Download - PCog - Acetate Metabolism
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Antibiotics Derived From
Acetate Metabolism
Catarina Cauilan
Angelene Kate Onate
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Acetate Metabolism
Involves head-to-tail condensation of2 carbon units or the formation ofsome type of isoprenoid compound
Derived from polyetides
Deviates the tetracyclines! 2macrolides! a fe" polyenes andgriseofulvin
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#$#%AC&C'I($)
A group of actinomycete antibioticsthat have a broad spectrum andconsiderable therapeutic utility
Chlortetetracycline Demeclocycline
Do*ycycline Methacycline
Minocycline O*ytetracylcine#etracycline
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Chlortetetracycline
+-chlorotetracycline From Streptomyces aureofaciens
First tetracycline antibiotic for
therapeutic responses $mployed in veterinary medicine ,to
treat conunctivitis in cats.
$*ample/ Aureomycin
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Demeclocycline +-chloro-0-demethyltetracycline
Currently used in therapy 1sed orally as the Cl )alt
$*ample/ Declomycin
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Do*ycycline
0-deo*y-3-hydro*ytetracycline
From o*ytetracycline by chemicaldehydration and reduction
$*ample/ Do*y! Do*ychel! 4ibramycin
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Methacycline
From o*ytetracycline by chemical
dehydration
1sed orally as the Cl )alt
$*ample/ %ondomycin
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Minocycline
5y reductive methylation of +-nitro-0-demethyl-0-deo*ytetracylcine
For treating Neisseria gonoorhoeae,"hen penicillin is unavailable.
For carrier states of N. meningitidis
$*ample/ Minocin
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O*ytetracycline
3-hydro*ytetracycline From Streptomyces rimosus
$*ample/ O*ymycin! 1ri-#et
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#etracycline Found in the antibiotic mi*ture of
Streptomyces aureofaciens,6738.
'east e*pensive and mostcommonly utili9ed tetracyclineantibiotic
$*amples/ Achromycin! Cylcine!Cyclopar! #etra-C! #etracap
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A(#I($O:'A)#ICA(#%AC&C'I($
D$%I4A#I4$) Acetate-derived polycyclic metabolites of
actinomycetes
:roduced by cultures of Streptomyces spp; Inhibits D(A dependent %(A synthesis
)$/ nausea! bone marro" depression! hairloss! local tissue necrosis
Daunorobicin Do*orubicin
Mitomycin C :licamycin
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Daunorobicin
Streptomyces coeruleorubidus
#r* of acute lymphotic andnonlymphotic leuemias! usually as acomponent of combinationchemotherapeutic regimens
$*ample/ Cerubidine
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Do*orubicin Streptomyces peucetius var. caesius
:romise in treatment of some acute
leuemia! soft tissue sarcomas! breastcancer! and several types of carcinoma
1sed as a component in combination "ith
chemotherapeutic regimens $*ample/ Adriamycin
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Mitomycin C
Streptomyces caespitosus
#reatment of disseminated
adenocarcinoma of the stomach orpancreas
Alternate drug in advanced
metastatic conditions of various typesthat have become resistant to otherchemotherapeutic responses
$*ample/ Mutamycin
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:licamycin
Streptomyces agrillaceus and S. plicatus
#reatment of disseminated testicularcarcinoma
For symptomatic control in patients "ithhypercalcemia and hypercalcuira secondaryto a variety of advanced neoplasms
$*ample/ Mithracin
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MAC%O'ID$ A(#I5IO#IC) )ynthesi9ed from acetate units
:roducts of both acetate andcarbohydrate metabolism lined to one ormore sugars
Mainly active against
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$rythromycin Streptomyces erythreus
#reatment of 'egionella pneumophila
Commercial product/ $rythromycin A
$*ample/ $-Mycin! $ryc! =yamycin );
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Oleandomycin
)train of Streptomyces antibioticus
#roleandomycin > alternative
$*ample/ #ao
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:O'&$($)
Characteri9ed by a large lactone ring,2? to @@ membered. containing aseries of conugated double bonds
Often mi*tures of closely relatedcompounds
Candida albicans is susceptibe to the
polyenes Cutaneous! intestinal and vaginal
infections of Candida
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:O'&$($)
(o antibacterial activity ,polyenes havea steroid component.
Antifungal action
Acts by destroying the integrity of thecellular membrane of susceptibleorganisms
Amphotericin 5 Candicidin
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Amphotericin 5
Streptomyces nodosus
Commercial product/ must contain not lessthan +3? mcg of Amphotericin 5 per mg
#opical purposes I4/ treatment of life-threatening!
disseminated mycotic infections! such asblastomycosis! systemic candidiasis!
coccidiodomycosis! cryptococcosis!histoplasmosis and moniliasis
$*ample/ Fungi9one
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Candicidin
Streptomyces griseus
Ointment
)uppository for control of vaginalcandidiasis
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(atamycin
Streptomyces natalensis
Classied as a macrolide polyeneantifungal
#reatment of fungal eratitis! aninfection of the eye
$Bective againstAspergillusand
Fusariumcorneal infections
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(ovobiocin
Streptomyces niveus & S. spheroides
Alternate means for controllingpenicillin-resistant staphylococci
Controls some strains of Proteus vulgaris
:encillinase-resistant penicillins andother available antibiotics have
eliminated its use; $*ample/ Albamycin
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(ystatin
A polyene antifungal medication thatis derived from a bacterium!
Streptomyces noursei Infections involving the sin! mouth!
esophagus! and vagina
$*ample/ (yamyc
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