CONSIDERATIONS OF AID's PROPOSED

&ZLECOMMUNICAT ..- IONS PROGRAM - .- . - . - - -. . - 4

.-.-- -,--"'f . - . ... --,-. .. - - 7 .. - - -- ..... -

D e v e l o p e d by . -- - .--

.*-" . . . . ._L PPC/ E-DIU

~ r e $ a r e d b y : Lee White

TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE

I. Purpose o f T e l e c o m m u n i c a ~ i o n s Usage by D . I . U . . .......... 1 .-

11. I s s u e s ..........1..................a................o... 3

111. D I U ~ e c o m m e n d a t i o n s and Needs .......................... 8

NOTE: This r e p o r t has b e e n p r e p a r e d as s u p p l e m e n t a l d a t a t o t h e AID/W Telcommunicat ions Survey b e i n g conducted by M/SER/ IRM. The i n f o r m a t i o n r e p r e s e n t s v i e w p o i n t s PPC-E/ D P U c o n s i d e r s e s s e n t i a l t o s o l v i n g some o f t h e p e r s i s t e n t communications problems t h a t e x i s t r e l a t i n g t o t h e exchange o f " i n s t i t u t i o n a l memory" i n f o r m a t i o n w i t h i n t h e AID/W env i ronment and between AID/W and t h e f i e l d . Improvements i n t h e s p e e d , media f l e x i b i l i t y and scope o f i n f o r m a t i o n t r a n s f e r o f f e r v a s t p o t e n t i a l s t o ameliorate long s t a n d i n g c o n c e r n s a b o u t A I D ' s c a p a c i t y t o implement e f f e c t i v e development programs th rough improved awareness and c o n s i d e r a t i o n o f " l e s s o n s l e a r n e d " .

F i c 6 C o ? y F i l e M/SER/IRM

May 15, 1984

During a recent m t i n g w i t h IRM and DIU staff, April 24, 1984 you requested that a paper be prepared which outlined Dm's requiremnts within an AID Telecamnrnications System. The attached documnt presents a series of +&cal and policy considerations which should be r e v i m in the process of designing and implementing the proposed international and local area telecammunication networks. The recamndations and nee& support, (1) DIU's mandate to acquire, process and disseminate AID'S developrrent exprience into/£ ran the AID "institutional m r y " and, (2) SER/W/CRM1s mandate to acquire, manage and retire the Agency's "official records." (NOTE: flrpport for the SER/M3/W requirerents is purely fran a DIU perspective. IRM should continue to work closely with SER/MO/CFN to further define their needs.)

- . ~f I & of arly h*~er assisbyee, ~;leass emta-,' x at >:P.:- r-zi:kst convenience.

cc: AAA/PFC/E, ?&wen N0kU-l PIXIE-DIU, Maury Brm PPC/EMS, Mary -e SER/bD/CRM, Falph Williams M/SER/Ilrs?I/CS, Jim Lindahl PPC/PB, Paul Greenaugh

I. Purpose o f ~elecommunicat ions Sys tern

From D I U 1 s pe r spec t ive , the purpose of any telecommunications

system i n s t i t u t e d by A I D should be t o : . - - - --

~ n c r e a s e x h e - -- speed o f communications between: - - - - - - ...

AID/W and USAID Missions.

AID/W .Bureaus and o f f i c e s loca ted throughout

t h e -.Metropolitan Washington Area (New S t a t e - Rosslyn - Universal North Bldg).

AID/W Bureaus/ Off i c e s and hos t country counter-

p a r t o rgan iza t ions .

Increase A I D ' s c a p a b i l i t y t o communicate with:

1 . A I D -Contractors/ Grantees

2. Unive r s i t i e s

3. I n t e r n a t i o n a l Development Organizat ions (UN-

WB-etc.) . Provide t h e means t o r a p i d l y t r a n s m i t documents con-

t a ined i n A I D ' s i n s t i t u t i o n s meiuory, i n image form,

t o those ind iv idua l s and o rgan iza t ions i n A I D / W and overseas who now r e l y on t r a d i t i o n a l means (pouch, m a i l s , c a b l e s , telephone) f o r kmowledge requ i red t o des ign and implement e f f e c t i v e development programs.

Information presented in t h i s r e p o r t is intended t o augment D I U ' s

s p e c i f i c response submitted e a r l i e r t o t h e M / S E R / I R M quest ion- n a i r e (See e x h i b i t A) .

-. -. . - -- .- The i s s u e s r a i s e d Gerei* are m a t t e r s * both of p o l i c y and tech- - nology. Their c l o s e i n t e r r e l a t i o n s h i p needs t o be c l e a r l y

perceived by t h e h ighes t l e v e l s of management wi th in t h e agency.

- While t h i s r e p o r t -recognizes the improbabi l i ty of implementing

a f u l l - s c a l e tele-cbmmunications system, it r e f l e c t s the b e l i e f s - P.. - .

t h a t s i g n i f i c a n t -advantages - can accrue t o t h e agency by i d e n t i -

fying telecommunications network nodes t h a t can i n i t i a l l y

f a c i l i t a t e t h e t ransmiss ion and r e c e i p t of c r i t i c a l development

information. A more comprehensive telecommunications network

w i l l evolve subsequent ly a s experience i s gained i n the system's

use. This "bu i ld ing block" approach t o developing a comprehensive

telecommunications -system needs t o proceed wi th in t h e con tex t

o f agencywide management p o l i c i e s , as well as emerging telecom-

munications and information handling technologies .

In a d d i t i o n , D I U s t r o n g l y urges t h a t a l l recommendations made

as a r e s u l t of t h i s survey be presented t o A I D t o p management

as p a r t of t h e f i n a l d e ~ i s i o n making progress p r i o r t o implemen-

t a t i o n . By pe rmi t t ing open d i scuss ion , t h e r a m i f i c a t i o n s of

t h i s important technologica l innovation on A I D management, pe r -

sonnel and procedures can be b e t t e r apprec ia ted with a p p r o p r i a t e

.management a c t i o n s taken t o (1 ) i nc rease t h e e f f e c t i v e n e s s and

(2) t o l i m i t t h e adverse o rgan iza t iona l impact a s soc ia ted wi th

t h e system implementation.

I ssues f o r management cons idera t ion are l i s t e d i n the fol lowing s e c t i o n .

i . - . 11. Issues . ',

I

.i

A. Respons ib i l i ty f o r t Information Management ?

The e l e c t r o n i c t r a n s f i t o f documents must occur wi th in the

context o f c o m m u ~ i ~ a t i o n s / - - s t a r a g e technologies t h a t w i l l be

s u b s t i t u t e d f o r c u r r e n t d a i l y management information exchanges

( c a b l e s , memos, l e t t e r s , e t c . ) as we l l a s f o r major documents

used i n program/proj e c t ope ra t ions . This "paper less o f f ice"

approach t o information exchange r e q u i r e s A I D t o e s t a b l i s h

p o l i c i e s f o r s ignature] approval o f e l e c t r o n i c a l l y t ransmi t ted

documents ; maintain c o n t r o l of e l e c t r o n i c documents f o r

" o f f i c i a l records" a r c h i v a l purposes; and f a c i l i t a t e access

t o t h i s e l e c t r o n i c " i n b t i t u t i o n a l memory" without excess ive

media conversion c o s t s . Respons ib i l i ty f o r managing t h i s

information flow and s to rage media needs t o be f ixed and

c l e a r l y understood by .all AID organ iza t iona i elements.

B. Review and Approvdls

A means t o determine t h e a u t h e n t i c i t y of e l e c t r o n i c a l l y

t r ansmi t t ed documents must be e s t a b l i s h e d . This includes

sender/addressee r e s p o n s i b i l i t y o f program o r management in-

formation d i s t r i b u t e d ~ l e c t r o n i c a l l y ( e .g . , accounting d a t a ;

budget d a t a ; p r o j e c t design m a t e r i a l s , e t c .) . As m a t e r i a l s

go through t h e review and approval process , what ve r s ion

u l t i m a t e l y becomes t h e " o f f i c i a l " ve r s ion ( f o r a c t i o n , a r c h i v a l , o r " info" purposes) and how a r e approval s i g n a t u r e s a f f ixed? Who has t h e author i ty :ko modify e l e c t r o n i c a l l y generated documents, when warranted?

- C. Merging o f ~ i e c t r o n i c and Paper b c u m e n t s

Since many of the agency's t r a n s a c t i o n s involve r e l a t i o n s h i p s

w i t h o u t s i d e organiza. t ions t h a t may n o t be p a r t o f t h e A I D . . telecommunication system ( i n i t i a l l y , at l e a s t ) , cons idera t ion

of merging paper and e l e c t r o n i c documents i s e s s e n t i a l espec-

i a l l y f o r documents r e q u i r i n g ou t s ide o r g a n i z a t i o n s i g n a t u r e s

( c o n t r a c t s , loan agreements, MOU' s , ' e t c . ) . Also, a p r a c t i c a l

concern e x i s t s wi th the c r e a t i o n s of a phys ica l " o f f i c i a l "

pro j e c t f i l e from both e l e c t r o n i c a l l y s t o r e d documents and

paper documents.

D. E lec t ron ic Dis t r ibu t ion / Dissemination

W i l l t h e system permit improvements i n t h e d i s t r i b u t i o n of

information f o r "action" a s wel l a s " informat ion" purposes?

How w i l l ac t ion/approvals be noted and r e v i s i o n s made e l e c -

t r o n i c a l l y ? Who has a u t h o r i t y t o r e v i s e an e l e c t r o n i c document

- o r i g i n a t o r o r addressee? How w i l l d i s t r i b u t e d copies be

maintained - i n e l e c t r o n i c medium a t "mai l box" o r conversion

t o paper v i a l o c a l p r i n t e r wi th in a d d r e s s e e ' s o f f i c e ?

E. Phys ica l S ~ a c e ~ e d u c t i o n

In cons ider ing i n s t i t u t i o n of the telecommunications system,

what phys ica l impact on c u r r e n t o f f i c e space requirements

w i l l occur by t h e i n s t a l l a t i o n o f t e m i n a l s , p r i n t e r s , modems, microf iche readers, e t c ? ; and, w i l l t h e r educ t ion i n f i l e c a b i n e t s , bookcases ,+'and o t h e r paper s t o r a g e devices r e s u l t i n commensurate o f f s e t s ?

F. Impact on Personnel

What are t he impl ica t ions on e x i s t i n g personnel who a r e engaged

, -

i n traditional %ssignments involving process ing , d i s semina t ing ,

s t o r i n g and r e t r i e v i n g paper f i l e s ? What t r a i n i n g w i l l be

r equ i red t o enable personnel t o develop s k i l l s r equ i red t o

mainta in e l e c t r o n i c f i l e s ( d i s k e t t e s , hard d i s c s , e t c . ) micro-

f i c h e , and dev ices required i n the r e c e i p t / t ransmiss ion/

p rocess ing / f i l hg / r e t r i ev ing of e l e c t r o n i c documents? Can

t r a i n i n g c o s t s i o - h e v e l o p t h i s s k i l l e d c a d r e o f personnel be af forded? How w i l l . - t hese new r o l e s .and assignments be s p l i t

between p ro fess iona l and c l e r i c a l s t a f f s ? W i l l p r o f e s s i o n a l s o r secretaries/administrative a s s i s t a n t s assume c o n t r o l over information resources , e s p e c i a l l y i f access i s l i m i t e d e lec -

t r o n i c a l l y and t h e i r job assignments r e q u i r e manipulating t h e

dev ices used i n t h e c r e a t i n g , sending and r e c e i p t of e l e c t r o n i c

documents?

G. Sys tem In tegra t ion / Maintenance

The volume of information t o be routed through the proposed

telecommunications network w i l l grow in d i r e c t r e l a t i o n t o

t h e l e v e l of u t i l i t y t h e system provides t o t h e u s e r s . The

network must have the capac i ty t o r e c e i v e , temporar i ly hold/

r e d i s t r i b u t e and make f i n a l d i s t r i b u t i o n o f information

according t o r o u t i n g i n s t r u c t i o n s . How o f t e n must f i l e s be

purged t o make room f o r new, incoming m a t e r i a l s ? What medium

w i l l t h e back up f i l e s use ... o p t i c a l d i s c f o r e l e c t r o n i c

r e t r i e v a l ? Off l i n e : p r i n t t o paper? COM? How w i l l t he agency

accomodate redundant . e l e c t r o n i c f i l e s ? W i l l a l l r ecords being

maintained i n e l e c t r o n i c format be accessable t o a l l agency personnel through a common r e t r i e v a l system? W i l l technology permi t t h e agency's " i n s t i t u t i o n a l memory" t o stay o n - l i n e i n machine processable format and be accessable t o anyone with a u t h o r i z a t i o n who has t h e necessary t r a i n i n g and equipment?

. . - - *--- .. -. r H. classif i e d - - v s - . c i a a s i f ied M a t e r i a l s

-. . - - x-

The proposed system envis ions t r ansmiss ion o f u n c l a s s i f i e d

m a t e r i a l s only.-?%ow . . . will agency c o n t r o l dua l medium, c l a s -

s i f ied document 'ommunications systems, e s p e c i a l l y regarding : _ L C -- - +a= -. -

o Records management?

o Communications?

o I n s t i t u t i o n a l memory?

The proposed system enbis ions handling d a t a , voice and t e x t

t r ansmiss ions . How w i l l g raph ics , c h a t s , maps, photographs, engineer ing drawings, bul t i -hued m a t e r i a l s (pho top la tes , c h a r t s ,

graphs) and o t h e r images ( e s p e c i a l l y overs i zed documents) be I

handled s i n c e they are1 an i n t e g r a l pari: of the " i n s t i ~ u t i o n a l

memory" ?

J. Costs

What w i l l be t h e front-end investment needed t o equip o f f i c e s

with t h e needed t e rmina l s , s to rage d e v i c e s , communications

l i n k s , p r i n t e r s and ocher gear r equ i red t o implement the

system? W i l l o f f i c e s t h a t lack budgetary resources be

penal ized or w i l l t h e lietwork be broad enough t o permit access t o e l e c t r o n i c information by a l l who need i t? -

While technology w i l l permit da ta t o b e t ransmi t ted a s needed, A I D management p o l i c i e s w i l l c o n t r o l a c c e s s t o the technology, and subsequent ly t o information. How w i l l p o l i c i e s r e s t r i c t

access? By document type? By sender? By d a t e s ? By s u b j e c t ?

By addressee? -By type of information (adm/budget / f inancial /

t e c h n i c a l / e t c . ) ? W i l l access be c o n t r o l l e d by t h e l e v e l and

e x t e n t of equipment a v a i l a b l e i n a s p e c i f i c o f f i c e ? W i l l

placement o f equipment be determined by ranking i n AID organ-

i z a t i o n a l h ierarchy? Need t o know? What w i l l be t h e impact

on increased c l a s s i f i e d - o r LOU communications? - --- * - -

L. Responsiveness t o Legal Requirements

The proposed telecommunications system w i l l permit documents

t o be c r e a t e d , t r a n s m i t t e d , received and s t o r e d e l e c t r o n i c a l l y .

In what medium must t h e s e e l e c t r o n i c a l l y generated documents

u l t i m a t e l y e x i s t i n o rde r t o comply with A I D o r National

Archive r e g u l a t i o n s f o r maintaining o f f i c i a l records . If

these documents a r e maintained e l e c t r o n i c a l l y i n a c e n t r a l

f i l e , w i l l ind iv idual ' o f f i c e s be r e l i eved o f t h e i r c u r r e n t

r e s p o n s i b i l i t y of maintaining " o f f i c i a l " paper r e c o r d s ; o r

w i l l they be re l ega ted t o maintaining s imple "case" f i l e s ?

What u n i t wi th in AID w i l l have o v e r a l l r e s p o n s i b i l i t y f o r t h e

i n t e g r i t y of t h e s e e l e c t r o n i c a rch ives - IRM o r CRM?

4 . -

111. DIU Ideas on Use sf ~elecommunications

D I U perceives the.-advent of a global telecommunications network as an opportunity to:

- -

-. - - Signif icantly-Xmprove -- - . AID' s capability to overcome crit- icisms level against the agency that it fails to fully

utilize its experientical archives in designing and

planning development programs and proj ects . Transform the'-traditional paper document into an electronic

image that satisfies AID'S institutional memory, records

management and archival functions and responsibilities.

Permit AID personnel to increase their awareness of the institutional memory through improved access and contri-

butions.

Enhance the analytical products which synthesize "lessons

learned" information available through the Development

Information System.

This opportunity should not be overlooked in management's

decision to implement a telecommunication system.

DIU has structured how a telecommunications system can support agencywide information exchange activities according to various levels of activity. They are presented on the following pages in a series of process' diagrams as Exhibit B.

While the telecommunications system will be valuable in pro-

viding a link between AID/W and overseas Missions, additional

benefits will accrue in AID/W through a Local Area Network

(LAN) that permits all AID/W off ices to receive/ transmit

messages overseas as w e l l as lcoally-generated documents. Exhibit C provides -estimates on the volumes now being sent through traditional channels

of information that are candidates

for conversion to telecommunicatins. - - - ._* - - I

- . -

Exhibit D graphically depicts' a conceptual model of how a LAN would interface %itfhin AID/W Central Receiving/Sending Mode that interacts w i t h overseas s i t e s .

A . . .

- - . Exh ib i t C - - -

Analys i s o f PPC-E/ D I U Informat ion Flow

MONTHLY

A. ACQUISITIONS TOTAL ( PAGES) ** ,+=-- - - -

1 . P r o j e c t - l e v e l documents s e n t t o AIDIDIHF

f o r i n c l u s i o n i n A I D I n s t i t u t i o n a l

Memory (DIS) 34,950

2. Proj e c t - l e v e l documents s e n t t o AID/ DIHF

f o r i n c l u s i o n i n Geo-Bureau O f f i c i a l

Archives 45,000

3 . Technical documents / repor t s s e n t t o DIHF

f o r i n c l u s i o n i n I n s t i t u t i o n a l Memory ( DIS) 32,550

TOTAL 112,500

B. USER REQUESTS

1 . Volume o f s to red-paper Documentation r e q u e s t e d of DIHF and

t r a n s m i t t e d i n paper copy* t o :

o O f f i c e s i n A I D / W (A l l ) 100,000 o USAID Missions ( t h r u A I D / W o f f i c e s ) 23,225 o USAID Missons directly (Via Pouch/APO) . 17,050

TOTAL 1 4 0 , 2 7 5

*Inc ludes both P r o j e c t Documents and Technical Repor t s

**Represents 8 1/2" x 11" page s i z e @ w/approximately 80 c h a r a c t e r s /

lines or 4,800 characters/page

2. On-Line seakhing of DIS Computer System : -:- - ..- - -

*

o SA-18(i$01 ti. Kent) . -x .".-

(PPC-EJDIU staff - 2nd Floor; DIC - 1 st f b d r )

o SA-14 (1735 N. Lynn)

(PPC-E/ESDS; Contracts Off ice ; other)

Average Log-on

Time in Minutes/Month

o New State

(AFR Bureau; Asia Bureau; PPC-E) 6 , 4 6 6

3 . Volume of computer-generaced Printouts Requiring High-speed Telecommunications Line between AID/W facilities and DIHF

in Bethesda:

f. U S E O F A I D / W T E L E C O R M U N I C A T I O N S Number of staff

Functions Being Needed Bureau/ Used Off ice or

Division Directors 6 Deputies

1. Peer to Peer Communication

1.1 Micto to micro x - 1.2 W P t o W P X C

2. Access to computers and/or databanks:

Within A I D / W 2.1 AID/W mainframe computer 2.2 ' DIU (HP 3000) 2.3 Cable Computer

~xternal to AID/W - 2.4 Federal agenc les 2.5 Commercial 2.6 Networks 2.7 Other

3. ~ownload/Upload Data (data/ text transfer) I I I 3.1 AID Mainframe to/from micro 3.2 AID Mainframe to/from WP 3.3 Mini to/from micro 3.4 Mini to/from WP 3.5 Micro t o W P 3 . 6 WP tomicro 3.7 Commercial/Federal Agency

Computer to MICRO

F U N C T I O N S rho use/need the function

Project Jsecretarial & Managers 6 Suppoc t Other

. % . PPCIE-DIU/DI . . . . .I LI . . a . . I .

6 * @

TI. The purpose of this question is to determine the source and volume of information . . rece ived by your Off ices.

11.1. Please indicate in rank order the seven major sources of information received from within A I D / W used to perform the day-to-day activities of the Office. Include exception reporting or ad hoc activities if they are

. . part of the Office function/mission. Use 1 .8 Eor " a l l . o t h e r officesa or . .. use an additional paqe to record additional major sources.

. . . . --

. SOURCE @ ( O f €ice

symbol) - .. . .

. SER/HO 1.1 .

. . .. .. OPA

- 1 . 2 a

. . . . PPC/E-DIU . . . '. I . I -- --

: ' PPC (other) I 4 -.- .- - a' SLT

. * . 1 . 'J . -- -- ' . ; AFRICA. . ; l . G . .

. . ' U C . 1.7

.. " . OTHERS . . 1 .8 -

BUILDING CODE

N S

NS

SA-14

NS --

SA-18

NS

NS

N S

I N F O R M A T I O N VOLUME 0 p W W / interval)

H

H

H

M

I M

M

M

H

V O L R E C E I V E D B Y U M E TYPE OF

PROGRAM & PROJECT (TECHNICAL)

H ---

H

H

M

M

M

INFORMATION

BUDGET

- - _-. - _ -- --

L

A_-

I H H

RECEIVED

FINANCIAL

--- I --_..--._.

L

1.

-

AUMIN

H -____ ___ _ -

H

, H

- - L,,

---

~ ' ~ H E R

W _ _ -

H

M ..-

-----

M --- -

M

t4

. 111. Y'he purpose of this question is to determine where your Off ices send

; . inEormation within AID/W and how much information they send daily. . .

111 .1 Please indicate in rank order up to seven major destination points of . . information processed in A I D / W by your Off ice. Use 1.8 f o r "a11 other

offices" or use an additional page t o record the a d d i t i o n a l major destination polnts.

. . . . .

I N S E N T T O O T I I E R O F F I C E S B Y V O L U M E VOLUME I TYPE OF INFORMATION SENT

M A T 1 3UILDING CODE OTIIER . , (Off ice

s ~nbo 1 ) i-L--- . PPC/E-DIU

. L.1 CI--

. S6T . '

1 . 2 . .. .

PPC (Other)

. . 1 . 3 --- . '. AFRICA

( f i pages/ ( PROGRAM 61 PROJECT BUDGET ADMIN interval) (TECIIN ICAL)

A S I A

OTHER

: 1 . n . . -

I V ; The purpose of this question is to determine the use made by this office of ' ? . I

' . , . . . . . facsimile equipment. Please complete the following matrix, using information

supplied by the user. . .

IV. L Does your OEfice use the facsimile network? Yes /No/ (Circle one) - IV. 2 . If nYes,n estimate how much information is transmitted via this

equipment. Include documents sent and received from other AID/W o€Eices, as well as organizations outside oE AID/LJ.

U S E O F F A C S I M I L E E Q U I P M E N T - Intra-AID/W

.. .

: I External to AID/W I I . . I NCOM I NG

. - ----- . * Plea!:~ provide any comments you may have on the convenience, speed and c l a r i t y of

t h i s k irvl oE communication.

( pages/interval

External to, AID/W

w Intca-AID/W I

Commentst

.,,,. - . 1 .

. . . - . * J .

V. The purpose of this question is to estimate the potential use of a non-secure automated cable link between AID/W oEEice qutomation equipment and the AID Cable Room.

. . V. 1 It is important to determine how many copies are typically made of cables (action and information copies), in order to estimate the volume of cable traffic within the Bureau and within AID/W that would be carried on this new cable system. . . .

. . . . . . . Please help the office complete the following information.

I

I ACT ION CABLES I r NFORMATION CABLES

I made made

. . . OUTGOING I . .

, '. . . I NCOM l NG

l i t r k existed, trow much o f t h e exLst - . i~ lq c n l ~ l r ! II this rron-secure cable sy.ste~u?

lutgoing informat ion = 0 Lncomlng action = % Incoming inEormation = %

I . , '* . . v1.1 The Department of State has agreed to supply AID with high-speed lines to . ' a

#

USAIDs. Assuming a permanent, full-time link existed between your Office and . the U S A I D s you communicate with, please give use an estimate of the amount of documents (expressed in number of pages) which could be sent v i a this link. Include information currently sent by pouch and cable.

ESTIMATED VOLUME ( # pages/interval)

SENT I

RECEIVED I

V1.2 How much of the unclassified information that is currently sent/received by cable do you estimate could be sent/received via this non-secu,re, linkage between AID/W and missions?

Estimate: % *

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VIII. Other. Telecommunicat~ns Issues

VIII. 1 Can your Off ice identiEy other telecommunications needs or functions that this questionnaire has not addressed? Yes No (Circle one)

1.1 If Wyes,a describe the need(s) or function(s) . use additional pages if necessary.

VIII. 2. Improving AID'S telecommunications system must be justified in terms of savings in time, cost, etc., or in terms of improved productivity or efficiency.

Please list any indicators which can be used to justify additional telecommunications support to AID/W and the USAIDs, and try to quantify, if possible, the savings (in time or dollars) or benefits which would result.

Indicator Savings/Benefits