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PENGOLAHAN CITRA DIGITAL
Aditya Wikan [email protected]
UNIV KRISTEN DUTA WACANA – GENAP 1213
1
Pengantar Pengolahan Citra Digital
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PENGOLAHAN CITRA DIGITAL
Image
1950 Image Processing
1970 Computer VisionImage
Description (Pavlidis, 1986)
1970 Computer Graphics
1970 Computer Vision
1960 Pattern Recognition
Artificial Intelligence
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Computer
Graphics Computer
Vision
Digital Image
Processing
GRAPHICS
IN COMPUTER
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Computer
Graphics Computer
Vision�Data Visualization
�CGI
�Pattern Generator �Feature Detection
�Feature Extraction
Digital Image
Processing
�Image Manipulation
�Image Effects
�Image Preprocessing
�Feature Extraction
�Pattern Recognition
(Native and AI)GRAPHICS
IN COMPUTER
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Computer
Graphics Computer
VisionDATA � IMAGE
IMAGE � DATA
Digital Image
ProcessingIMAGE � IMAGE
GRAPHICS
IN COMPUTER
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Digital Image Processing:
Input: pixels, output: pixels.
Manipulate existing images to achieve desired
visual results (image correction, visual effects,
transparency, image stitching)
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Computer Vision:
Input: pixels, output: data.
Read images, manipulate if necessary and
interprets it (segmentation, thinning, edge
detection, isolation, properties extraction)
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Computer Graphics:
Input: data, output: pixels.
Create, plot and manipulate images using data to
render analytic visual result (image primitives,
transformations, fractals, 2D and 3D planar
projection)projection)
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APA ITU CITRA (IMAGE)?
• Citra: sebuah representasi visual dalam bentuk fungsi
f(x,y) di mana f adalah kecerahan (atau warna) pada
titik (x,y)
• Sebagian besar citra didefinisikan dalam bentuk segi• Sebagian besar citra didefinisikan dalam bentuk segi
empat. Bersifat kontinu dalam ruang dan amplitudo
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APA ITU CITRA DIGITAL?
• Citra Digital: sampel diskret f [x,y] yang
merepresentasikan citra kontinu f (x,y)
• Setiap elemen dari senarai dua-dimensi f [x,y]
disebut pixel atau pel (dari „picture element“) disebut pixel atau pel (dari „picture element“)
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DARI MANA CITRA DIGITAL DIDAPAT?
• Kamera, scanner, sensor (obtained)
• Bitmap drawing software (created)
• Mainstream formats:
BMP, JPG, PNG,BMP, JPG, PNG,
GIF, TIFF, RAZ
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KOMPONEN WARNA CITRA DIGITAL
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PROSES KUANTISASI
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REPRESENTASI CITRA DIGITAL
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RESOLUSI SPASIAL CITRA
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RESOLUSI SPASIAL CITRA
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MENGAPA PERLU MEMPROSES CITRA?
• Acquire an image
– Correct aperture and color balance
– Reconstruct image from projections
• Prepare for display or printing• Prepare for display or printing
– Adjust image size
– Color mapping, gamma-correction, halftoning
• Facilitate picture storage and transmission
– Efficiently store an image in a digital camera
– Send an image from space
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MENGAPA PERLU MEMPROSES CITRA?
• Enhance and restore images
– Touch up personal photos
– Color enhancement for security screening
• Preparation for Recognition• Preparation for Recognition
– Read 2-d bar codes
– Character recognition
� An essential step in Computer Vision!
And many more… so ubiquitous!
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IT GOES BEYOND ACNE REMOVING!
• Photography: Image Stitching
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IT GOES BEYOND ACNE REMOVING!
• Effects: Image Morphing
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IT GOES BEYOND ACNE REMOVING!
• Computer vision preprocessing: Face Detection
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IT GOES BEYOND ACNE REMOVING!
• Security: Face Detection + Blur
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… AND FAR MORE
Source: Bernd Girod
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THAT’S ALL FOLKS!
• Sampai jumpa minggu depan
• Sempatkanlah membaca buku Gonzalez bab 1 dan 2
(ada di perpustakaan) sebagai dasar mata kuliah ini.
• Sekian dan terima kasih. Silakan jika ada pertanyaan.