalreaction.
A)thesubstancesthatresultfromthereactionB)thesubstancesthatchangeasaresultofthereaction(Correct)C)thesubstancesthatchangeasaresultofandfromthereactionD)neitherthechangingnorresultingsubstances
2)Whichofthefollowingisnotevidenceofachemicalchange?
A)changeinstateofmatter(Correct)B)changeintemperatureC)changeincolorD)changeinodor
3.Identifywhattheproductsareinachemicalreaction.A)thesubstancesthatresultfromthereaction(Correct)B)thesubstancesthatchangeastheresultofthereactionC)thesubstancesthatchangeasaresultofandfromthereactionD)neitherthechangingnorresultingsubstances
4.David'smothermadeaconcentratedsugarsyrupbydissolvingsugarinhotwater.Oncooling,crystalofsugargotseparated.Thisindicatesa:
A)Physicalchangescanbereversed(Correct)B)ChemicalchangescanbereversedC)PhysicalchangescannotbereversedD)Chemicalchangescannotbereversed
G. Kitts, A. Cuellar, M. Aquino Printed on 1/25/17
Physical and Chemical Changes page 23
5.Whichofthefollowingstatementisincorrectforachemicalchange?A)Heatmaybegivenoutbut,neverabsorbed(Correct)B)SoundmaybeproducedC)AcolorchangemaytakeplaceD)Agasmaybeevolved
6.Twodropsofsulfuricacidwereaddedto1gofcoppersulphatepowderandthenasmallamountofhotwaterwasaddedtodissolveit,(step1).Oncooling,beautifulbluecoloredcrystalswereformed.(step2).Step1andStep2are:(Identifythechangesineachstepinorder).
A)chemicalandphysicalchangesrespectivelyB)physicalandchemicalchangesrespectively(Correct)C)bothphysicalchangesD)bothchemicalchanges