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Phonetics: The Sounds of Language
CONSONANT SOUNDS
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Places of Articulation
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Voicing
Voiced: The glottal state in which the vocal folds are brought close together but not tightly closed, causing air passing through them to vibrate. [b], [d], [g], [v], [ð], [z], [ʒ], [dʒ], [m], [n], [ŋ], [l], [r],
[w], [y]
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Voicing
Voiceless: The glottal state in which the vocal folds are pulled apart, allowing air to pass directly through the glottis. [p], [t], [k], [f], [θ], [s], [ʃ], [tʃ]
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Places of ArticulationPlaces of Articulation
Bilabial [p], [b], [m], [w]
Labiodental
Interdental
Alveolar [t], [d], [s], [z], [l], [n]
[θ], [ð]
[f], [v]
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Places of ArticulationPlaces of Articulation
Palatal [ʃ], [ʒ], [tʃ ], [dʒ], [r], [y]
Velar
Glottal [h]
[k], [g], [ŋ ],
So, how many consonant sounds are there in English Language?24
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For each of the following pairs of sounds, state whether the place of articulation is the same or
different. Then identify the place of articulation. a. Alveolar : Alveolar
b. Velar : Velar
c. Bilabial : Velar
d. Alveolar : Alveolar
e. Bilabial : Alveolar
f. Palatal : Palatal
g. Labiodental : Glottal
a. [s] : [l]
b. [k] : [ŋ]
c. [p] : [g]
d. [t] : [z]
e. [m] : [n]
f. [dʒ ] : [ʃ]
g. [ f ] : [h]
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Manner of ArticulationManner of Articulation
Plosive (Stop): Complete and momentary closure of airflow through the vocal tract. [p], [t], [k], [b], [d], [g]
Nasal: The airflow passes through the nasal passages. [n], [m], [ŋ]
Fricative: Continuous airflow through the mouth. [f], [v], [s], [z], [θ], [ð], [ʃ], [ʒ ], [h]
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Manner of ArticulationManner of Articulation Affricate: The stop articulation is released and
the tongue moves rapidly away. [tʃ], [dʒ]
Liquid: Air escapes through the mouth along the lowered sides of the tongue. [l], [r]
Glide: semi-consonants. [ y ], [w]
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For each of the following pairs of sounds, For each of the following pairs of sounds, state whether the manner of articulation is state whether the manner of articulation is the same or different. Then identify the the same or different. Then identify the manner of articulation for each sound.manner of articulation for each sound.
a. Fricative : Fricative
b. Stop : Stop
c. Glide : Glide
d. Fricative : Fricative
e. Liquid : Stop
f. Fricative : Fricative
g. Affricate : Fricative
a. [s] : [θ ]
b. [k] : [g]
c. [w] : [ y ]
d. [ f ] : [ʃ]
e. [l] : [t]
f. [ð] : [v]
g. [tʃ] : [s]
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Phonetic Description
When describing phonemes: voicing is first place of articulation is second manner of articulation is third
[p] voiceless bilabial stop
[v] voiced labiodental fricative
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After each of the following articulatory descriptions, write the sound described in phonetic brackets.
a. Voiceless velar stop
b. Voiced labiodental fricative
c. Voiced alveolar affricate
d. Voiced palatal glide
a. [k]
b. [v]
c. [dʒ]
d. [y]
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After each of the following sounds, write the articulatory description.
a. [ŋ]
b. [θ]
c. [r]
d. [tʃ]
a. Voiced velar nasal
b. Voiceless interdental fricative
c. Voiced palatal liquid
d. Voiceless palatal affricate